Classical Arguments in Argumentative Papers 1 Example 1: Su Qin's "Prick"
During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Su Qin, who was also a famous politician. When I was young, because of the lack of knowledge, I went to many places to do things and was not taken seriously. After returning home, his family was also very cold and looked down on him. This is a great stimulus to him. So, he made up his mind to study hard. He often studies late into the night, is very tired, often takes a nap and wants to sleep. He also figured out a way to prepare an awl. Once he dozed off, he stabbed himself in the thigh with the awl. In this way, I suddenly felt pain, woke up by myself, and then insisted on reading. This made Su Qin's story of "stabbing stocks".
Writing Usage: This short story is suitable for the story of being competitive. Ancient people's learning conditions were poor, but they did not give up learning, but intensified their enthusiasm for learning. In contrast, the modern learning environment is good, but it is not well used, but has been playing with things.
Example 2: Scientist Hawking
Hawking, a scientist, seems to have a weak learning ability when he was a child. He learned to read very late. After school, he never got into the top 65,438+00 in his class. Moreover, because his homework is always "untidy", his teachers think he is "hopeless" and his classmates regard him as the object of ridicule.
When Hawking 12 years old, two boys in the class took a bag of candy and bet that he would never succeed. The classmates ironically nicknamed him Einstein.
Who knows, after more than 20 years, the little boy who was not outstanding in those days really became a master of physics. What is the reason?
As it turns out, with the growth of age, Hawking became interested in how everything works. He often takes things apart to get to the bottom of them, but when he reassembles them, there is nothing he can do. However, his parents didn't punish him for it, and his father even took him as a "coach" in math and physics.
At the age of thirteen or fourteen, Hawking found himself very interested in the study of physics. Although middle school physics is too easy and simple, it is particularly boring, but he thinks it is the most basic science, which is expected to solve the problem of where people come from and why they are here. Since then, Hawking has started a real scientific exploration.
Usage of writing: Hawking is physically disabled, but he is not discouraged. On the contrary, it strengthened his determination and will to study, and he was not afraid of difficulties. In this way, those disabled people can be inspired to become useful people, even if they have physical defects, but they have no mental defects.
Example 3: Zhu Ziqing does not accept American flour.
Mr. Zhu Ziqing suffered from a serious stomach trouble because of his long and hard life and work. At the beginning of 1948, the people's liberation war entered the final stage, and his condition became worse. But he didn't care about rest, but devoted himself to the struggle more selflessly. At this time, Mr. Zhu Ziqing was seriously ill and had no money for medical treatment, but he did not hesitate to sign his name on the statement, which said, "In order to show the dignity and integrity of the people of China, we categorically reject all charitable materials in the United States, whether purchased or given away" and immediately asked the children to return the flour ration card. At the beginning of August, Mr. Zhu Ziqing fell ill.
His condition deteriorated and the hospital treatment was ineffective. Unfortunately, he died on 12 at the age of 50. Before he died, Mr. Zhu Ziqing urged his family in a weak voice: "One thing to remember: I signed a document rejecting American flour, and our family will not buy American flour rationed by the Kuomintang in the future!"
Writing usage: Mr. Zhu Ziqing does not buy American flour, which shows the integrity and backbone of our nation. We still can't bow our heads when we encounter difficulties. We should keep our national integrity and moral integrity.
Example 4: Zhu Ziqing does not accept American flour.
As we all know, Hua is a self-taught world-class mathematician. He only has a junior high school diploma. Because a paper was published in Science magazine, it was appreciated by mathematician Xiong Qinglai. From then on, North China went to Tsinghua and began his mathematics career.
65438-0936, recommended by Professor Xiong Qinglai, Hua went to Cambridge University in England to study. Hardy, a famous mathematician in the 20th century, has long heard that China is brilliant. He said, "You can get a doctorate in two years." But Hua said, "I don't want to get a doctorate." I just want to be a tourist. " "I came to Cambridge to study, not to get a degree." In the past two years, he has devoted himself to studying the theory of heap-based prime numbers, published 18 papers on the problems of Waring, altruism and Chigodbach, obtained the famous Fahrenheit theorem, and showed the outstanding wisdom and ability of China mathematicians to the whole world.
From 65438 to 0946, Hua was invited to give lectures in the United States and was hired as a tenured professor by the University of Illinois. His family also settled in the United States, with a house and a car, and their life was very comfortable. At that time, many people thought that Hua would never come back.
The birth of the new China touched China's love for the motherland. 1950, He Yiran
I gave up my comfortable life in America and returned to my motherland. I also wrote an open letter to China students studying in the United States, urging them to return to China to participate in socialist construction. In his letter, he confessed his love for China: "Friends! Although Liangyuan is good, it is not the hometown of longevity. If you go on and on for the country and the nation, you should go back. " Although mathematics has no national boundaries, mathematicians have their own motherland.
Hua returned from overseas and was warmly welcomed by the party and people. He returned to Tsinghua campus, was appointed as the head of the Department of Mathematics, and was soon appointed as the director of the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences. From then on, the real golden age of his mathematical research began. He has not only made remarkable achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, but also enthusiastically cared for and trained a large number of mathematical talents. He devoted a lot of efforts to the research, experiment and popularization of applied mathematics.
Hua is a famous mathematician in China. He loves the motherland and sets an example for us. As the hope of the future motherland, we should love the motherland, the people and the land that raised us.
Example 5: Beethoven's Growth Story
Beethoven is Caesar in western classical music. But who knew that Beethoven got ear disease at the age of 25 and was deaf at the age of 45? Beethoven's music brought endless enjoyment to future generations, but he could not appreciate his own works before his death.
1770 65438+On February 6th, Beethoven was born in a musical family in Bonn. He played the harpsichord at the age of 4 and performed on the stage at the age of 8, which earned him a reputation as a musical prodigy. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he studied under Nie Fei, the most famous music educator in Prussia. At the age of 12, he was recommended by Nie Fei to be an assistant organist in Earl Wollstein's court band.
The beginning of Beethoven's career as a "music servant".
/kloc-at the age of 0/7, Beethoven visited Mozart, a great musician, and was warmly received. After listening to several piano pieces played by Beethoven, Mozart said excitedly, "Ladies and gentlemen, please pay attention to this young man. He will win the praise of the world in the near future!" " "Mozart also promised to give Beethoven a class. Unfortunately, Beethoven's mother died suddenly two months later. In this regard, Beethoven's father was depressed and drunk all day, and Beethoven had to shoulder the burden of supporting his family and return to the original opera house as a pianist.
19 years old, a long journey broke out in France. Beethoven wrote a chorus of "Who is a Free Man" with passion, expressing his desire for freedom and democracy. Later, Beethoven introduced himself to Duke Li Xi Novsky. He admired Beethoven's talent and accepted him as a music servant. Beethoven also quickly fascinated the Viennese with his impromptu piano performance. His music melody is sometimes like a trickle, sometimes like a stormy wave, sometimes like a bird singing, and sometimes like a storm. Someone once commented that Beethoven's impromptu was "full of life and beauty".
I want to hold my destiny.
At the age of 30, Beethoven fell in love with a countess, Juliet Chichildi, but her father thought Beethoven was from humble origins and decided to marry his daughter to an earl. This gave Beethoven great spiritual stimulation, and it is said that his famous song "To Alice" was written during this period. Of course, being lovelorn made him sad, but what made him sad even more was that his ears began to become deaf. In a letter to a friend, he wrote: "I lead a miserable life. If I do other jobs, maybe I can; " But in my business, this is the most terrible experience! "Beethoven tried his best to treat it, but to no avail. He moved to the countryside of Vienna to recuperate for two years. As a result, the condition has not improved, but has worsened. You can't even hear the church bells through the window.
Classical Argument 2 of Introduction to Argumentative Writing (1)
"If you are stupid in sex, you will be firm. Therefore, if you are bookish, you will work hard, and you will be skilled if you have a sense of art. " History and reality have proved that if you want to achieve a certain cause, you must be persistent in a certain cause, and you must concentrate on the set goals and struggle endlessly. If you share this spirit, you will certainly accomplish nothing.
(2) factual arguments
Liu Shu is a bookworm.
Liu Shu, a historian of the Northern Song Dynasty. He is the author of Records of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Notes on the Mirror, Chronology of Doubts, Chronology and so on. Assist Sima Guang in compiling Zi Tong Zhi Jian. Liu Shu has been studying hard since he was a child. At the age of eight, several scholars came to his house. During the chat, one said, "Confucius is an only child." He couldn't help interrupting: "Didn't Confucius say in The Analects that he married his brother's daughter to Nan Rong?" Those scholars are surprised and ashamed, and they have studied so deeply at an early age, which shows that he is not only clever but also careful and serious, and deeply feels that he is too old.
Song Cidao, who was an official in Bozhou at that time, was a scholar with a lot of books at home. Liu Shu went straight to borrow books. Song Ci Road treats people with delicious food and wine. Insist that Song quit drinking and food and said, "I came to your home to study. If I enjoy wine and food, I will miss my business! " So he plunged into the stacks and was fascinated by the dazzling array of books. Day and night, crazy reading. This persisted for more than ten days, and he didn't walk out of the stacks until he had read all the urgently needed books. His eyes were red when he left.
Archimedes was absorbed in his research.
Archimedes, a famous ancient Greek scholar, was obsessed with the study of physics and mathematics. One day, he went to the public bathroom to take a bath. When he was sitting in the bathtub, he found that the water was overflowing. He suddenly rushed out of the bathroom naked, running and shouting: "found it!" Found it! " Inspired by the bathtub, he discovered the basic principle of fluid mechanics, and thus found the secret of the silversmith mixing silver in the golden crown, so he was very excited.
When Rome invaded the ancient city of Shanghai, Archimedes attacked the Romanian fleet with levers and pulleys, which delayed the fall of the ancient city of Shanghai for two years. Later, the Roman army finally took advantage of the negligence of the defenders and crossed the city into Syracuse. When Roman soldiers appeared in front of Archimedes, he was absorbed in sitting on the sand, drawing circles and studying geometric problems. He saw Roman soldiers with swords and said to them, "Please start slowly and let me finish this problem."
Balzac and Flaubert's hallucinations
Balconk and Flaubert are both famous French writers in the19th century. When they start writing, they seem to be possessed. They often have hallucinations about the people depicted in their books.
Once, a friend visited Balzac. When the friend knocked at the door, he heard Balzac arguing fiercely with others: "You villain, this must give you some strength!" " "His friend anxiously pushed the door and went in. It turns out that Balzac is quarrelling with the characters in his works. On another occasion, Balzac suddenly walked up to a friend who was visiting his house and said excitedly, "It was you, it was you who made this unfortunate girl commit suicide!" " "The friend panicked and looked at him with an open mouth for no reason. It turns out that Balzac's girl is the character Eugénie in his novel Eugenie Grandet.
Flaubert has the same situation. Flaubert's friends visited him once. I saw Flaubert sitting on the floor crying, tears streaming down her face. It's heartbreaking. The friend shook his shoulder with his hand and asked him why he was so sad.
Flaubert replied sadly, "Madame Bovary is dead!" " ""Which Madame Bovary? " The friend asked incredulously. Flaubert painfully pointed to a large roll of manuscript paper on the table and said, "That's my Madame Bovary!" " "His friend realized that it was the hero in the novel who died. He said to him, "Why are you sad? If you don't want her to die, just write that she is alive! " Flaubert said sadly: "Write here, she must die, she can't live any longer!" " "
Balzac and Flaubert's works are famous all over the world for their persistent pursuit of perfection and obsession with deliberately shaping characters.
(3) Theoretical argumentation
In business, the way to achieve agility is to concentrate on doing things instead of doing many things at the same time.
Bacon is agile.
Deer hunter ignored the rabbit.
Huainanzi
If you don't have a heart, it's no use reading thousands of books.
Song Zhuxi's Zhuzi School Collection
You must be quiet in your study before you can succeed.
Ming Hai Rui's "Hai Rui Ji"
A person must devote all his strength to improving himself, and can't waste his strength on other things. -Tolstoy Biography
"Zuo Zhuan" people are not sages, and they can make mistakes; A fault confessed is half redressed.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Ling of Jin had no way to kill innocent people, so he was protested by his officials. Gong Ling immediately said, "I have learned, and I must change." Shi Ji said to him happily, "Who is wrong? It would be great if it could be changed. " Regrettably, Jin Linggong kept his promise and remained cruel, and was finally assassinated by his men. There are indeed monarchs in history who can change and eventually achieve great things. When Chu Zhuangwang first ascended the throne, he drank in the palace day and night for fun, ignoring the failure of state affairs. Later, the liegeman inspired him with the story of "three years of silence, making a blockbuster", and finally made him make up his mind to correct his mistakes, seriously handle state affairs and strive for strength. Chu finally became powerful, and Chu Zhuangwang also became one of the "five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period".
Lin Xiangru was named Shangqing for his feat of "returning to Zhao safely", ranking above Lian Po. Lian Po defy spirit, threatened to humiliate Lin Xiangru face to face. Lin Xiangru learned that, as far as possible to avoid, tolerance, not conflict with Lian Po. Lin Xiangru's minions thought he was afraid of Lian Po, but Lin Xiangru said, "The State of Qin did not dare to invade our State of Zhao because of me and General Lian. When I tolerate and succumb to General Lian, I will put the national crisis ahead and personal grievances behind! " When Lian Po heard this, there was the story of Lian Po's "offer a humble apology".
Lenin once said: "A wise man does not make mistakes, but he can correct them quickly without making major mistakes." It is inevitable that a person makes mistakes. The key is to take it seriously and correct it after making it.
King Wen of Chu once indulged in hunting and womanizing, regardless of state affairs. Tai Bao Shen whipped King Chu Wen with the orders of the former king, but at Tai Bao Shen's insistence, King Chu Wen was forced to accept it. King Wen of Chu fell on the mat, and Taibao Shen tied 50 thorns together, knelt on King Wen's back and picked them up again. This was repeated twice to show flogging. King Wen was puzzled and said, "since I agreed to accept flogging, why don't you just really hit me!" " "Taibao Shen said:" I heard that a gentleman should be ashamed of his heart; "For villains, let their bodies taste the pain. If you can't correct the shame of a gentleman, what's the use of letting him taste the pain? " Hearing this, King Chu Wen deeply blamed himself. From then on, he stopped hunting and was no longer addicted to women. He worked hard and soon annexed 39 countries and expanded the territory of Chu.
The transformation of King Wen made him famous and created the grand occasion of Chu State. However, Xiang Yu, known as the overlord of the West Chu, was willful because he dared not admit his mistake, and finally committed suicide in Wujiang River.
A mistake is a lesson. Only by turning over a new leaf can we continue to mature.
Rousseau, a great French thinker, wrote the famous Confessions. What he wants to do is "expose a person's true face naked to the world, and this person is me." So in the Attribute Record, he faced up to his privacy and blamed his mistakes. He once wrote that when he was a servant, he stole an old ribbon from his master's house. When the master found out, he blamed it on the honest maid Mary in full view, which destroyed her reputation of purity and kindness.
Rousseau was hateful at that time. He stole himself and blamed others, but he was respected later. Why? This is because he has the courage to admit his mistakes and correct them in time, instead of covering up his own mistakes.
It is human nature to make mistakes. It's hard to change after that. Sophocles also said: "Even if a person makes a mistake, as long as he can repent and stop being stubborn, he is not a smart person." Admitting mistakes is not inferiority or self-abandonment, but a frank attitude and keen wisdom.
"Zuo Zhuan" people are not sages, and they can make mistakes; A fault confessed is half redressed.
When Chu Zhuangwang first ascended the throne, he didn't care about state affairs. Later, the minister inspired him with the story of "not singing for three years, making a blockbuster", and finally made him determined to correct his mistakes and strive for strength. Chu is finally strong, and Chu Zhuangwang is one of the "five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period".
Lenin once said: "A wise man does not make mistakes, but he can correct them quickly without making major mistakes."
Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, committed suicide in Wujiang River because he could not admit his mistake.
Sophocles said: "Even if a person makes a mistake, as long as he can repent and stop being stubborn, he is not a smart person."
In order not to go with the flow, Tao Yuanming gave up his splendor and pursued quiet and noble, and became a hermit.
Classical arguments for argumentative writing 4 theoretical arguments
Iron shoulders bear morality. (Li Dazhao)
Dedicated Music Group (Book of Rites? Learning ")
To whom? Also called don't neglect, don't be wild. (Zhu)
A good farmer is not drought, a good farmer is not poverty, and a gentleman is not poverty. (Xunzi)
Diligence is good at diligence, barren is good at playing; What I did was thought, but it was destroyed. (Han Yu)
As a definite person, a realistic person, you have rules, a mission and a task. It doesn't matter whether you realize it or not. (Marx)
Do your best, rather die than surrender. (Zhuge Liang)
In the Ming dynasty, the change of ancient and modern times became a family statement. (Sima Qian)
Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world. (Gu) According to
Do one's duty (take the initiative to do what should be done without giving in). (Confucius)
No obligation, no right, no right, no obligation. (Marx)
Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of our party, and keeping close contact with the masses is our party's fine style of work. In the revolutionary war era, our party was able to win the heartfelt support of the people because it showed with its own practical actions that it was fighting for the interests of the people. (Jiang)
There are many things in the world that must be done, but you don't necessarily like it. This is the meaning of responsibility.
No matter how you make progress, you can't make people around you make progress. This man's contribution to society is extremely limited. He can never be satisfied with' loneliness' or' progress'. He must take responsibility and make everyone progress, at least the people around him. (Zou Taofen)
"If a person has no enthusiasm, he will accomplish nothing, and the basic point of enthusiasm is responsibility." "Whether there is a sense of responsibility will determine the success or failure of life, family, work and study. This is also omnipotent in all relationships between people. " (Tolstoy)
Responsibility means caring for others and the whole society. With a sense of responsibility, life has real meaning and soul. This is a test of civilization and sincerity. It shows concern for the whole and the individual. This is love and initiative. (Munir Nassau)
A successful person must have certain conditions. This means a sense of responsibility.
Intelligence, intelligence, knowledge, chance and so on. Are necessary factors to promote a person's success; But if he lacks a sense of responsibility, he will still not succeed.
A person's sense of responsibility does not have to be measured by major events. His loyalty and responsibility can also be shown through ordinary little things. Let's see if a person tidies up his desk before going to work every day; The owner is willing to pick up the paper that fell to the ground; Whether to be punctual; When he made a mistake, the master dared to admit it and immediately made up for it; He also tried to cheat and entrust others, which not only reflected a person's moral character, but also predicted a person's success or failure.
For work, temporary enthusiasm is easy, but lasting enthusiasm is difficult. Short-term success is easy, but sustained success is difficult. We must strive to innovate and make progress every day to avoid complacency. People who can regard their work as related to their own honor and disgrace, fortune and * * * are the ones who truly understand the joy of success.
When you finish your day's work, are you used to reviewing its success or failure? If you have this habit, you are a responsible person. Because only after reviewing can we find mistakes or omissions, and then we can correct them in time or make reference for the next step. Ex post facto review is gradual. It doesn't ask you to make useless regrets, but to gain valuable experience from them.
Factual argument
1, Chen Jinshui devoted himself to the meteorological cause of the motherland: After graduating from the Institute of Meteorology, Chen Jinshui left the beautiful Zhejiang and went to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alone. He built the highest weather station in the world on the roof of the world. There is a banner in the bedroom that says "the meteorological cause of the motherland is above everything else" to show your mind. He said so and did the same. It has been 30 years in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The living environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is extremely difficult, with snow all year round and no one in Wan Li. Because of low pressure and cold, he can't eat rice and fresh vegetables. Due to lack of oxygen, cardiovascular disease lags behind. He made a pioneering contribution to the meteorological cause of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
2. Football coaches who dare to take responsibility: German national football team coach Waller and French team coach Santigny chose to resign voluntarily, while Italian team coach trapattoni and Spanish team coach Seth did not intend to continue working. They know that their work is not the best. So, resigning is to show that you are willing to take responsibility. In fact, people who dare to take responsibility are respected.
3. Looking back at history, we can see that the martial arts of touching the dragon by candlelight bears the crisis of the country with wisdom and clever words, Sima Qian bears the responsibility of good history endowed by history with humiliation and historical records, Tan Sitong bears the responsibility of China's political reform with bloodshed, and Lu Xun bears the heavy responsibility of piercing the darkness with a large sum of money. Today, in the face of foreign clamoring for anti-China forces, how can the people of China wave the banner of patriotism and shoulder the responsibility of ordinary people? What kind of responsibility should young people have in the face of the current situation of online pornography and games? Facing parents and the burden of life, are the neet people still crying in their infancy and don't know what they are? Taking responsibility is an action. In the face of online games that can make a lot of money, Ma Yun used rejection to "take responsibility"; In the face of AIDS patients and orphans in rural Henan, Du Cong "takes responsibility" with boundless love and Chen Weijun's cold lens; In the face of the Chonglimen fire in Seoul, South Korea, officials resigned to "take responsibility"; In the face of the history that the people of China were killed innocently, repeatedly covered up and forgotten, Wang chose to face up to it, but used the truth and young life to "bear" ... too many people sang the same song of "Bear" with different actions.
4. President Carter who dares to take responsibility: After the battle plan to rescue the hostages of the US Embassy in Iran failed, then US President Jimmy? Carter solemnly declared on TV: "All the responsibility lies with me." Because of the above sentence, President Carter's approval rate suddenly rose by more than 10%. Being a subordinate is most worried about doing something wrong, especially spending a lot of energy and making mistakes. At this time, the boss said, "All the responsibility lies with me." What kind of mood will it be for this subordinate? President Carter's example shows that subordinates' evaluation of a leader often depends on whether he has a sense of responsibility. Being brave in taking responsibility not only makes subordinates feel safe, but also makes them reflect. After reflection, they will find their own shortcomings, take the initiative to apologize in front of everyone and take responsibility.
At the beginning of the 20th century, an Italian-American immigrant wrote a brilliant stroke for the spiritual history of mankind. His name is Frank, and he opened a small bank through hard savings. But a bank robbery led to his unusual experience. He went bankrupt and the depositors lost their savings. When he brought up his wife and four children from scratch, he decided to repay this astronomical deposit. Everyone advised him, "Why did you do this? You are not responsible for this matter. " But he replied, "yes, legally, maybe I didn't, but morally, I have a responsibility and I should pay back the money."
6. Mr. Lu Xun revised the manuscript: Mr. Lu Xun advocated writing "it is not a pity to read it at least twice and try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs". He practiced this idea himself until the last moment of his life. In the last two days of his life, he wrote two or three things that Mr. Taiyan remembered, which clearly showed this point. At that time, he "had no strength", but he still insisted on revision. In this short manuscript with only more than 2,600 words, there are as many as 53 marks of revision.
The classic argument 5 of argumentative writing refers to respecting oneself, not bowing to others, and not allowing others to discriminate and insult. Self-esteem and self-confidence complement each other. People who have no self-esteem will never have confidence. Self-esteem is the soul of being a man and the support point of self-confidence and self-improvement. Only by respecting others can we increase the weight of self-esteem.
Reason parameter:
1, go your own way and let others talk! -Dante
2. It is inappropriate to belittle yourself, and the metaphor is meaningless. -Zhuge Liang
3. The poor don't live on food.
Fact argument:
1, Tao Yuanming didn't bow to the villagers for "Five Doors of Rice" and resigned.
Shevchenko is a famous Russian poet. Once the tsar summoned him, and everyone else bowed, but he stood still. The tsar was furious and questioned him. He replied without fear, "It's not that I want to see you, it's that you want to see me. How can you see me clearly if I bend down in front of you to like these people around me? "
Self-esteem is to be measured. When others point out or criticize your own mistakes, don't insist on "self-esteem" and "face".