Abstract: In recent years, fresh graduates from the central and western regions are flocking to Beijing and southeast coastal cities on an increasing scale. This surge is directly related to the expansion of university enrollment. In 200 1 year, the number of college graduates in China was only1140,000. In 2003, after the first batch of undergraduates entered the job market, the number of graduates doubled, exceeding 2120,000. In 2005 and 2006, the number of college graduates increased to 3.3 million and 4 1.3 million respectively, nearly three times and four times that of 5438+0 in 2006 ... The employment situation is still grim this year, with 6.3 million fresh graduates reaching a new high, while the employment rate of college students last year was 87%.

Keywords college students; Employment status; Pressure and opportunity; Countermeasure thinking

Text:

If we only had a vague understanding of the employment situation before, then after listening to the lecture, we should realize how difficult it is to find a good job now. After returning to the dormitory, I found that in recent years, under the background of severe employment situation in China, the employment problem of college graduates has become the number one social problem in China, and the employment situation of college graduates has also become one of the focuses of social attention. Therefore, the employment of college graduates has become an important issue before us.

First, the current employment situation is grim.

1. At present, the overall employment situation of college students is quite grim. The adverse effects of the international financial crisis on employment in China have not been eliminated. This year is the most complicated year, and the employment situation at the macro level is very severe. The number of graduates is 6.3 million, plus the number of graduates who have not achieved employment in the past.

2. The supply and demand of employment are unbalanced. 20 10 Although the employment situation faced by college students is not as severe as that faced by college students in 2009, their situation is also difficult. Although the quantity and quality of college students recruited by enterprises have improved, the requirements have also increased accordingly. Although graduation is just around the corner, there are still many enterprises that require students who have passed the interview to practice before signing a contract. The number of interns is far more than the number of people who finally sign a contract.

3. The employment intention of college graduates is too concentrated. According to the survey data, 64.9% of the respondents' employment intentions are concentrated in government agencies and foreign-funded enterprises, among which 33.8% regard foreign companies as ideal work units, and 3 1. 1% regard government agencies as ideal work units; The following are joint ventures 12.2%, state-owned enterprises 9.5%, scientific research institutions 6.8%, self-employed individuals 4.0%, schools and the military each10.3%, and private enterprises zero. The concentration of employment intention is mainly reflected in two aspects: (1) College graduates are concentrated in Beijing, and the proportion of them who are willing to work in other places after graduation is low. According to the survey, no matter where they are born, college graduates are reluctant to leave Beijing for employment. As mentioned above, even as high as 62.2% of the respondents are unwilling to work in grassroots, remote areas and small and medium-sized cities even if they can't find a job in this city. (2) Pay attention to the career development prospects and salary, which leads to the employment intention of college graduates mainly concentrated in government agencies and foreign-funded enterprises. At present, there is a big talent gap in small and medium-sized enterprises that provide jobs in Beijing, but college students will only take them as employment targets if they have to.

4. The government has not done enough to guide students to work in grassroots and remote areas, and failed to effectively divert urban employment. Although in 2005, the central government issued "Opinions on Guiding and Encouraging College Graduates to Face Grassroots Employment" and relevant departments also issued policies and guidelines to guide students' employment, on the whole, the effect of guiding many college students to work in grassroots and remote areas in the west is not ideal. According to relevant departments, since 2004, although the number of college graduates in Beijing has increased year by year, overall, its proportion is still low. In 2004, only 2.3% of college graduates in Beijing went to the western region for employment, and 3.8% went to the grassroots level for employment. In 2005, it was 3. 1% and 3.7% respectively, and in 2006 it was 3. 1% and 5.0% respectively.

Second, the characteristics of the employment situation of college graduates in China are: pressure and opportunities coexist.

1, China's sustained and rapid economic growth will have a strong pull on employment. In 2009, China's gross domestic product (GDP) increased by about 7.5%, more than half of which will come from government-led expenditure. According to figures released by the National Bureau of Statistics, China's GDP increased by 9.9% in the first three quarters. According to the current employment elasticity coefficient, every percentage point of economic growth can provide 700,000-800,000 jobs, in other words, by 20 10, 7,000-8,000,000 jobs will be added. That is to say, despite various unfavorable factors, if the overall economy of China develops well, it will lay a solid foundation for creating new employment opportunities and absorbing labor. Comparatively speaking, the employment situation of highly educated job seekers will be more favorable.

2. The positive impact of China's entry into WTO is gradually emerging. After China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the process of integration with the world economy has been further accelerated. The involvement of foreign capital and technology will undoubtedly increase the demand for high-level talents, and the result will be conducive to attracting a large number of well-trained professionals to find jobs.

The government and the whole society are trying to increase employment opportunities and control the unemployment rate. In order to increase employment opportunities and control the unemployment rate, relevant government departments and all sectors of society are taking various measures: for example, increasing the possibility of employment; Improve employment services, strengthen the construction of labor market, and give play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of labor resources; Develop vocational education and training in emerging industries and modern service industries; Implement and improve the preferential policies for reemployment.

Third, promote and improve the employment of college graduates.

1. Intensify efforts to guide college students to find jobs in grassroots and remote areas. At present, the grassroots and remote areas are backward in economy and lack of highly educated and high-quality talents, which urgently needs to attract a large number of college graduates to find jobs. Therefore, guiding and encouraging college graduates to find jobs in grassroots and remote areas is an effective way to solve the structural contradiction of graduates' employment. The government should further strengthen the policy of guiding college graduates to work in grassroots and remote areas, expand the number of college students, support the development of grassroots and remote areas, and reduce the employment pressure in Beijing. Grassroots or remote areas should also enact some policies that are conducive to attracting college students' employment within the scope permitted by national policies, create more opportunities and conditions for college students' employment development, and attract more people to support local economic construction.

2. Develop modern service industry and increase social jobs. Service industry is the main channel to attract professionals and attract workers' employment. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the number of employees in the service industry continued to increase. Rationally upgrade the service industry structure, rapidly develop modern service industries such as scientific and technological services, financial services and information services, optimize the economic structure while expanding the employment of college graduates, enrich and improve the comprehensive service functions of the city, and make the city enter the connotative development stage of steady growth.

3. Strengthen the employment guidance for college students and establish a correct view of employment. College students' employment mentality has not been adjusted well, which has both objective and subjective reasons.

References:

① Yuan Guiren: 20 10 The employment situation of college students is grim, Henan Daily Rural Edition, 65438+February 7, 2009.

② Website of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics: "Investigation on the Employment Status of College Graduates in Beijing Successfully Completed", Window of the Capital Network, 2006, 65438+February, 2 1. (3) "8 strokes in 82: 7 to improve the success rate", Century Examination Network.

④ Southern Weekend, Sina News Network, 2006.