2. Definition of threshold effect:
Definition 1.
General: the complete change of the internal state of the system, whether it is a physical system like the human body or an abstract (conceptual) system like the economy, usually appears suddenly when it crosses the critical limit. For example, a disease or syndrome may appear without warning after a long period of calm development, or investors' confidence in the financial system may disappear overnight after years of mismanagement.
General concept: When a certain restriction is broken, the state mutation in physical system (such as human body) or abstract/conceptual system (such as economy) often appears suddenly. For example, a disease or symptom, after a long period of latency, will suddenly attack without warning; For another example, in the commercial system, an investor's self-confidence will disappear overnight after years of poor management.
Definition 2.
Marketing: the cumulative effect of continuous advertising activities brings consumers' recognition of brands or products in the form of a significant increase in sales revenue. The level of expenditure when this effect occurs is used as a benchmark for setting future advertising budgets.
Market concept: continuous advertising will gradually promote consumers' acceptance of their brands or products, and the continuous accumulation of this effect will lead to a sharp increase in sales. This level of consumption based on the above effects is then regarded as the cornerstone of formulating a long-term advertising budget.
3. Dynamic panel Dynamic panel
The panel data model extends from the basic form to the dynamic panel data model and the spatial panel data model, which embodies the development direction of econometric modeling with the integration of time and space characteristics. In the sense of integration of spatio-temporal features, the dynamic panel data model and the spatially lagging panel data model have symmetry and twinning from the spatio-temporal dependence characteristics of the explained variables. The comparative teaching experiment shows that pointing out this point can make students understand the idea, development and application of panel data model more easily, and it is also conducive to the popularization of spatial statistics.
Sorry, our English major is liberal arts. We just translate, but we don't really understand the rest. The word threshold effect was searched from Google and translated for you. As for the non-dynamic panel, we can't find the information and we can't help it.