In recent 40 years, with the rise and development of molecular biology, life phenomena have been decomposed into a large number of combinations of genes and protein. At present, scientists are further studying the functions of these biomacromolecules and their combinations. Scientists have found that biological macromolecules interact according to chemical and physical laws, and some biological macromolecules form "biological circuits" in the process of interaction. "Biocircuit" has the functions of information transmission and processing, even logical operation, similar to a computer. People have been debating whether computers can think like people. At present, various artificial intelligence computers have come out, which are far from human intelligence. But these latest studies show that computers that can rival human intelligence are completely possible. According to these new discoveries, some scientists have provided the design ideas of "biological" computers.
2 1 century is the century of biology. Biological science is an ancient science, but it has developed rapidly in recent decades. With the emergence and development of cloning technology and DNA technology, biological science has great temptation and mystery. The combination of biology and computer will make great progress in human science. Then, when today's human beings begin to rely on computers in every corner of their lives, do you believe that the most powerful sixth-generation computer-biological computer can be made of the same materials as your body?
Biocomputers have high artificial intelligence, can think and reason like a human brain, can recognize characters and numbers, and can understand human language, so they can be used in various jobs, such as communication equipment, satellite navigation and industrial control, and play an important role.
In the future, Shapiro devices made of biomolecules may lead to computers smaller than a single cell, which can be used to monitor and modify cells. If scientists can make this kind of computer, it will be widely used in medicine. It may swim in our blood, or attach to specific organs to monitor the state of organs and enhance their functions. Professor Shapiro said: "For example, this computer can be used to sense abnormal biochemical changes in tissues and decide which drugs to synthesize and release according to computer programs to correct mistakes."
Biological computers will also bring great convenience to the blind. As long as an organic chip is implanted in the eyes of the blind to communicate the connection between brain nerve cells and two kinds of photosensitive cells on the retina, the blind can see the light again. In a word, the emergence of biological computers will bring a qualitative leap to human civilization and bring great changes to the whole world.
Biocomputers have many advantages, mainly in the following aspects:
First of all, small size and high efficiency. In an area of one square millimeter, it can accommodate hundreds of millions of circuits, which is much smaller than the current integrated circuits. The computer made of it is not like the shape of the current computer, and can be hidden in the corner of the desk, wall or floor.
Secondly, when we accidentally hurt ourselves in sports, we should take some medicine, and the wound will heal in a few days. This is because the human body has the function of self-repair. Similarly, biological computers also have this function. When its internal chip fails, it can repair itself without manual repair. Therefore, the biological computer is permanent and highly reliable.
In addition, the components of the bio-computer are biochemical components composed of organic molecules. They work through chemical reactions, so they only need a little energy to work. So unlike an electronic computer, the body will heat up after working for a period of time, and there is no signal interference between its circuits.
Based on the above reasons, inspired by bioengineering, many developed countries began to develop biological computers. The idea is to make a protein molecule. They can be interconnected at the molecular level, and then use enzymes to produce the role of semiconductors in electronic circuits. The components made in this way are called biochemical components, which are the basic components of biological computers. According to the scientist's design, the basic structure and working mode of the bio-computer is that its exterior is composed of a very thin glass film with exquisite crystal lattice inside. A biochip, a bio-integrated circuit, is placed in the grid. Biochip is a protein molecule produced by biotechnology according to human body design, which is assembled from biological components. In biochips, information travels in the form of waves. When the wave propagates along the protein molecular chain, it will cause the structural order of single bonds and double bonds in the chain to change. When a train of waves propagates to a certain part of the chain, they transmit information like carriers in silicon integrated circuits.
Due to the complexity and arduousness of biological macromolecules composed of thousands of atoms, it is easy to deteriorate and be destroyed at present. Therefore, the development of biological computers may take a long time. At present, the production and assembly of molecular components are still in the exploratory stage. First of all, in the study of protein's structure and function, the correct rate is not high, which proves that we still know a lot about it. At the same time, scientists are also exploring how to use genetic engineering technology to automatically process natural protein and other biological materials into controllable molecular components at the molecular level, but the prospect must be bright. We believe that after several generations of unremitting efforts, biological computers will come out one day.
It is not difficult to see that the development of biological computers will bring another revolution and bring more benefits to mankind, and the world will wait with great expectation.