The research report describes the achievements or progress of scientific and technological research; Or the results of technology development testing and evaluation; Or discuss the modernization and development of a scientific and technological issue.

The purpose of the research report is to submit it to the competent scientific and technological institutions, science foundations and other organizations or people who are in charge of the research. In general, the research report should provide enough information systematically or according to the working process, which can include both positive and negative results and experiences, so that the relevant personnel and readers can judge and evaluate, and put forward amendments to the conclusions and suggestions in the report.

The quality of research report depends not only on its content, but also on its writing quality and editing level. In order to establish and unify the format of writing and editing postdoctoral research reports in China, and facilitate the collection, storage, development and utilization of information systems and international exchanges and cooperation, these rules are formulated.

According to the principle of GB77 13-87 "Writing Format of Scientific and Technological Reports, Dissertations and Academic Papers", combined with the specific situation of postdoctoral work in China, these rules are formulated.

1. Structure of the research report

The basic structure of a formal research report should include the following parts: pre-part, main part, reference part, appendix part and ending part.

1. 1 prefix (first part)

The front part generally includes the following items: cover, cover 2, title page, abstract, keywords, directory page, illustration list and schedule, symbols, signs, abbreviations, acronyms, units, terms and noun comparison table.

1. 1. 1 cover

The cover is the external surface of the report, which provides due information and plays a protective role. It should include the following contents:

A. The classification number should be marked in the upper left corner to facilitate information exchange and processing. Generally, the category number of China Library Classification should be indicated, and the category number of UDC should be indicated as far as possible.

B. The unit number is generally marked in the upper right corner.

C according to the confidentiality provisions stipulated by the state, the contents of the confidential report should be marked in the upper right corner. If it is a public offering, it is not classified.

D titles and subheadings or titles of fascicles shall be marked in obvious positions in large font.

E. Name of person in charge: the person in charge is the author of the report. When necessary, the position, professional title, degree, name and address of the person in charge may be indicated.

If it is necessary to attach hanyu pinyin to the name of the person in charge, it must comply with the state regulations, that is, the surname comes before the name, and the name is connected into a word, and hyphens or abbreviations cannot be used.

F Work completion date includes report, work start date and work completion date.

(For the above, please refer to the standard format and example of report cover 1).

Special note: According to the requirements of the National Library, all items on the cover are limited to Chinese.

1. 1.2 split in two.

The second cover of the report can indicate the delivery method, including free gift or price purchase, and the sending unit and individual; Copyright regulations; Other matters that should be noted.

1. 1.3 title page

The title page is an important basis for recording reports. The following items must be included:

A. Chinese and English titles

The title of the research report must reflect the logical combination of the most important specific contents in the report in the most appropriate and concise words. Every word used in the title must take into account the specific practical information that is helpful to the selection of keywords and the compilation of secondary documents such as titles and indexes. The title should avoid using uncommon abbreviations, acronyms, characters, codes and formulas. Titles generally do not exceed 20 words. Generally speaking, English titles should not exceed 10 content words.

The title is incomplete, and the specific contents of the report are supplemented by subtitles, such as: exploration of new organic nonlinear optical materials: material chemical process from molecules to crystals; Reports are published in volumes, or a series of work is divided into several reports, or staged research results, each with a different subtitle to distinguish its specific content; Others need subheadings as extensions or explanations. The title should be exactly the same when it appears in different places throughout the report.

B. Name of postdoctoral researcher; You can also list jobs and titles.

C. Professional name (or research field)

D. mobile station name (first-level discipline)

E. Start time of research work (as a postdoctoral fellow)

F. End time of research work (completion of postdoctoral research work)

G. Name of unit

H. Date of submission of the report

In addition, if the report is divided into two or more volumes, each volume should have its own title page. Indicate the name and serial number of the volume on the title page. The title page is placed after the second cover page and the insert page and becomes the right page of another page. (See standard format of title page and example 2)

1. 1.4 Chinese and English abstract

Abstract is a brief statement of the contents of the report, with no comments or opinions. The following principles should be followed in writing abstracts:

A summary should be independent and self-contained, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text of the report.

B The content of the abstract should contain the same main information as the report, so that readers can determine whether it is necessary to read the full text, and it can also be used for the second document of the abstract.

C generally, the purpose, experimental methods, results and final conclusions of the research work should be explained, with emphasis on the results and conclusions.

D. Chinese abstracts generally do not exceed 400-500 words. If the research report is written in a foreign language, the Chinese abstract should be no less than 600-800 words; Foreign language abstracts should not exceed 300 notional words. In case of special needs, the number of words can be slightly more.

E don't use unknown and common figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms in the abstract.

F The summary of the report is placed on a separate page after the title page. (See Examples 3 and 4)

1. 1.5 Keywords

Keywords are words or terms selected from the report for document indexing to express the information items of the full-text theme. Choose 3-8 words as keywords for each report, start a new line with prominent characters, and arrange them at the lower left of the abstract. For Chinese keywords, if possible, try to use the standardized words provided by the Glossary of Chinese Topics and mark the English keywords corresponding to Chinese. (See Examples 3 and 4)

1. 1.6 directory page

A table of contents is a list arranged by serial numbers and names of articles, chapters, articles, paragraphs, items, appendices, titles, etc. In the order of discussion. The other page is arranged after the abstract. When compiling a complete set of reports into volumes, each volume should have a table of contents page listing all the contents of the report.

The title in the table of contents page must be consistent with the title in the text, and the numbers representing articles, chapters and sections should be Arabic numerals. (See Example 5)

1. 1.7 list of illustrations and schedules

If there are many charts in the report, you can list them separately and put them after the table of contents page. The list of drawings shall have serial number, title and page number. The list of forms should have serial number, title and page number. Summary table of symbols, signs, abbreviations, acronyms, units of measurement, nouns, terms and other annotations. Should be placed after the chart list. (See Example 6)

1.2 main part (text part)

A general research report begins with an introduction and ends with a conclusion or discussion. The main section must start from the right page of another page. Every article (or part) must start on a new page. The format and arrangement of each chapter, article, paragraph and item of all reports should be unified and clear.

1.2. 1 Introduction (or introduction)

Introduction (or introduction) briefly describes the research purpose, scope, previous work and knowledge gaps in related fields, theoretical basis and analysis, research ideas, research methods and experimental design, expected results and significance. Be concise, not like the abstract, and don't take notes of the abstract. Some knowledge in general textbooks need not be described in the introduction.

1.2.2 text

The main body of the report is the core part, occupying the main space, which can include: the object of investigation, experimental and observation methods, instruments and equipment, original data, experimental and observation results, calculation methods and programming principles, data, processed charts, arguments formed and conclusions drawn. Because there are great differences in disciplines, topics, research methods, workflow and expression of results involved in research work. There can be no uniform provisions on the content of the text. However, it must be realistic, objective and true, accurate and complete, clear in logic, concise and easy to read. Sentences should be fluent, punctuation should be used correctly, vocabulary should not be invented, and abbreviations and abbreviations should not be used as much as possible.

1.2.3 serial number

A. If the report is divided into two or more volumes (or volumes) or two or more volumes (or parts) under a general theme, each volume or article should have a serial number. Can be completed: Volume I, Volume II, Article I, Part II, etc. For reports written in foreign languages, the serial numbers of volumes (volumes) and articles (parts) are coded with Roman numerals.

B charts, tables, notes, references, formulas, formulas, etc. The serial number of the report shall be consecutively numbered with Arabic numerals. The serial number can be coded in the order in which the whole report appears, and the long report can also be coded chapter by chapter. The marking forms should be easy to distinguish from each other, which can be as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2.1; Table 2, Table 3.2; Note1); Literature [4]; Formula (5), formula (3.5), etc.

C. Reports shall be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. The page number should start from the first page of the introduction as the first page, and start another page for the right page. The front cover, the second cover, the third cover and the back cover are not numbered. The front pages such as the title page, preface and directory page can be numbered separately. Page numbers must be marked in the lower right corner of each page for easy identification. If there are more than two volumes under a general theme, the page numbers should be numbered consecutively. If each volume has a subtitle, it can be numbered independently.

1.2.4 number

Drawings include charts, structural drawings, schematic diagrams, sketches, block diagrams, flow charts, records, layouts, maps, photographs, plates, etc. Requirements:

A drawings should be "self-explanatory", that is, only look at drawings, titles and legends, and you can understand the meaning of drawings without looking at words. Drawings shall be numbered.

B. Each picture should have a short and accurate title and put it under the picture together with the picture number. When necessary, symbols, marks, codes, experimental conditions, etc. on the drawings should be illustrated with the simplest words and arranged horizontally below the drawing theme.

The vertical and horizontal coordinates of C graphics must be marked with "quantity, standard symbols and units". These three can only be omitted if there is no need to specify (such as dimensionless, etc.). ). The symbols and abbreviations of the quantities marked on the coordinates must be consistent with those in the text.

D photos require clear outlines of the theme and main display parts, such as plate making. If an enlarged copy is used, it must be clear and have a moderate contrast. There should be a scale to indicate the size of the object in the photo.

1.2.5 table

The arrangement of the table is generally that the content and test items are read horizontally from left to right, and the data are arranged vertically in order. The form should speak for itself. Requirements:

A.this table should be numbered.

Each table should have a short and accurate title and be placed in the center of the table together with the table number. When necessary, the symbols, marks, codes and items that need to be explained in the table should be arranged horizontally under the table in the most concise words as table notes. The serial number of the notes in the table should be placed in the upper right corner of the marked object, enclosed by small Arabic numerals and brackets, such as ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

C each column in the table should be marked with "quantity or test items, symbols and units specified in the standard", which can be omitted only when it is unnecessary to mark. Abbreviations and symbols in the table must be consistent with the text.

Numbers in the same column in the table must be aligned up and down. It is not appropriate to use similar words such as "same as above", "same on the left" and "same" in the table, and fill in specific figures or words. "Blank" in the table means untested or untested, "—"or "………" (because "— "may be mixed with negative reaction) means not found, and" 0 "means that the measured result is really zero.

1.2.6 Mathematical, physical and chemical formulas

A the formulas, formulas or equations in the text should be numbered, and the serial number should be marked on the far right side of the line where the formula is located (if there is a continuation line, it should be marked on the last line).

B. the longer types are arranged horizontally in the middle. If you have to change careers, you can only do it in+,-,×, ⊙,