There are seven kinds of doctoral programs in China. Here, taking domestic universities as an example, how to locate and train doctors themselves is discussed in detail.
1. Work for two years, the first hurdle, professional title, bayonet see red, overview
Keywords: post and personnel, separation of evaluation and employment
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education, some schools have implemented posts and quotas, which will be extended to all schools one after another.
Then, the iron rice bowl of colleges and universities was broken. Take the famous college of a famous university in Tianjin as an example. The professor has been overstaffed. This is
This means that, firstly, some professors cannot be employed as professors, and secondly, unless some professors have passed or been transferred, they are associate professors.
Professors are basically not promoted to professors. Third, a bloody battle between college teachers is about to begin.
. . . . . .
Are you ready?
Domestic universities can be divided into first-class universities 985 and some 2 1 1 universities, as well as local universities, hereinafter collectively referred to as third-rate universities, II.
What flows is the part that has a certain popularity between the two.
For green peppers, except those who have a master's degree, the general graduation age is around 28 years old, which is a very embarrassing age.
When you get married, you have to buy a house. Buying a house needs money. where is the money to come from? There are generally three ways to spend money: parents
Provide, the school provides part, and provide it by itself.
First-class school treatment: 0-60 thousand housing subsidy, 0-20 thousand resettlement fee, 1 year turnover room, no spouse work.
Work, salary below 2000, lecturer treatment, two years later, you can apply for associate high school (associate professor or associate researcher) to start scientific research.
The cost is about 20,000 yuan, one year's work buffer period, and no post assessment. After one year's assessment, the post allowance is directly determined.
There are basically no jobs unless the local government issues them. Life is the worst, and you may even make ends meet, with an annual income of 3-4.
Wan.
Treatment of third-rate colleges and universities: housing subsidy is about 500,000-200,000. The worse the school, the higher the pay. Some doctors go directly to the teaching assistant.
The salary is about 1, 700-2,500 (before tax), and the spouse's job is basically not solved. The occupancy fee is 20,000-50,000 yuan, and the turnover room 1 year.
There is a buffer period of 1-2 years, and then you can take part in the job evaluation. Generally, there is a doctor's allowance, and in some places there is a government doctor's allowance.
For example, Fujian. After 2 years, you can apply for an associate professor, and some schools admit that their previous work includes doctors and masters when evaluating their professional titles.
Some schools do not recognize published articles. Be sure to ask clearly if you are looking for a job. Life is moist, barely enough to eat and wear,
Annual income of 40,000-60,000
Third-and fourth-tier universities: the housing subsidy is about 200,000, the spouse arranges work, and the annual income after tax is 60,000-80,000, and some of them provide housing.
After n years of service, the property right is given, and there is usually a doctor's allowance. Research start-up fee 2- 10. Some can be directly recruited into the school.
The doctor is an associate high school. Life is the best.
Development prospect:
First-class institutions are the most bitter, and they may have nothing before they become famous. Third-and fourth-rate colleges and universities are the most nourishing, but their career development is the most limited.
The difficulty of applying for a subject
First-class universities and research institutes are the easiest, but schools below third-rate are difficult. The project application will be described in detail later, but
But for most green peppers, no item = no title.
2. Two years later, the exam, associate professor = project?
After two years of doctoral work, you can apply for an associate high school. Let's look at the requirements of different institutions.
First-class universities and research institutes: presided over the completion of 1-2 national project (National Natural Fund, 973,863), and SCI has
Several influential articles. Due to this limitation, it is absolutely necessary for domestic green peppers to successfully win the subtropical high after two years of work.
dream
Third-rate university: presided over the completion of 1 departmental projects (such as education department projects) or participated as a major participant (top three).
Complete a provincial and ministerial project (local provincial fund Committee, science and technology commission or Ministry of Education, Ministry of Personnel, etc.). ) or complete the landscape.
To achieve a certain project funding, for example, my school requires a horizontal one-time funding of more than 6.5438 million. SCI/EI inspection
At least one paper and one other important article are required. Note that the requirement is to complete the project, and some requirements of the paper are
It must be signed by the work unit, and some do not require it, that is, it can be issued when studying for a doctorate. Because of this project
Limited, all the projects are required to be completed. Therefore, the quickest way to win the job after two years of subtropical high school is to get a big one.
The amount is horizontal, and then discuss with the enterprise to quickly draw the conclusion of the problem. This vertical project will take at least 3 years to complete.
Three universities and four universities: only a few articles are needed to participate in the completion of projects at or above the departmental level.
For female doctors, third-rate and fourth-rate colleges can be considered, which has less work pressure, is conducive to family stability and low income.
wrong
For doctors who are interested in achieving something, the following questions need to be seriously considered.
The most important things that affect the future of green peppers are two things, projects and articles. Articles in different industries are different, so it's hard to say.
Project, which is the biggest mountain on the head of every young university teacher. Nothing can be done without a project. The following will be
Careful evaluation of the project
For green peppers, horizontal projects (enterprise projects) are basically hopeless without the help of tutors or considerable network accumulation.
Yes, enterprises are very cunning now. Generally, you are required to have results, and you will be paid if you bring them here and turn them into production.
Unlike before, it won't support early exploration.
Vertical projects: 973, 963, National Natural Science (Social Science) Fund, Doctor New Teacher Fund of Ministry of Education, local provinces and cities.
Natural Science Fund, Ministry of Education Fund, Chinese Medicine Management Fund, etc.
973,863, whoever takes the project will write the project application guide. Generally, green peppers need not be considered. Local provincial and ministerial natural science departments
Academic funds and Ministry of Education projects, limited project declaration. In other words, it stipulates how many items each school can declare. And my school.
For example, about 30 declarations are allowed every year, and 3-6 are finally approved. Because of the limited goods, many people continue to study in notebooks.
The school can't even get out. Therefore, there are only two efforts of green pepper, the National Natural Science Foundation and the Doctor New Teacher Fund.
Both of them are free to apply, but if you are like me, there is no doctoral program in your department, then there is only the Ministry of Natural Science.
That's how the scholarship fund comes from.
3. National Natural Science Foundation, title Huashan Road? Who is your Bole?
Known as the fairest fund in China, whether you can apply for it depends on your personal skills. After 2008, the National Foundation will set up the Youth Science Fund.
Separated from general projects and listed as talent funds, the overall hit rate is about 25%, and there are different disciplines, among which
Biomedicine is the death group, and the earth and mathematics are better. In my opinion, Ji Guo is the easiest fund to get, but it is very difficult.
The degree is lower than the provincial and ministerial funds and the education department funds, and the Ministry of Education has not applied for the new teacher fund. I don't know how difficult it is.
Application requirements: doctoral degree is under 35 years old, and in-service doctors need a recommendation letter from their tutors.
What does the national fund examine: innovation, ranking first, followed by research foundation, research group composition and so on.
Evaluation method: there are more than 3 anonymous expert reviewers (referred to as letter evaluation), and the reviewers have three opinions, giving priority to funds and funds.
Help, no funding. According to the opinions of three reviewers, decide whether to submit your book to the research group meeting (referred to as the meeting) for review.
Evaluation, at least need a priority funding), will pass the evaluation, and then get the national fund, the participation rate, it is said that this year's Youth Foundation will be 1.
30%, that is, 30% of people need to be eliminated when judging.
National Fund and Work during Doctoral Period
Innovation is the soul of national fund. If you are totally dependent on your teacher during your Ph.D., it is very important for the teacher to tell you what to do.
Sorry, if you can't think of an idea that can be appreciated by the judges, then your doctor is a loser.
There are generally three ideological sources for applying for the Youth Foundation: the continuation of doctoral thesis and the new direction of work unit, and the combination of the above two.
Why should we start from these three aspects? It's simple. The national foundation requires innovation+work foundation, although the national foundation in China has already
Emphasize that the requirements of young fund applicants for work foundation can be relaxed. However, this article is equivalent to uselessness.
Because many people have a working foundation, if you don't apply for a working foundation, it's simply death. What is the basis of work? It is you.
How closely are the articles and projects related to the subject you are applying for now, and can the conditions of your current unit meet your requirements for completing the project change?
And whether the members of your research group are reasonable.
Therefore, the easiest thing to start with green pepper is the continuation of doctoral thesis or the new direction of the work unit and the previous doctoral class.
Combine the questions so that all the articles can be used. The better the article, the greater the hope.
4. Order-based doctor training-focusing on scientific research innovation and articles, the starting point of the death race.
My warning: wasting your doctor's three years is tantamount to wasting your future.
Status: China ranks first in the world in terms of doctor output. Take my school as an example. In 2006, two people in our college applied for assistant teaching.
There were 65,438+03 teachers in 2007 and 24 teachers in 2008. The number of teachers in the hospital is close to 100, and about 60 doctors have been introduced in the past three years.
Project Status: About 30 projects are declared by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation and 25 by the Education Department every year, and the whole school is new every year.
About 100 doctors were introduced.
How to apply for national fund?
Innovation, during the doctoral period, must achieve a world-class understanding of this field, aiming at each shortcoming, the development direction to be achieved.
Know clearly, read 100 English articles? Come on, this is just the beginning. Look, that doesn't mean you understand. You have to understand.
Why is every article like this? What are its disadvantages and advantages? If you can get all the backgrounds of 100 articles.
Yes, he is a qualified doctor. Remember, being qualified is not being excellent.
The highest principle of national fund
Choosing the best among the best is the so-called icing on the cake. The national fund is not a poverty alleviation project and never gives timely help.
In my eyes, what kind of doctor is excellent and can apply to the National Foundation as soon as he graduates?
More than 3 SCI3 articles, the bigger the impact factor, the better, the better the doctor boss, preferably the one that can evaluate the judges.
The newer the new point, the better, and solve the basic problems in a certain field. So, as I said in my last post, there are many.
Read literature, read and write English fluently, and work hard, then your future road will be much smoother. every day
A doctor who chats and farts online as soon as he arrives at the laboratory and doesn't know what he has done all day will be eliminated when he enters colleges and universities. while
Of course there are exceptions. For example, if you find a big tree to lean against, I didn't say that.
Several principles of national foundation evaluation: 1. Projects that are strongly supported by some people at the meeting will certainly be funded, even if all disciplines are involved.
If less than half of the members vote, this supporter must sign his support, which is the so-called non-knowledge project. 2. Some people make up their minds
Projects that are definitely opposed are basically not passed.
Therefore, it is very important to be a doctoral supervisor. If your appraiser knows your mentor (unlikely to know you),
If your tutor supports you in the evaluation, these are resources that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the better the tutor, if the article.
The bigger the better. How to deal with the relationship with the tutor, please see my first post. In this death race, if you lose,
Without the support of your mentor, you will be alone.
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abstract
Doctoral thesis level = project level = working basis.
Independent ability+comprehension ability+understanding of this field = innovative ability during doctoral period.
Work foundation+innovation ability+some luck = national fund
National Fund = research group funds+your career development.
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Polarization of doctoral employment
When it comes to the employment of doctoral students, the obvious impression given in the past two years is that the situation is much worse than before, and they are generally labeled as "salary reduction" and "unable to find a job".
Five years ago, companies often allocated cars and houses when recruiting doctors. Now, this special treatment has been reduced a lot, and even the advantages of returning doctors are no longer reflected. That's because there were relatively few doctors in the past, and government agencies, enterprises and institutions had a worship of academic qualifications. Now there are more and more doctors, not so many enterprises and institutions attract doctors, and universities everywhere are basically saturated with teachers.
In the current talent market, doctors are basically looking for a job in one word-"difficult". This "difficulty" is reflected in two aspects: First, there are few doctors, so don't think you are a doctor and have strong competitiveness. In fact, your opponents are all doctors, and PK is more intense; Second, there is a big gap between the expectations of posts, salaries and benefits and the actual pay. For example, undergraduates' psychological expectation is 2,000 yuan, and the enterprise gives 1500 yuan, which is worse than 500 yuan. However, the psychological expectation of doctors is generally 7,000 to 8,000, and when enterprises open their mouths, it will be 3,000 to 4,000. How did they find the job?
China Talent Development Report (2009) published by Social Science Literature Publishing House shows that the average actual monthly income of doctoral graduates in China is 48 14 yuan. Among them, the salaries offered to doctoral students by different types of units vary greatly. The average monthly income of doctors working in companies and enterprises is the highest, 7 184 yuan; Followed by doctors working in scientific research institutions, which is 4709 yuan; The third is a doctor working in the government or other institutions, which is 4272 yuan; The lowest is a college with a salary of 3932 yuan.
When the era of "only academic qualifications" gradually faded away, the "emperor's daughters" who were originally graduate students suddenly became "groups walking in embarrassing areas". So if you are going to take the PhD exam in the past two years, please think about the following questions: 1. What is the purpose of reading a PhD? 2. What's your major? 3. What is the employment situation of this major? 4. What are your job expectations after graduation?
Xiao Shao interviewed many postdoctoral students and found that they had illusions about the school from the beginning. I feel that the Chinese Academy of Sciences of Peking University in Tsinghua is a temple of science, which can climb the peak of scientific research and has a bright future. Second, the expectations of the mentor are too high. Some people don't know the tutor they applied for. They just think that the tutor is famous, so they don't have to worry about not finding a job. Such an idea is one-sided and easy to go into the employment misunderstanding.
At present, doctoral employment is polarized. A high-level doctor, graduated from a first-class school, has corresponding research directions and topics, and has overseas study experience, and his income will still be high; And a low-level doctor who graduated from a second-or third-rate school only has an armchair strategist and a degree certificate, and your income may be unsatisfactory and your life will be very tight. Therefore, people who want to change their destiny by studying for a doctorate must be cautious.
Colleges and universities are no longer a safe haven for employment.
From the type of doctoral employment units, universities and scientific research institutions are the main destinations, accounting for 68% of the total; There are not many doctors who actually enter government agencies, accounting for less than 3%; PhDs who enter enterprises mainly enter large state-owned enterprises and foreign-funded joint ventures, accounting for 7% and 10% respectively.
Let's talk about the recruitment of domestic universities. In recent years, the establishment of many colleges and universities has been saturated, and most colleges and universities have few students. Generally, older departments only have four or five students a year. Moreover, the more well-known colleges and universities have higher thresholds, and generally require Dr. Haigui, who is not interested in "soil turtles". At the same time, even if there is a recruitment quota, it is difficult for you to grasp it. Many professional disciplines in colleges and universities are used to retaining their own students. When you graduate from Peking University, the threshold of Peking University is too high to get in. Can I enter Beijing Normal University and Beihang University? This idea is actually wrong, and there may be no way.
There are many factors to examine candidates in college recruitment: major, graduation school, thesis, personal relationship, research direction and so on. Because colleges and universities recruit fewer people, and they are determined by people, they are very subjective and accidental. In addition, domestic famous schools are basically reluctant to recruit newly graduated doctors, and are relatively willing to recruit talents who have obtained teaching positions abroad and can attract research funds as soon as they come back, which is conducive to the rapid development of universities in a certain research field. At the same time, universities often don't like female doctors so much, so women should be more cautious when choosing doctoral programs.
In addition, Cobo should not only consider the current situation, but also consider the more tense employment quota in the future. For colleges and universities that have no places and want to recruit people to work, the usual recruitment schemes are as follows: First, post-doctoral employment. Some colleges and universities stipulate that you must be a postdoctoral fellow to enter colleges and universities, such as Zhejiang University and Shandong University. Now and even in the future, it is the general trend to be a postdoctoral student in colleges and universities; The second is to implement personnel agency. Put your file in the talent market and establish an employment relationship between enterprises and universities through third-party institutions.
Beware of the trap of "facade" recruitment.
Let me talk about the attitude of enterprises towards the recruitment of doctors.
In the business world, it is very difficult for doctors with different majors to find jobs. Generally speaking, there are not many companies that like to recruit doctors. Many companies think that the topics that doctors do are flashy and far from reality, but they have high salary requirements and often have low vision.
In addition, the research positions in companies are most affected by the economic situation, and enterprises generally cut research funds when the financial situation is not good, which means that when the economic situation is not good, research positions will not be recruited or few people will be recruited. Many majors, especially basic subjects, can hardly find jobs in the business world. Even high-tech enterprises, such as ZTE, Huawei and Tencent, mainly recruit undergraduates. There is a simple reason. The application and development of high technology is not a basic theoretical research. What is needed is that people with a certain knowledge base continue to learn and get in touch with new things, and a lot of work has a certain knowledge content but does not involve too deep basic theories. Most of the doctoral students from the current training system belong to people who study theory behind closed doors.
So what kind of company will recruit doctors? There are only two kinds: one is for the purpose of "window dressing". In some small and medium-sized psychological counseling, health care, medicine or education institutions, many will advertise for doctors. Recruited doctors often play a leading role in the company's external activities or publicity, and the word "doctor" is impressively printed on their foreign business cards, which seems to show off the company's professionalism in this field. Entering this company, the value of doctors is greatly weakened, the salary is not very high, and there is no possibility of promotion and development. Doctors must be careful when applying for jobs to avoid stepping into the "trap" of such enterprises.
The other is a large research enterprise, which is a real recruitment, in which doctors can give full play to their research talents. There are a few leading "cattle" companies in China, and they need to rely on cutting-edge technology research to support their own enterprises in order to be invincible for a long time. These companies are often willing to pay high salaries, but they also have high requirements for doctors. If you are not a returnee or a doctor from a prestigious school, there will be no interview opportunity. Most of these enterprises are foreign companies, but they only account for a small part of the total number of foreign companies, mainly concentrated in medicine, chemistry, high technology, communications, search websites, fast-moving consumer goods and other industries. Therefore, before studying for a PhD, you must be clear about your chosen major, which companies will attach importance to doctoral recruitment, and how many recruits there are every year.
There is still the last way out for doctoral employment-starting a business. For most inexperienced college graduates, the success rate of starting a business is very low, but the success rate of doctoral degree is very high. Because doctors can consider turning their scientific research topics into products, get to know mentors with rich enterprise resources, and help them succeed in starting a business with the help of mentors.