1

Three elements of argumentative writing

Argument: the author's point of view or opinion on the issue under discussion. (The soul of the full text. Play the role of commander-in-chief of the full text. Argumentation requirements: clear and correct. Characteristic means that an argument must express what it supports and what it opposes. Correct, that is, the argument must conform to the objective reality and can solve practical problems.

Argument: the basis used by the author to prove his point of view.

Argumentation: the process and method by which an author proves an argument with arguments.

2

Demonstration method

Argument, example argument, contrast argument, quotation argument, metaphor argument.

three

quarrel

Argument and rebuttal

Frequently Asked Questions and Answering Skills

1

The role of analysis and demonstration methods

Sentence pattern: ×× argument method+argument ×× viewpoint+effect.

Details are as follows:

(1) Demonstration with examples: By citing specific examples to prove, the demonstration will be more specific and convincing.

Format: Use examples to demonstrate and cite … (summarize examples) to prove … (if there is a sub-argument, write the sub-argument it proves, otherwise write the central argument), thus making the argument more specific and convincing.

(2) Reasoning argument: prove the argument by reasoning, so that the argument is more general and profound.

Format: To demonstrate the viewpoint of ... by reasoning.

(3) Metaphorical argument: Proved by metaphor, making the argument vivid and easy to understand.

Format: Metaphorical argument is used for comparison

(4) Comparative argument: The role of comparative argument is outstanding.

Format: Compare … with … by means of comparative argument, and highlight the viewpoint of ….

(5) Citation arguments: Citation arguments are complicated and related to the specific cited materials, including quotes, aphorisms, authoritative data, anecdotes of celebrities, jokes, etc., and their functions should be analyzed in detail. For example, quoting famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data can enhance the persuasiveness and authority of the argument; Citing celebrity anecdotes and anecdotes can enhance the interest of the argument and attract readers to continue reading.

Format: Use the argument method of quoting arguments, and quote … to prove the viewpoint of … to make the argument more convincing. (or more interesting, to attract readers to continue reading)

2

Types and functions of analysis and demonstration

1. Argument can be divided into two types: truth argument and fact argument. There are two main points to answer the question: to clarify the types of arguments; Specific analysis function. The essence of this kind of topic is to examine the relationship between arguments and arguments, whether it is the relationship between central arguments and sub-arguments, it is the relationship between proof and proof. So the standard answer format is as follows: this is an argument, which plays the role of proof ... (argument, if there is a sub-argument, write the sub-argument it proves, otherwise write the central argument. )

2. Supplementary argument is becoming more and more popular as a new type of question. To do this kind of topic, we should pay attention to the following two aspects: (1) See clearly the type of argument that needs to be supplemented, that is, see clearly whether it is a famous saying or an example;

(2) Pay attention to the word limit when adding celebrity cases. Of course, as an exam, you can prepare celebrity examples and famous sayings with common themes such as "diligence" and "dealing with the world". Words of famous aphorisms should be few, things should be familiar, and long famous aphorisms or unfamiliar celebrity examples should not be prepared for novelty.

three

The way the article puts forward the central argument

(1) The title of the article points out the central argument;

(2) Put forward the central argument at the beginning of the article;

(3) The article ends with a central argument;

(4) Put forward the central argument with a connecting sentence in the middle of the article.

(5) The article does not directly put forward the central argument, but always revolves around …

four

Analyze the argumentation ideas of the article

First of all, we should understand the structure of general argumentative papers: asking questions (introduction)-analyzing questions (papers)-solving problems (conclusions). In fact, analyzing the argumentation idea of argumentative essays is to add some words such as "first", "then", "then" and "last" on the basis of paragraph level. When you do this topic, you should pay special attention to the opening and closing sentences.

1, which begins with:

(1) put forward the central argument;

(2) lead to the topic; In the above two aspects, we should specifically answer the specific ways to put forward the central argument or lead to the topic, some through celebrity quotes, some through celebrity anecdotes, and some through anecdotes and jokes.

2, the end of the content:

(1) Deepen the central argument and put forward the conclusion of …:

(2) Repeating or strengthening the central argument ...;

(3) Call or exhort people ...;

(4) Supplementary argumentation. (Sometimes, the role of this aspect is to make the argument more rigorous. )

Doing this kind of topic is to state the introduction, theory and conclusion of the article in detail.

five

The function of the beginning of argumentative paper

(1) Cut to the chase and put forward the central argument.

(2) Analyze a phenomenon (or case, viewpoint) in reality, and then put forward an argument (or topic), which is highly targeted.

(3) Cite famous sayings to put forward arguments or topics, and at the same time, famous sayings are arguments to demonstrate arguments.

(4) A story or an example leads to an argument or topic, and at the same time, this story and example are arguments to prove the argument.

(5) Put out wrong arguments and arguments, and set goals for the later refutation.

(6) Using vivid metaphors or stories (such as fables) to draw out arguments can not only stimulate readers' interest in reading, but also visualize abstract truth for readers to accept.

six

The function of the end of argumentative paper

(1) Deepen the central argument and put forward the conclusion of …:

(2) The central argument emphasized ...;

(3) Appeal or hope that people ...;

(4) Supplementary argumentation. Its function is to make the argument more rigorous.

(5) Summarize the full text and get the central argument.

(6) Asking questions makes people think deeply, and makes people pay attention to or think about a problem.

seven

An analysis of the characteristics of argumentative writing

There are many angles to analyze the characteristics of argumentative writing, such as rhetorical devices, argumentation methods and writing skills.

(1) rhetoric:

① Metaphor: Compare ×× year × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × month × month × month × day × month × month × month × month × month × month × month ×

(2) Parallelism enhances the momentum of the article's argument and the persuasiveness and appeal of the article;

(3) quoting classics and ancient poems, which makes the article rich in literary talent and strongly proves xx's argument.

Quoting famous sayings proved XX's argument.

4 rhetorical question: enhance the tone and make people think.

⑤ Setting questions: inspire readers to think and emphasize a certain point of view.

(2) Demonstration method: refer to the function of demonstration method.

(3) Writing skills are relatively fixed, and the common ones are:

(1) Combination of case argumentation and cause argumentation (narrative discussion);

(2) Mainly ... model law.