Ma Yuan's On Philosophy once thought that philosophy was too abstruse, far from our usual study and life, and represented an unattainable height. Therefore, there is little research on it, and the understanding remains at a relatively limited and simple stage. However, through the study of Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism this semester, I have a more specific and in-depth understanding of philosophy.
Although philosophy is more abstruse than other disciplines, and even often makes us feel boring, with the help of teachers, leading us to study and recommending relevant books and works for us, it is easier for us to understand the ideological essence left by our ancestors and have a certain understanding of philosophy.
True philosophy is the spiritual essence of our time. Any philosophy is an integral part of the spiritual life of a certain society and times, a spiritual reflection of the economic politics of a certain society and times, and a summary and sublimation of the spirit of the times. Correctly reflect the tasks and requirements of the times; Firmly grasp the pulse of the times; Correctly summed up and summarized the practical experience and cognitive achievements of the times. Philosophy can update people's ideas and emancipate people's minds by criticizing the shortcomings of society and old systems and concepts. Can foresee and point out the direction of social development, put forward the ideal goal of social development, and guide people to pursue a better future; Mobilize and master the masses, so as to turn them into a great material force for social change.
Marxist philosophy is mainly to educate our students on the basic principles of materialistic philosophy, so that we can master the basic viewpoints, positions and methods of Marxist philosophy; Help us master the Marxist world outlook and methodology; Help us to establish a correct outlook on life and values; Cultivate our ability to analyze and solve problems by using Marxist philosophical viewpoints and methods, improve our political theoretical quality and ideological level, and lay a solid foundation for us to correctly understand Marxism, establish socialist beliefs, and consciously adhere to the party's line, principles and policies.
With regard to the study of Marxism, I have expounded its human society and its development law in a particularly profound way. Man and nature are a unified organic whole, and the product of their development is society, and society is a place for people to communicate. Only the good production of society can promote the good development of society, so only the perfect combination of man and society can make the country develop better. What is driving the dialectical development of human society according to the law? What is the relationship between them?
According to the country's basic situation and development direction, we abandoned the capitalist road and resolutely chose People's Republic of China (PRC), which developed along the pace of socialism, to achieve today's world status. Chinese sons and daughters can proudly tell our motherland, our nation and the road we have chosen. The socialist road plays a decisive role. Of course, there is no doubt about the unremitting struggle and efforts of the revolutionary ancestors.
Marxist philosophy has a deeper and more effective view of China's rapid and stable development. Marxist philosophy holds that basic social contradictions are the fundamental driving force for social development. The contradiction between productive forces and relations of production, and the contradiction between economic base and superstructure are two basic social contradictions. It is a contradiction that runs through human society from beginning to end, is the root of all other contradictions, and regulates and restricts the existence and development of other contradictions in society. Comrade Jiang Zemin once said: All Party comrades, regardless of their positions, should always check and sum up their work to see whether it meets the requirements of the development of advanced productive forces, unswervingly adhere to those that meet the requirements, and correct those that do not. ?
Judging from the historical process of human society, productivity has always been the ultimate decisive factor to promote the development of human society. This is the truth that Marxist historical materialism has revealed. The replacement and development of different social forms in human society from low to high, and the process of each new social form from initial formation to further improvement and development, and finally to extinction or extinction, are ultimately determined by the development of productive forces.
The role of class struggle in the development of class society. Class struggle is the direct driving force for the development of class opposition society. This is a struggle between social groups whose economic interests are fundamentally opposed. It is the essence of class struggle to strive for and safeguard the economic interests of the class. First of all, class struggle has promoted the development of the same social form itself. Secondly, in class society, we should promote the transformation from one social form to another, that is, qualitative change. Finally, promote the transition from a class society to a classless society.
The role of class struggle in promoting historical progress is also manifested in the quantitative change process of the same social form. Mao Zedong said? Class struggle, some classes won, and some classes were eliminated. This is history, and this is the history of civilization for thousands of years. ? . For example, during the Huang Chao Uprising, it was beyond words that the rebels were supported and encouraged by the people. Wherever they went, the people were filled with joy, and the bureaucrats and landlords were depressed, or forced to reduce rents and interest rates, or fled. Is there no class struggle in China now? No sociologist who is willing to face the facts can deny it. Class struggle is not manifested in the form of fighting and killing now. In order to make China's backward productive forces adapt to the corresponding relations of production, China must endure the capitalist relations of production for a long time, and when the economy develops to a certain extent, make capital.
When the socialist relations of production can no longer adapt to the new productive forces, we will carry out socialist transformation and enter the advanced stage of socialism.
The role of revolution in social development. Social reform is a change in the realization form or some links and aspects of social system under the premise of keeping the fundamental social system unchanged, and it is a quantitative change or partial qualitative change of social development. It is a political struggle for the revolutionary class to change the old economic base and superstructure, and it is the highest form of class struggle. It is a form in which the revolutionary class overthrew the rule of the reactionary class, replaced the old social system with a new social system, liberated the productive forces and promoted social development. As far as its roots are concerned, social revolution is the irreconcilable product of class contradictions, the highest expression of struggle, and the objective requirement that production relations must adapt to the law of productive forces.
Social revolution is an important means and decisive link to realize the replacement of social forms. Social revolution can give full play to the enthusiasm and great role of the people in creating history. The proletarian revolution will create conditions for eliminating class confrontation, making full use of the achievements of civilization of all mankind and promoting all-round social progress.
The role of reform in social development. The nature and characteristics of the basic contradiction in socialist society determine that the only way to solve the contradiction is reform, which is the objective requirement of socialism's own practice process and the inevitable choice to meet the challenge of contemporary world capitalism. Social reform is all activities to adjust production relations and superstructure in a peaceful way to adapt to the development of productive forces without changing the fundamental social system. It is an innovative measure taken by the ruling class in various fields of society in order to consolidate and improve the social system established by itself. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said that unless we adhere to socialism, reform and opening up, develop the economy and improve people's lives, we will only die? . So-called? Socialist society? It is not a static thing, but should be regarded as a constantly changing and reforming society like any other social system. Socialist reform is the self-improvement of the socialist system, and it is the adjustment, perfection or innovation of the specific institutional system and operating mechanism. That is, on the premise that the basic social system remains unchanged, the transformation of its social system will be realized. The fundamental purpose of reform is to change the old system that is not conducive to the development of productive forces and establish a new system that is suitable for the characteristics of the times and national conditions and full of vitality, so as to further liberate and develop productive forces and give full play to the advantages of the socialist system.
The role of science and technology in social development. Science is a knowledge system about nature, society, thinking movement and its laws. It is a knowledge system that correctly reflects the essence and laws of things, a systematic and theoretical knowledge of nature, social knowledge and thinking knowledge, and science is the crystallization of human wisdom. Darwin said: science is to sort out facts in order to draw universal laws or conclusions from them. ? Marx once concluded that science is a powerful lever of history, a revolutionary force that promotes history and a revolutionary force in the highest sense.
Science and technology play an important role in the development of ancient and modern China and foreign countries. Four great inventions of ancient china's impetus to the historical process of human society is self-evident. Since modern times, the scientific and technological revolution has greatly promoted the development of society. The first industrial revolution, marked by the invention of the steam engine, made capitalism quickly transition to the era of machine industry. The second industrial revolution marked by the invention of electric power made the social productive forces develop rapidly again. The third scientific and technological revolution marked by many high technologies since the middle of the 20th century has promoted the transition of human society from industrial economy to information society or knowledge economy. Our mode of production, lifestyle and way of thinking have also undergone great changes. It is also the ideological consciousness that each of us should follow to live in harmony with nature with the scientific concept of nature and development, establish the overall concept and crisis consciousness, broaden our horizons, avoid quick success and instant benefit, rationally use natural resources and reasonably control various production and consumption activities.
James:? What kind of philosophical position a person takes is inseparable from his psychological temperament. ? For profound philosophy, what I can understand is just a drop in the ocean. However, as contemporary college students who need to establish a correct outlook on the world, history, life and values, philosophical research is essential.
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