The topic setting of the test questions adopts the traditional syllogism mode, that is, summarizing the content, putting forward countermeasures and demonstrating the article.
The content of the summary question has not changed, but the form has changed, which has changed the main content of the previous summary materials and the proposition method of the topic, and the form has also begun to diversify, and the topic requirements have become more detailed.
(1) According to materials 3, 5 and 6, analyze the connotation and extension of "cultural soft power" with 200 words. (15)
Requirements: The language specification is concise, and the analysis is thorough and comprehensive.
Answer ideas
The answer to the question (1) needs to be completed on the basis of reading materials 3, 4 and 5. Candidates should first extract the backbone of the material, and then summarize it to form the answer to the question. Material 3 shows the gap between China's soft power construction and western countries through examples and figures, and also understands the connotation and extension of cultural soft power from another side. Soft power is relative to hard power, including the influence released by value belief, ideology, innovation ability, international competitiveness and national quality. At the same time, material 3 also shows that the development of the country is the interaction between hard power and soft power, which complement each other. Material 4 interprets the connotation of cultural soft power from the perspective of cultural influence and cultural communication mode. The application of China's traditional cultural elements in the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games has made the world feel the soft power embodied by China culture, which also shows that the promotion effect of China's national soft power has initially appeared. Material 5 expounds the content of cultural soft power from the perspectives of international competitiveness, influence and national cohesion. A country's comprehensive national strength includes not only "hard power" embodied in economy, science and technology, military strength, but also "soft power" embodied in culture and values, lifestyle, ideology and other factors. Soft power has more lasting penetration and more important social role. By summarizing and refining the above materials, the answer to the question is formed.
Reference answer
Cultural soft power refers to the attraction, centripetal force, affinity and influence released by a country's system, culture, people and ideology. From its extension, it is mainly manifested in the superiority of the national system model, the country's international image, historical and cultural traditions and details, the cultural quality, mental outlook and external communication ability of the people. (120 words)
(2) According to Materials 2 and 4, summarize the impact of the successful hosting of the Olympic Games on enhancing China's cultural soft power in 300 words. (20 points)
Requirements: comprehensive, accurate, concise and clear.
Answer ideas
The answer to question (2) needs to start with the interpretation and analysis of materials 2 and 4. Material 2 expounds the influence of successfully hosting the Olympic Games on enhancing China's cultural soft power from three aspects. First, the national image. The success of the Olympic Games has demonstrated China's good national image, and the hospitality spirit of the people of China has been reflected through the Olympic Games. Second, values, the Olympic Games changed the way of thinking of China people, improved the quality of the people, and played a positive role in system reform and public management. Third, the quality of the people. Olympic volunteers' good sense of service and citizenship has won international reputation and enhanced China's national image. Material 4 expounds that the successful hosting of the Olympic Games has promoted China's national soft power and provided new connotations and new ideas for China's cultural construction in the post-Olympic era. Summarize the above materials and form the answer to the question.
Reference answer
The success of the Olympic Games has expressed the open and hospitable attitude of the people of China and their goodwill to live in harmony with the people of the world, and also provided opportunities for the Chinese nation to learn international rules and integrate into the world. The Olympic Games has enhanced our environmental awareness and volunteer spirit, changed our tragic awareness and closed and conservative way of thinking, and restored our national mentality of self-confidence, equality, calmness and generosity. The Olympic Games brought many international standards covering advanced institutional elements, which provided an opportunity for us to accelerate the institutional reform and improve the management level of the public sector, and also made the public sector policies more scientific and humanized. The volunteer spirit cultivated and embodied in the Olympic Games not only marks the awakening of civic awareness and service awareness, but also wins us a good international reputation and enhances the international image of China. The Olympic Games has demonstrated the long and splendid cultural tradition of the Chinese nation, enhanced the organic integration of Chinese and Western cultures, and injected new vitality into the prosperity and development of Chinese culture. (300 words)
(3) Contact materials briefly explain the main ways and means to enhance China's soft power. (25 points)
Content: The requirements are comprehensive, reasonable, targeted and practical, and the length is not less than 450 words.
Answer ideas
Topic (3) requires contact materials to briefly explain the main ways and means to enhance soft power. First of all, we should read through the materials and find the main ways and means to enhance the soft power in the materials, which can be domestic or foreign. If there is no solution to the problems raised by the materials, feasible and operable ways and methods should be put forward through divergent thinking. Material 1 puts forward that the way to enhance soft power is to strengthen exchanges between countries and establish a good international image; Material 2 proposes to show the outstanding cultural achievements of the Chinese nation to the world by holding major international competitions and expositions. The third material is to admit the gap between China and the world in the construction of soft power, and to respond confidently and optimistically to the criticism at home and abroad; Material 4 points out that we should adhere to the long-term effectiveness of soft power construction, learn from previous major international activities and seek new development ideas; Material 6 puts forward that we should attach importance to information dissemination and network dissemination of values and expand the activity of news media; Material 7 proposes to vigorously promote the development of cultural industries, learn from international advanced experience, and implement the "going out" strategy; Material 8 proposes that measures such as establishing Confucius Institute and popularizing Chinese Pinyin should be taken to promote the education of Chinese as a foreign language and promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Summarize the above methods, that is, form the answer to the question.
Reference answer
To enhance cultural soft power, we need to explore various ways and make efforts in various ways. First, respond to domestic and foreign criticisms with an open, confident and optimistic attitude, improve the humanistic quality of our society and citizens, release sincerity and goodwill in dialogue and exchange, seek cooperation and understanding, and thus establish a good international image; Second, use major international competitions and expositions to show the world the truly outstanding cultural achievements of the Chinese nation, establish national pride and pride, and win the respect of the international community; Third, encourage and advocate people to learn foreign languages, and take various measures to promote Chinese education as a foreign language and promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Fourth, the government should make special plans, support and promote the development of national cultural industries, create a large number of cultural products with profound national cultural connotations, actively guide and help them go global, and enhance the penetration and affinity of Chinese culture; Fifth, actively and steadily push forward the system reform to make our system more scientific, transparent and reasonable, so as to win people's sympathy and understanding under different ideological backgrounds; Sixth, vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation, enhance the ability of independent innovation, change the mode of economic development, and truly turn the country's development to a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable track; Seventh, further open and relax the space for media activities, guarantee citizens' right to speak, and expand the activity of news media. (Answer the train of thought.
Topic (4) requires writing an argumentative essay based on the given materials. The setting of topic (4) is completely in line with the traditional registration mode. The number of words should be around 1000, and the number of words should be controlled between 950- 1050. Based on the success of the Olympic Games, these materials explain the connotation and extension of soft power and how to improve China's soft power. The ultimate goal is soft power. Therefore, the topic of the examinee's article cannot be drawn up without "soft power", but the angle choice can be diversified. What needs to be clear is that the development of a country is the result of the interaction between soft power and hard power.
reference model
Water source woody
-"Soft power" is the source of comprehensive national strength.
The strength of a country includes not only the "hard power" in material level, but also the "soft power" in system, culture and ideology, which is a comprehensive national strength covering various elements and systems. Moreover, compared with the hard power at the object level, the soft power embodied by the system and culture has far-reaching and lasting significance for the promotion and growth of a country's comprehensive national strength.
If "hard power" is a mandatory rigid factor in the contest of national strength, then "soft power" is a "flexible resource" that attracts other countries' recognition and even follows their own political opinions and values. There is no doubt that "soft power" needs certain "hard power" as the foundation and guarantee to play its role. It is inconceivable that a country that is very backward in economy, military affairs and science and technology will have strong international prestige and influence. India is a typical example. A long cultural tradition and a democratic political system have helped it to increase its soft power. However, due to the lack of sufficient "hard power", this extra point in soft power has hardly shown its due effect in international influence. However, the "subtle" and "dripping water wears away the stone" contribution of soft power in enhancing the country's international prestige and influence is incomparable to the coercive force of hard power. It is said that "attacking the heart is the best", "it is easy to break a thief in the mountains, but it is difficult for a thief to be guilty", "it is good to defeat the enemy without fighting" and so on. It is also based on this that some experts believe that soft power has the magical function of "nip in the bud".
It is precisely because of the "original ecology" characteristics of cultural soft power that some countries in the world pay more and more attention to cultural development in the promotion of comprehensive national strength. The course of modern China is a good footnote. However, many developed countries have made relevant cultural development and promotion plans through their governments, and adopted various ways and measures to infiltrate their own cultural concepts and values. Through the development of cultural industry, it not only brings considerable economic benefits, but also greatly improves the national image through a large number of cultural products with strong affinity, and injects fresh water into the sustainability of national economic and social development. China also puts the promotion of cultural soft power at the height of national strategy. Through the establishment of Confucius Institutes overseas, the expansion of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and the promotion and dissemination of China culture through international competitions and exhibitions, the international community will be encouraged to increase its understanding and sense of identity with Chinese civilization, thus expanding China's international political space and enhancing its international influence.
Comrade Hu Jintao emphasized in the report of the 17th National Congress: "Culture has increasingly become an important source of national cohesion and creativity and an important factor in the competition of comprehensive national strength". Under the basic pattern that the west is strong and the west is weak, and the western world is still firmly in control of discourse hegemony, we should focus on building China's mainstream culture and socialist core values, gain a firm foothold in the intensifying "soft power war", and let China culture stand in the world cultural forest for a long time.