First, the historical background of postal savings and its origin with local economy
Postal savings in China started to recover when 1986 economic inflation was serious. 65438-0986 The People's Bank of China and the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications jointly issued the Agreement on Opening Postal Savings, and the postal savings business was approved. At the end of the same year, the Postal Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) was passed, and postal savings business became one of the statutory businesses of postal enterprises. Postal savings was originally set up as a means to withdraw money and support national infrastructure in the case of serious inflation. Postal savings has developed rapidly in the past 20 years, and has also made positive efforts for the development of local economy.
In 1980s and early 1990s, postal savings completed the mission of raising funds in reality. However, with the change of China's economic situation, the country no longer urgently needs to raise investment funds through postal savings, but needs various financial institutions to provide direct financial support for local economic development. The system created by the glorious mission of postal savings has become the source of the "water pump" effect in the new period. Many scholars and even the government think that postal savings lose financial resources in rural areas and underdeveloped areas, but ignore the important role and contribution of postal savings in rural finance for many years, including the new period. In this way, on the one hand, many local governments do not support the development of postal savings, on the other hand, they expect to give full play to the advantages of financial networks and better serve local economic development through the reform of postal savings system. Local governments expect postal savings to make greater contributions to local economic development.
Two, Zhuzhou postal savings for local economic development.
There has always been a biased view of postal savings in society, which holds that postal savings only exist without lending and feeding back local people and farmers. Actually, it's not. The rapid development of postal savings is inseparable from the rapid development of the national economy. At the same time, postal savings institutions have also served the local economic development and made positive contributions. In recent years, Zhuzhou Postal Savings has actively explored the service of local economic development.
1. Postal savings extend the last mile of urban and rural finance.
Starting from 1998, due to the general losses of grass-roots branches, the four major banks began to merge branches on a large scale. Take Zhuzhou as an example. From 2003 to the first half of 2007, the major banks in Zhuzhou cancelled 58 outlets. The withdrawal and merger of the grass-roots outlets of the four major banks has left a blank in the rural financial market, which has not been made up, which is in great contrast with the growing demand for financial services by farmers.
When the bank withdrew from the rural financial market, Zhuzhou Postal Savings Office always adhered to the purpose of serving rural basic finance and actively improved rural financial service conditions. At present, there are11postal savings outlets and 1 17 remittance outlets in the city, of which 77.48% of the savings outlets and 78.63% of the remittance outlets are at or below the county level, and the service terminals are deeply connected to all major towns and villages in the city, and all of them are networked nationwide. Zhuzhou postal savings has become the only "capillary network" in the local financial service network that can connect "cell organizations" and has gradually become an important force in rural financial services.
2. Postal savings shall abide by the commitment of basic financial services.
The network spread all over urban and rural areas laid the foundation for postal savings to implement basic financial services, and at the same time, postal savings served our customers with a consistent commitment to basic financial services. Zhuzhou Postal Savings undertakes the task of providing pensions for retired employees of more than 50,000 enterprises in the city. In 2006, in order to exempt these low-income people from the handling fee burden, Zhuzhou Postal Savings implemented the handling fee exemption service for large state-owned enterprises such as railways on the one hand, and developed a "one-account-all" account product on the other hand to solve the handling fee burden of other scattered pension payment users, and earnestly fulfilled the service commitments of "civilian bank" and "community bank", which was recognized by the majority of users.
3. Start the "blood transfusion pump" of rural finance with small pledged loans.
At the beginning of March, 2006, the General Office of the China Banking Regulatory Commission issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Pilot Management of Small Pledged Loans of Postal Savings Institutions, allowing postal savings institutions to gradually carry out the pilot business of "pledge of fixed deposit certificates". In July this year 1, Zhuzhou Postal Savings officially opened the small-sum pledge loan business in 36 outlets in 6 cities (counties). As of September this year, the total amount of small pledged loans was 20,059,500 yuan, with loans of 52 1. Moreover, since 2003, postal savings funds have been used independently and returned to the countryside through various channels. For example, Zhuzhou City Commercial Bank and Postal Savings have achieved an agreed deposit of 6,543.8 billion yuan. At present, Zhuzhou Postal Savings Co., Ltd. is actively striving for the construction of Zhuzhou syndicated loan project by the higher authorities.
4. Join hands with industry customers to serve the local economy.
With the electric power, tobacco, petroleum, mobile, China Unicom and other industries gradually going deep into the countryside, they need to collect funds, and the demand for online financial services is further improved. Zhuzhou Postal Savings actively seeks cooperation with customers in this industry. In the second half of 2005, Zhuzhou Post began to promote mobile POS to settle cigarette sales. UnionPay provides mobile POS machines and settlement platforms, and the Postal Savings Office issues green cards to nearly 65,438+10,000 cigarette merchants in the province (more than 90% in rural areas). Tobacco companies set up a telephone interview platform to sell cigarettes by telephone. Rural smokers only need to ensure that there is enough money left on the green card of postal savings, and they can complete the cigarette purchase transaction without leaving home; The tobacco department has changed the manual door-to-door charging mode and improved the efficiency of fund use. At present, the annual settlement amount of smokers in the city through postal savings green cards has reached more than 600 million yuan. POS settlement of cigarette sales money is a successful form for rural tobacco merchants to take the lead in using bank cards to settle accounts, which embodies the achievements of postal savings offices in providing financial services for the "five largest rural households" and better supports rural economic construction. Similarly, such as Sinopec, PetroChina gas station business payment collection; Mobile, China Unicom telephone charges collection and business hall funds collection, individual industrial and commercial households tax collection and other services.
Third, in order to help local economic development, the Postal Savings Bank needs to strengthen five consciousnesses and implement strategic changes.
On the day when China Postal Savings Bank went public, Tao Liming, President of China Postal Savings Bank, clearly pointed out the strategic objectives and market positioning of Postal Savings Bank when answering a reporter's question.
The strategic goal of China Postal Savings Bank after its establishment is to gradually build a modern commercial bank with sufficient capital, strict internal control, safe operation and strong competitiveness according to the direction of financial system reform and the requirements of modern enterprise system. Market positioning is: fully relying on and giving full play to the advantages of postal network, improving the function of urban and rural financial services, and providing financial services for national economic and social development and the general residents; Vigorously support the construction of a new socialist countryside.
It can be said that the strategic objectives and market positioning of the newly established Postal Savings Bank have clarified the important responsibilities of postal savings in serving local economic development, especially in supporting the construction of new socialist countryside. However, in order to meet the requirements of regulating commercial banks, truly combine with local economic development and promote the harmonious development of local economy, the author believes that the Postal Savings Bank has a long way to go, and it is urgent to strengthen five consciousnesses and implement strategic changes.
1. Enhance market awareness and realize the transformation of postal savings from relying on policy development to relying on market development.
The transformation of postal savings from relying on policy development to relying on market development began as early as 2003 when the central bank made new and old deposits and breaks in postal savings. Because the policy of long-term dependence on postal savings will be completely weaned before June 2, 2008, postal savings must strengthen market awareness and competition awareness in order to develop healthily, but this change is not complete at present. On the one hand, many people still have some illusions about the changes in the system and policies after the establishment of the Postal Savings Bank, hoping that new policies can be introduced; On the other hand, it is more because the current postal savings business is too single. Even if it is a new business such as small loans and funds, the market awareness of postal savings departments at all levels will directly affect the business development. How to rely on the market to develop business and compete for market share is a lesson that the newly established Postal Savings Bank must make up immediately.
2. Enhance business awareness and realize the transformation of postal savings from single debt business to comprehensive banking business.
The most direct change in the establishment of the Postal Savings Bank lies in the expansion of its business scope. Since 2003, the Postal Savings Bank has been involved in the independent use of funds and handled the wholesale business of funds. In 2006, the small-sum pledge loan and fund consignment business were launched, which initially changed the situation of single debt business in the past, but it was still far from fully operating banking business. In order to become a "booster" of local economic development, postal savings must actively explore the market and gradually open up banking business in an all-round way. At present, the Postal Savings Bank should first give full play to its network advantages and strive to increase its service functions. Postal savings green card has the business functions of deposit and withdrawal, transfer and payment in different places. Postal savings should further strengthen publicity, speed up the construction of green card business market, green card street, green card campus, green card military camp and green card village, and provide more convenient services for economic exchanges between urban and rural residents inside and outside the province. Secondly, based on the current situation, we should vigorously develop small pledged loans, actively support the construction of new socialist countryside, and solve the bottleneck problem of rural economic development funds shortage with practical actions. At the same time, for the opening of credit business, train the team, find out the market and lay a solid foundation. Third, actively promote financial services such as funds and insurance to fill the gap in rural financial services.
3. Enhance the awareness of benefits and realize the transformation of postal savings from traditional management mode to scientific management mode.
In the past, postal savings management only focused on the balance development, and the management methods were also relatively extensive: high deposit cost, unreasonable balance structure, low awareness of risks and benefits, and less infrastructure investment. In order to realize the change of growth mode, the Postal Savings Bank needs to start from the basics: First, strengthen the construction of outlets, invest and transform existing outlets to meet the needs of developing various businesses. Make the transformed outlets spacious and comfortable, with complete service functions, advanced facilities and convenient business handling. The second is to change the service process and gradually implement the one-stop service mode of one card and one discount. In-depth implementation of service standards, carry out service standards and star-rated salesperson selection activities, and build a first-class service brand. The third is to strengthen the construction of talent team and comprehensively improve the overall quality of postal finance team. Fourth, according to the deployment of China Postal Savings Bank, we will continue to build a financial network system. Fifth, adjust the deposit structure, and change the single centralized storage mode into a combination of customer manager system, natural storage and comprehensive business, so as to improve the debt income. Sixth, increase the development of intermediary business, adjust the income structure of banks and promote the transformation of growth mode. Seventh, in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory authorities, comprehensively strengthen risk prevention and control to ensure the steady development of the Postal Savings Bank.
4. Enhance the sense of cooperation and realize the development and transformation of postal savings from single-handedness to joint * * *.
Postal savings offices are inexperienced in real banking, especially in the efficient operation of funds. In order to seek development in the rapidly developing market, the Postal Savings Bank must strengthen the awareness of complementary advantages, development and pioneering while strengthening the awareness of competition. In the way of market operation, we should change the past practice of focusing on our own development alone, actively open up the road of joint development and seek a win-win situation. For example, vigorously carry out business such as agreement deposits, syndicated loans and entrusted loans, and strive to make postal savings funds return to local areas. Actively cooperate with other banks to realize * * * resource sharing and mutual benefit.
5. Enhance service awareness and realize the transformation of postal savings from emphasizing its own development to emphasizing support for local economy, especially the construction of agriculture, countryside and farmers.
At present, the rapid development of national economy brings new market opportunities to financial institutions, and at the same time puts forward new requirements for quality services of financial institutions. If the Postal Savings Bank wants to seek faster and better development in the fierce market competition, it must abandon the previous idea of simply emphasizing its own development and support local economic development instead. In particular, based on the advantages of postal savings, with emphasis on serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers and supporting the construction of new countryside as its own responsibility, we will actively realize new changes and new improvements in service concept, service mechanism and service quality. First, do a good job in the basic work of postal savings bank services. Promote the enrichment of the connotation of service work, and realize the promotion from simple smiling and enthusiastic service to deeper service with more connotation and quality. Second, constantly innovate service means, expand service scope, and realize the institutionalization, proceduralization and standardization of postal savings services. Third, it is necessary to deepen the professional division of labor management of postal savings marketing and services.