1 analysis of oilfield surface engineering construction
Analyzing the content, problems and development direction of oilfield surface construction can help oilfield development enterprises and technicians to define the focus and core of their work macroscopically, and create extremely convenient conditions for the connection between subsequent automation technology and related surface construction activities.
1. 1 Oilfield surface engineering construction directory
As an important part of oil and gas resources development, transportation and storage, the development quality of oilfield surface construction will directly affect the overall quality of oil and gas development activities. In order to ensure the efficient development of oil and gas resources, surface engineering needs to carry out related construction activities from oil gathering technology, water injection technology, station technology and other aspects. Specifically, the work scope of oil gathering technology is large, covering oil wells, crude oil depots, oil pipelines and other fields. On this basis, the preliminary treatment of mobile phone, transportation and oil and gas resources has been realized [1]. Different oil fields will adopt different oil gathering technologies according to their own needs. For example, Aer Oilfield in Inner Mongolia adopts annular oil gathering mode, reducing the number of metering stations through annular pipelines and controlling the construction cost of ground engineering. The technical advantage of water injection technology lies in maintaining the internal pressure of oil layer by increasing water injection technology, and taking dehydration as displacement meter to drive more crude oil out of oil layer. Through this operation, the difficulty of oil and gas resources exploitation is reduced and the exploitation cost is reduced. In the actual use process, according to different use requirements, water injection technology gradually presents a diversified development trend, and edge injection, cutting injection, surface injection and point injection all meet the use requirements of different oilfield development work to a great extent [2]. As far as the station technology is concerned, it is necessary to debug the valve group during the construction of the station, and integrate the technologies such as mixed water distribution measurement, mixed liquid return measurement, pressure, temperature, combustible gas monitoring, and linkage control of exhaust fans, so as to monitor all the processes of the whole oilfield production activities and provide a necessary platform for the development of various management and control work. Workers can reasonably control the problems in oilfield production activities through the media in the station, avoid production accidents and promote production.
1.2 main problems in oilfield surface engineering construction
With the constant changes of market demand and energy structure, the international oil and gas market is also undergoing profound changes, and the government's macro-control of energy and resources is also profoundly affecting the oilfield surface engineering construction activities. Oil and gas development has the characteristics of complexity and needs to face the changeable external environment. In order to carry out mining work in an orderly manner, the development technology should be continuously innovated and optimized, and the management departments should cooperate in depth. However, from the actual situation, there are some problems in the process of oil and gas development in China in terms of technical ability and departmental coordination. This difference greatly restricts the quality and level of oilfield surface engineering construction in China and widens the gap between China and other countries in oil and gas development [3]. 1.3 development direction of oilfield surface engineering construction In the development process, oilfield surface engineering gradually presents the development trend of standardization, digitalization and technological innovation. At present, although the oilfield surface construction has been standardized, there are still some defects in application ability and application level. Due to the basic demand of energy supply, China emphasizes digitalization and intelligence in the process of oilfield surface engineering construction, and strives to improve the efficiency and rapidity of oil and gas resources development with the help of computer technology. At the same time, automation, as a main trend of oilfield surface engineering construction, requires oil and gas enterprises to integrate all kinds of automation construction operations into practical activities under the framework of computer technology, information technology and other technical systems.
2 principles to be followed in the application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction
The application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction should realize the reasonable adjustment and necessary optimization of various automation technologies under the framework of relevant principles, and then put the whole oilfield surface engineering construction automation technology into practice.
2. 1 high efficiency
The application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction must follow the principle of high efficiency. According to the requirements of cost control and management activities of oilfield surface engineering construction, the construction links, application scenarios and application modes of automation technology are comprehensively evaluated to ensure that automation technology meets the objective requirements of oilfield surface engineering construction.
2.2 standardization
The application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction must follow the principle of standardization. As an important part of oilfield construction activities, oilfield surface engineering construction has a natural connection with many construction fields, which invisibly increases the application difficulty of the whole construction technology. In order to adapt to this reality and improve the application efficiency of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction, it is necessary to standardize and sort out different technical links from the standardization level, reduce the adverse impact of complex redundant links on automation technology maintenance activities in oilfield surface engineering construction, and realize effective connection between different technologies. Based on this consideration, it is necessary to standardize the application process of automation technology and related technologies, reduce the difficulty of connecting the application links of automation technology, make automation technology quickly integrate into related construction activities in a short time, promote the orderly construction of oilfield surface engineering, and improve the quality and level of oilfield surface engineering construction at this stage.
Application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction
The application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction is a systematic process, which requires oilfield development enterprises and technicians to realize the organic connection between automation technology and oilfield surface engineering construction activities on the basis of comprehensive analysis of oilfield surface engineering content and with scientific principles and practical principles as the framework.
3. 1 automation system design
In order to ensure the orderly development of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction activities, it is necessary for oilfield staff to carry out necessary structural design activities. Specifically, under the guidance of the principle of high efficiency, it is to sort out the whole technical process and clarify the objective requirements for the framework structure in the development and construction of automation systems. In the process of automation system construction, it is necessary to analyze the actual demand of oilfield surface engineering construction. In the process of automation construction, taking the joint station as the monitoring center, the production units such as single well, valve group room and joint station in the oilfield are controlled by nodes to form a secondary SCADA automatic control system, and on this basis, a remote control terminal is gradually formed. For example, the application of PLC in wharf can meet the objective requirements of oilfield surface engineering construction activities to a great extent. The technical structure of PLC is relatively simple, mainly composed of CPU, memory, input interface, output interface and control device. Among them, the central processing unit is the core of the whole PLC technology system, which performs various digital operations and issues control instructions. As the hub, the memory stores instructions such as sequential control, logical operation and counting required in the application of PLC technology to ensure the integrity and stability of the whole control link [4]. On the basis of setting up remote control terminals, it is necessary to integrate control instruments such as pressure and temperature in the oil field, and form an efficient and fast information transmission system in the oil field by means of wireless communication, so as to promote the orderly development of various information interaction activities.
3.2 Development of Remote Automation Control System
With its great advantages in information acquisition and processing, computer technology has gradually become the core of automation control technology in oilfield surface engineering construction, and it is effectively connected with electronic communication network during operation, effectively improving the integrity of automation control technology. At the same time, the increase of oilfield surface engineering construction activities and the diversification of construction requirements make the oilfield surface engineering construction present a diversified development trend, which leads to the increasing information processing capacity and complexity of control work. In order to further enhance the control ability and the integrity of control technology, remote control system can be realized with the help of relevant technical means, and the control ability of automatic control technology can be enhanced to provide technical support for subsequent control work [5]. For example, in the process of designing RTU, technicians usually use computers as the main platform to obtain and process data information. On this basis, the remote control is completed through the interface circuit to ensure the fluency and accuracy of the control work. From a technical point of view, this kind of planning has good expansibility, which can reduce the difficulty of upgrading control technology and ensure the sustainable development of remote automatic control system. At the same time, the design time is relatively short, which provides some convenience for development. Therefore, in the future development process, skills with low cost, small size and flexible structure will be widely used. The emergence of microelectronic technology and cross-network communication technology will promote the networking and intelligence of remote terminals.
3.3 Construction of Monitoring Center
In the process of building monitoring center, technicians should make layout according to the scale of oil field and the actual development of ground engineering. Technicians should collect the information of oil wells, stations and oil pipelines in the oilfield under the framework of practical principles to form a dynamic information data collection system. At the same time, the data should be stored, archived and managed, so that technicians can compare the data in real time and take timely measures once problems are found. In addition to the above operations, it is also necessary to control the PID during the construction of the monitoring center and build a security system. Workers need to design and optimize the safety systems such as combustible ice leakage and fire alarm on site to realize the safety and effectiveness of production. In addition, it is also necessary to design a software system, by configuring the software, using various drawing tools and animation connection technology, to associate the graphics, characters and field data in the process of oilfield surface engineering construction, so as to help the staff better judge their working status [5].
4 conclusion
The application of automation technology in oilfield surface engineering construction has a far-reaching impact on improving the level of oilfield surface engineering construction and promoting the orderly development of oil and gas resources development activities. Based on the actual situation of oilfield surface engineering construction activities, the basic contents, characteristics and requirements of surface engineering construction are defined. Under the framework of scientific principles and practical principles, the new mode of automation technology application is discussed, which promotes the orderly construction activities of oilfield surface engineering.
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