Paper Keywords: concept, types, significance, problems and suggestions of leisure fishery
I. The concept of leisure fishery
Leisure fishery refers to fishing activities that people combine work and rest. With the arrival of the new century, the social rhythm is accelerating, and the pressure of study and work is increasing. People's lifestyles need to be adjusted so that they can better devote themselves to their studies and work with healthy body and mind. As Professor Jiang Rongji, an economist in Taiwan Province Province, said, the 20th century is an era of labor, and 2 1 century is an era of leisure. The 20th century is a labor culture, and the 20th century is a leisure culture. To adapt to this trend, recreational fishing is emerging all over the world. Professor Jiang Rongji summed up the definition of leisure fishery: "Leisure fishery refers to the use of fishing village equipment, fishing village space, fishery production sites, fishing gear, fishery products, fishery management activities, natural production, fishery natural environment and human resources. After the planning and design, it will give full play to the leisure tourism function of the fishing village, enhance the experience of Chinese people in fishing villages and fisheries, improve the quality of tourism, increase the income of fishermen and promote the development of fishing villages. " In other words, leisure fishery is an industry that uses people's leisure time and space to enrich the content and development space of fishery.
Therefore, leisure fishery is a new type of fishery that organically combines leisure activities such as sightseeing and aquarium viewing with modern fishing methods, realizes the combination of primary industry and tertiary industry, and aims at increasing fishermen's income and developing the economy of fishing areas.
Two. Types of recreational fisheries
Experts in Taiwan Province Province divide leisure fishery into five forms.
The first is the form of exercise. Fishing-oriented sports;
The second is the form of experience. It is to let tourists directly participate in fishery activities and collect shellfish; The third is the form of eating fish. For example, the earliest and most famous Zhoushan shenjiamen supper stall in Zhejiang Province; The fourth is the form of tour. This is especially obvious in developed countries, especially in places rich in fishery resources.
Obviously, it is like the Ocean Park in Hong Kong and the "giant net fishing" in Qiandao Lake, Zhejiang Province;
The fifth is the form of educational culture. This is also very common in developed countries, mainly in aquariums, fishery fairs and various exhibitions, which have certain educational and scientific popularization.
On the basis of this classification method, modern leisure fisheries can be divided into the following types: production and operation type: it refers to the production and operation mode of some fishing grounds with fishery production as the mainstay and fishing as the supplement. Such as Xuxinzhuang Fishing Ground and Banqiao Fishing Ground in Beijing.
Leisure fishing type: refers to some professional fishing gardens and fishing grounds with complete facilities, mainly fishing, integrating leisure, fitness and catering. Such as Xiaotangshan Fishing Garden in Changping, Beijing and Ma Po Fishing Garden in Shunyi.
Sightseeing and recuperation type: refers to the comprehensive development of water resources in some parks and mountainous areas in combination with surrounding tourist attractions, "living by water, playing with water and eating fresh water", which can be used for fishing, catering, sightseeing, leisure, vacation and summer vacation. For example, the Summer Palace in Beijing and the rainbow trout ditch in Huairou.
Exhibition education type: refers to some aquariums which mainly display marine fish and integrate popular science education, viewing and entertainment. For example, Beijing Pacific Underwater World enriches the underwater world.
Three. Significance of developing leisure fishery tourism
The combination of leisure fishery and tourism has developed into a new type of tourism industry, and its nature has changed. Originally, the fishery in the primary industry has become the tourism in the tertiary industry, and the fishery has only become a resource and tool for tourism development, which is one of many tourism product projects. Areas with developed leisure fishery tourism are generally fishing areas. In the case that the internal and external environment of fishery development is not ideal, it is of certain significance to develop leisure fishery tourism, which is mainly reflected in:
(1) Leisure fishery tourism enriches the tourism resources of tourist destinations, builds tourism brands of tourist destinations, and enriches the types of tourism products of tourist destinations, especially for tourist destinations with relatively poor tourism resources, which can be tapped and planned to become major local tourism brands.
(2) Leisure fishery tourism is conducive to solving the problem of fishermen changing jobs in fishing areas and promoting the restructuring of fishery industry.
Decrease of marine fishery resources? Limited fishing area? It is difficult for fishermen to find a way out. The development of leisure fishery tourism provides new employment opportunities for fishermen who have no way out and broadens the employment space. At the same time, leisure fishery tourism destinations are generally in fishing villages, with relatively remote geographical location, weak geographical advantages and underdeveloped transportation. Can the development of leisure fishery tourism promote the transportation industry in fishing areas? Catering industry? Accommodation and other tourism industries, as well as the development of other industries, adjust the industrial structure of tourist destinations with developed leisure fisheries. (3) Increase the tourism economic income of fishing areas.
Because leisure fishery tourism projects don't need a lot of upfront capital investment, they can make use of existing idle fishery equipment and human resources, which has the advantage of less investment? The characteristics of quick-acting. Develop leisure fishery tourism and increase fishing areas.
Fishermen's way of earning foreign exchange is beneficial to increase the income of fishery economy and tourism economy, realize the double harvest of fishery economy and tourism economy, and produce better economic benefits? Social benefit and ecological benefit.
(4) It plays a positive role in improving the quality of life of fishermen and building a harmonious society.
People engaged in leisure fishery tourism are fishermen. Once leisure fishery is combined with tourism, its industrial nature has changed fundamentally, from the original primary industry fishery to the tertiary industry tourism, so the identity and role of fishermen have changed accordingly, from the original fishermen to tourism service personnel. Tourists' requirements for them also correspond to the requirements for tourism service personnel. This puts forward requirements for fishermen to improve their quality. They are required to have both fishery knowledge and the quality of tourism service personnel. In this way, fishermen are bound to change their lifestyles, change some bad habits and habits, and consciously participate in the study of tourism-related knowledge in their spare time. With the change of lifestyle and spare time control, fishermen's lifestyle has changed from idleness to learning, which not only improves their comprehensive quality, but also improves their quality of life, which is conducive to the stability of fishing areas and the construction of a harmonious society.
Four. Problems in the development of leisure fishery
In recent years, China's marine leisure fishery has developed rapidly, but some problems have also been exposed in the development, mainly as follows:
1. Lack of overall planning. In the development of marine leisure fishery, the effect of one-sided pursuit of tourist attractions is mainly concentrated on the island, with many scenic spots scattered, which can not reach the scale and grade. The villas built are the same, duplicated and cloned, lacking individuality and characteristics. 2. There are short-term behaviors in business. Some operators are short-sighted, only pay attention to development, regardless of protection, only pay attention to immediate interests, and their short-term behavior is serious. 3. Environmental quality deviation. Due to the pollution of offshore and inland waters, many beautiful and charming places are no longer beautiful, especially in inland waters, where there are few clear water surfaces, which restricts the development of marine leisure fisheries. 4. Lack of investment funds. Although marine leisure fishery is a sunrise industry encouraged and supported by the state, it is also a weak industry with great risks. It needs not only the advantages of tourism resources, but also the close cooperation of all sectors of society, and even the overall cooperation of the relatively developed and highly developed national economy. 5. The facilities are not matched. Relevant experts pointed out that leisure ornamental fishery, as a new thing in the process of fishery structure adjustment, is still in the primary stage in China, and there are still problems such as imperfect facilities and lagging related services. 6. There are few large leisure places. Due to various reasons, there are not many large-scale leisure places integrating viewing, fishing, accommodation, catering and entertainment in China, which is difficult to meet the needs of tourists. 7. Conservative ideas and lack of innovative consciousness. At present, most producers engaged in fishing are fishermen handed down from generation to generation. It is difficult for them to change from productive fishing to recreational fishing in a period of time. Potential economic benefits, which can't see the advantages of its own natural resources, can't grasp the opportunity well, is not emancipated enough, and lacks the spirit of keeping pace with the times and bold reform and innovation.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Suggestions on developing leisure fishery
The development of leisure fishery in China should be combined with tourist attractions and modern fishery construction in planning and layout.
Combined with the construction of industrial and agricultural demonstration parks, leisure fishing will be carried out in national scenic tourist areas and suburbs of large and medium-sized cities. In the scenic spots around large and medium-sized cities, use the existing water resources to build a leisure scenic spot integrating sightseeing, fishing and leisure; In reservoirs and lake areas, projects such as cage fishing, boat driving, boat sliding and fisherman's music can be carried out; In suburban aquaculture bases, leisure fisheries such as fishing and fishing experience can be developed. In management, we should break the simple mode of single production and single fishing, attract tourists with fisheries and create benefits with tertiary services; The combination of long-term and short-term, the combination of raising and fishing, the initial stage of development is mainly raising, and the suburbs are mainly fishing, supplemented by raising; In the outer suburbs, fishing is the supplement, and raising is the main thing, constantly expanding service functions and increasing benefits.
Choose some important ports and tourist areas in a planned way, introduce some preferential policies, mobilize social forces, raise some funds by social organizations, and try out a leisure market with direct sales of fishing goods, better arrange the labor force in fishing areas, attract tourists and tourists, activate the market and increase fishermen's income. (a) the development of urban and suburban fishing and entertainment projects.
Based on the existing farms, we should reasonably arrange and improve various service facilities, including restaurants, entertainment hotels, transportation, fishing tackle and bait supply and technical services, so as to create an elegant activity environment for fishing enthusiasts, and strive to change the status quo that some urban residents want to go fishing and have places to go fishing, but the environment is not good and the services are not matched.
(two) the establishment of a number of sea fishing bases.
A number of sea fishing bases with excellent environmental conditions and complete service facilities will be established in a planned way to attract domestic and foreign tourists and fishing enthusiasts to carry out fishing activities. To establish a sea fishing base, we should not only build a fishing dock (combined with cage culture), but also combine the abandoned fishing boats that have been cut down with the construction of "fishing reefs". This not only solves the problem of abandoned fishing boats, but also contributes to the protection and appreciation of fishery resources and creates a good fishing place for marine fishing tourism.
(3) Actively develop tourism in coastal fishing areas.
China's coastal fishing areas, after years of development, have taken on a new look and have good tourism resources. Yantai, Weihai, Dalian, Zhoushan, Ningbo, Xiamen, Shantou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and other coastal fishing villages have been well received by domestic and foreign tourists. These fishing areas and islands with good economic development, convenient transportation and great changes in fishing villages should be regarded as key tourist spots, open to the outside world all the year round, and characterized by combining sightseeing with tasting seafood flavor. (4) launching maritime tourism activities.
Maritime tourism includes sea sightseeing, sea fishing, underwater fish watching and island tourism. To start these projects, first, there must be better tourist boat equipment and strict safety measures; Secondly, we should provide sightseeing and entertainment projects. These projects are large in investment and strong in science, and construction should be started gradually according to conditions. If the conditions are not available or mature, it is not appropriate to rush to get on the horse.
References:
[1] Jiang Rongji. Leisure fishery management. (Taiwan Province Province) China Aquatic Products, 1992 (7): 47 ~ 52 [2] Cai Baoshan. On the development of fishing industry. Scientific fish culture, 1993(2)
[3] Lou Xiaohuan, et al. Zhoushan leisure fishery tourism product design [J]. DJI Weekly Academic Forum, 2005, 10 (2): 35-38.
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