I finished the course of College Physics Experiment (I). Physics experiment is the basis of physics learning. Although in many physical experiments, we only reproduce the principles and results of theoretical knowledge learned in class, this process is consistent with the physical experiments conducted by physicists in the scientific study of molecular and material changes. In physical experiments, there are many factors that affect the phenomenon of physical experiments, and the phenomenon of physical experiments is also very complicated. By carefully designing the experimental scheme and strictly controlling the experimental conditions, teachers present physical problems in the best experimental way, so that we can successfully solve the problems in physical experiments, test our practical ability and comprehensive ability to analyze and solve problems, and deepen our understanding of relevant physical knowledge. I learned a lot through a semester's course.

After the experimental operation is completed, the experimental data should be carefully processed. Experimental data is the basis of experimental quantitative analysis and the first-hand information for exploring and verifying physical laws. When the systematic error is certain, whether the experimental data is properly processed will directly affect the size of accidental error. Therefore, the processing of experimental data is one of the important contents of experimental review. In this semester, we learned the methods of data processing:

1. average method is a commonly used data processing method to reduce accidental errors. Usually, under the same measurement conditions, the results of multiple measurements of a physical quantity will not be exactly the same. It is the best approximation of the true value to use the arithmetic average of many measurements as the measurement result.

2. Listing the data in the list method experiment can concisely express the relationship between related physical quantities, which is convenient for checking whether the measurement results and operations are reasonable and helpful for finding and analyzing problems. The list method is also the basis of the image method.

The following points should be paid attention to when listing: ① The table should directly reflect the relationship between related physical quantities. General independent variables are written in the front and dependent variables are written in the back, which is convenient for analysis. (2) The table should clearly reflect the number of measurements, the names and units of measured physical quantities, and the names and units of calculated physical quantities. The units of physical quantities can be written in the title bar, and generally do not appear repeatedly in the numerical column. ③ The data listed in the table should correctly reflect the significant figures of the measured values.

3. Drawing method selects appropriate independent variables, and through drawing, we can find or reflect the changing relationship between physical quantities, which is convenient to find out the law and determine the functional relationship of corresponding quantities. Drawing method is one of the most commonly used experimental data processing methods.

The requirements for drawing an image are as follows: ① Choose the coordinate axis according to the measurement requirements, generally taking the horizontal axis as the independent variable and the vertical axis as the dependent variable. The coordinate axis should indicate the name and unit of the physical quantity it represents. ② The scale of the coordinate axis should be selected properly, so that the measured data can be accurately reflected on the coordinate axis. In order to avoid a large blank on the drawing, the coordinate origin can be zero or non-zero. The estimated reading of the division of the coordinate axis should correspond to the estimated reading of the measured value (i.e. the last significant digit).

In a word, college physics experiments are of great significance. First of all, the establishment of physical concepts and the discovery of physical laws depend on and are based on physical experiments, and the status of physics as a science is established by physical experiments; Secondly, the existing laws, hypotheses and theories of physics must be tested by experiments. If they are correct, they should be determined; If they are incorrect, they should be rejected; If it is not completely correct, it should be corrected. For example, Einstein proposed light quantum by analyzing the photoelectric effect phenomenon; Galileo denied the geocentric theory after observing that Jupiter has four moons with a newly invented telescope; Young's double-slit interference experiment confirmed the correctness of the hypothesis of light fluctuation. It can be said that every progress in physics is inseparable from experiments. This is also very important for us college students, especially for the quality of independent work ability and innovation ability that we need in our future practical work, which can not be done or replaced by college physics theory courses.