From a macro point of view, teaching methods can be divided into: teaching methods to obtain indirect experience in the form of language, teaching methods to obtain experience in the form of intuition, and teaching methods to form skills and skills in the form of practical training. However, no teaching method is omnipotent. It requires educators to teach students in accordance with their aptitude and be flexible in order to play an effective role in teaching practice. In order to help teachers achieve better teaching results by writing teaching methods in lesson plans, I summarize some common teaching methods for teachers here.

China's Practical Teaching Methods

The method of obtaining indirect experience in the form of language.

1. Teaching methods

Teaching method is a way for teachers to impart knowledge and develop students' intelligence through concise and vivid oral language. It is to convey information, impart knowledge, clarify concepts, demonstrate laws and formulas through narration, description, explanation and reasoning, and guide students to analyze and understand problems. The basic requirements for applying this teaching method are:

① Teaching should not only attach importance to the scientific and ideological content, but also contact students' cognitive basis as much as possible.

② Attention should be paid to cultivating students' disciplinary thinking in teaching.

③ Teaching should be enlightening.

④ Pay attention to language art in teaching. Language should be vivid, infectious, clear, accurate, concise, clear and easy to understand. The volume and speed of speech should be moderate as far as possible, and the intonation should be rhythmic to adapt to the psychological rhythm of students.

The advantage of teaching method is that teachers can easily control the teaching process, so that students can acquire a lot of systematic scientific knowledge in a short time. However, if it is not used well, students' initiative and enthusiasm will not be easily brought into play, and there will be a situation in which teachers are full of mouths and students listen.

2. Discussion method

Under the guidance of teachers, discussion is a teaching method in which students express their opinions around the central issues of teaching materials in the whole class or group, and acquire or consolidate knowledge through discussion or debate activities. The advantage is that all students participate in activities, which can cultivate the spirit of cooperation, stimulate students' interest in learning and improve their autonomy in learning. Generally used for the teaching of senior students or adults. The basic requirements for using the discussion method are:

The questions to be discussed should be attractive. Before the discussion, teachers should put forward specific requirements for discussion, guide students to collect and read relevant materials or conduct investigation and study, and carefully write an outline of their speeches.

② When discussing, we should be good at inspiring and guiding students to express their opinions freely. The discussion should focus on the center, connect with reality, and give each student a chance to speak.

(3) At the end of the discussion, teachers should make a summary and induction, so that students can obtain correct views and systematic knowledge.

3. Reading guidance method

Reading guidance method is a method for teachers to guide students to acquire knowledge, consolidate knowledge and cultivate students' self-study ability by reading textbooks or reference books.

Second, the method of obtaining direct experience in an intuitive form.

1. Visual demonstration method

Demonstration method is a teaching method in which teachers show all kinds of objects, intuitive teaching AIDS or conduct demonstration experiments in class, so that students can gain perceptual knowledge through observation. It is an auxiliary teaching method and should be combined with teaching methods such as lectures and conversations. The basic requirements for using the demonstration method are:

First, the purpose should be clear

B, the phenomenon should be obvious and easy to observe.

C, try to eliminate secondary factors or reduce the influence of secondary factors.

practise

Practice is a method for students to consolidate knowledge, apply knowledge and form skills under the guidance of teachers. In teaching, practical methods are widely used in various disciplines. Generally speaking, exercises can be divided into the following categories:

First, language practice. Including oral and written language exercises, aimed at cultivating students' expressive ability.

Second, the practice of answering questions. Including oral and written exercises to answer questions, aimed at cultivating students' ability to use knowledge to solve problems.

Third, practical exercises. It aims to form operational skills and occupies an important position in technical disciplines.

3. Task-driven teaching method

Teachers assign students inquiry learning tasks, students consult materials, sort out the knowledge system, then choose representatives to explain, and finally the teachers summarize. Task-driven teaching method can be carried out in groups or individuals, requiring teachers to assign specific tasks and other students to ask questions, so as to achieve the purpose of * * * learning together. Task-driven teaching method can help students develop the ability of analyzing and solving problems in the process of completing "tasks" and cultivate the spirit of independent exploration and cooperation.

4. Visiting teaching method

A teaching method of organizing or guiding students to conduct field observation, investigation, research and study in breeding experimental sites in order to acquire new knowledge or consolidate what they have learned. The visiting teaching method is generally guided and explained by the off-campus training teachers, requiring students to collect relevant information, ask questions, make records, arrange visiting notes after the visit, and write a written visiting report, so that perceptual knowledge can be sublimated into rational knowledge. Visiting teaching method can enable students to consolidate theoretical knowledge and master the latest advanced knowledge. The visiting teaching method is mainly applied to the teaching of working procedures, offspring selection methods and the latest research progress of various plant variety improvement technologies. The teaching method of visiting can be divided into "preparatory visit, parallel visit and concluding visit".

5. On-site teaching methods

It is a teaching method with the scene as the center, the objects on the scene as the object and the student activities as the main body. The on-site teaching of this course is carried out in the training base inside and outside the school, which is mainly used for special teaching such as layout planning, experimental design, observation and recording methods of crop characters.

6. Autonomous learning methods

In order to fully expand students' horizons, cultivate students' study habits and autonomous learning ability, and exercise students' comprehensive quality, students are usually given questions to think about or asked to use online resources to study independently to find answers, put forward measures to solve problems, and then put forward discussion and evaluation. Autonomous learning method is mainly used in the teaching of course expansion content, such as the specific breeding methods and characteristics of small crops not involved in project teaching, organizing students to learn independently, writing small papers in the form of papers and submitting them to teachers for evaluation. Cultivate students' ability to ask questions, solve problems and write science and technology.

Examples of foreign teaching methods,

1. Four-step teaching method

The four-step teaching method aims at mastering specific knowledge and skills, and consists of four teaching steps: explanation, demonstration, imitation and practice. In the teaching process of the four-step teaching method, teachers mainly use the prompt teaching method to teach the teaching content.

2. Guide prompt method

Guiding and prompting method is a competency-based teaching method with the ultimate goal of cultivating students' "key ability". Its teaching process is divided into six behavioral steps: information collection, planning, decision-making, implementation, inspection and evaluation. Guidance and prompt method is actually a teaching method for teachers to guide students to explore independently, and adopts the teaching style of teachers and students solving problems together.

3. Visual teaching

The results of any research or work should be displayed in a certain form. Visualization means that students can show their own learning or working process, discussion results, learning results and so on. Through illustrations, stick figures, cartoons, diagrams, etc. And try not to use words or use fewer words. Visualization can deepen students' understanding and memory of what they have learned, thus internalizing new knowledge into the original knowledge structure; Can cultivate students' thinking ability in images; It can enhance the interest of teaching process and arouse students' initiative to participate in learning.

4. Keyword card method

In German vocational schools, cards are often used as teaching tools. Students learn professional knowledge and basic theory independently, mark the keywords of the learning content with highlighter pen, and write them on the cards with bold ink pen to make keyword cards. Students show their own keyword cards on the bulletin board.

Searching for keywords can cultivate students' ability to analyze and summarize articles and help students understand what they have read and learned; At the same time, when students mark key words when reading articles, teachers can know students' understanding of the content in time.

Teachers collect keyword cards, and students can choose them at will in class, and describe the connotation of keywords on the cards. This is a keyword retelling.

Key words retelling can cultivate students' logical verbal communication ability in front of everyone; At the same time, to describe and explain keywords in your own language requires a good understanding and grasp of the connotation of keywords. Teachers can also use cards to review the content.

5. Legislation of viewpoint station

Teachers design the concepts, viewpoints and methods that students need to understand into multiple-choice questions with three different answers: yes, no and uncertainty, so that students can make choices. Then let students with different views stand in different positions in the classroom, thus forming three groups. Then the teacher went to two groups with questions and listened to their reasons for choosing this view. This method can check students' understanding and mastery of what they have learned; Train students' ability to express their views in spoken English; Improve the understanding and memory of learning content.

Step 6 talk on a merry-go-round

Students get a short passage, study by themselves and understand the text. After independent homework, students are divided into two groups, and members of each group form a circle. The two groups formed an inner circle, and the students in the inner and outer circles sat opposite each other. The task is to report what we read to each other, not to discuss the topic. The speaker is advised to lower the volume and report for about 5 minutes. First, the outer circle students report to the inner circle students, and the inner circle students listen. Then the outer ring moves clockwise and the inner ring moves counterclockwise, moving one seat each. Next, the inner circle students report the content of the article to the outer circle students, and the outer circle students listen. The core of carousel dialogue is to cultivate students' cooperative learning ability, one-on-one oral communication ability, and also to train students' listening ability.

7. Expansion suite grouping method

Extended group teaching method is a way to cultivate students' cooperative learning. This method is mainly divided into the following stages:

(1) "Work independently", in which students think independently about tasks or problems assigned by teachers, such as: What abilities should newcomers have? , record the answer;

② "Two people cooperate", compare their answers and find out the five most important abilities;

③ In groups of four, the group members compare the answers and choose the five abilities that they think are the most important;

(4) "A group of eight people", a large group compares the answers and selects five abilities that * * * agrees are the most important. Finally, the discussion results of the large group are displayed on the exhibition board.