Suning

Ningxia, as one of the important nodes on the northern route of the eastern section of the ancient Silk Road, was once an important hub for transportation and trade between the East and the West in history. Ningxia has diverse cultures and rich literary traditions. Ningxia, like Sichuan, is also a place where many nationalities live together. Ningxia people who live in the Loess Plateau always pursue morality and inner cleanliness. Ningxia has a long history of nationalities and literature. Shuidonggou ancient human cultural site, the birthplace of ancient civilization in China, shows that there were traces of ancient human beings thriving here as early as 30,000 years ago. Ningxia still has the oldest site of Qin Changcheng. After Qin Shihuang unified the Central Plains, he sent troops to expand Qin Changcheng and Qinqu in Ningxia, creating a history of irrigation of fertile land in Wan Li with Yellow River water. When the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Wang Hengli of the Tang Dynasty proclaimed himself emperor in Lingwu, Ningxia, and was known as Tang Suzong in history. In the first year of Baoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Yuanhao, the leader of the Tangut, established the Daxia Kingdom, known as Xixia in history, with Xingqing House as its capital, forming a unique Xixia culture with far-reaching influence. Historically, Ningxia literature has a multi-dimensional interpretation of reality, including religion and rich resources from folk literature, oral literature, legends and flowers. The rock paintings of Helan Mountain make us feel that we have to look back and trace back. Ancient culture and tradition are the basis of spiritual writing. There are many kinds of myths, legends, stories and ballads in Ningxia folk literature, which makes us full of imagination about this desert literary soil. Mountain flowers in Ningxia once took away the soul of the "king of western songs". 1936, Wang, Jun Xiao and Luo Shan went to the northwest to participate in the field service corps. They passed under Liupan Mountain. Because I was infatuated with the singer's five plum blossoms, I gave up the opportunity to go to Europe for further study and plunged into the northwest to collect folk songs. Most of the mountain flowers he collected in those years have been lost, leaving only a typical mountain flower, Tears Open My Heart.

Ningxia's humanistic and natural regional customs are not only a specific subject category, but also a mirror image of ethnography and spiritual history with unique charm. The rich and colorful natural and cultural landscapes in Ningxia have formed a unique vein in China's literature. From Zhang Xianliang to some young and middle-aged writers, the group of "Xihaigu" writers, represented by contemporary Ningxia writers such as Shi Shuqing, Shi Shuqing, Cha Shun, Shan Yongzhen, Cao, Liao, Ashe, Ma Zhanxiang, Lang Zheng and Jin Ou, is a vibrant new force among the writers in China. At the same time, they are also the representatives of Ningxia regional literature, with a specific national identity. Some writers and works have won the Lu Xun Literature Award and the "Horse Award" for minority literature creation. Some young writers' works entered the "2 1 Century Literary Star Series", and the works of a new generation of writers in Ningxia began to be published in important national literary journals, which received wide attention and welcome, and were frequently selected by various journals and annual books.

The works of these writers reflect the unique life landscape and spiritual world of Ningxia people. Their works are permeated with the firm and persistent spiritual pursuit of Ningxia people. Many works that pay attention to the fate of our nation also focus on the fate of mankind, with bold and desolate style, imaginative and distinctive artistic style. Generally speaking, it has the following characteristics.

First, gradually "give up" the tired pursuit of modern discourse and return to national culture with a "retreat" attitude. Under the complicated secular realistic situation of modernization and marketization, a narrative ethics with the color of "cultural conservatism" is constructed, that is, "speak with the soul, speak with life, face the world with conscience and transcend secular moral judgment". Strive to find a position between "modernization evolution" and "national self-defense", such as Cha Shun's Muslim Children, Ma Jinlian's Long River, Li Jinxiang's Daughter River, Shi Shuqing's novels "Knife in Clear Water", "Orchard" and "Dusk", and carefully explore their unique spiritual world in the vivid description of ordinary life of local people, so as to be firm and firm. Judging from the development trend, the literature in the western region developed after Ningxia and other countries will have a strange relationship with modernist consciousness: it not only maintains the ancient and simple creation in the western region, but also objectively connects with the frontier of modernist literature creation. Sichuan writer Alai is a successful case.

The second is the accumulation of genes of western native culture. This makes Ningxia's novel creation dare to explore, and also makes Ningxia's literary creation have its own unique field of material selection and regional style. No matter how special folk customs are, they have to go through a complete literary process. Ningxia literature accurately expresses the spiritual value of regional cultural accumulation. It consists of ethics, beliefs, ideals, the ecological relationship between man and nature, and the emotional communication between people. Ningxia literature is not a style. Every writer's temperament and personality are different, and his narrative style is also different, but they all show their deep attachment to this land and their persistence in the spiritual temperament of the Loess Plateau. For example, Zhang Chengzhi, who is inextricably linked with Ningxia, is tragically and resolutely following his own idealistic path. But in the end, he "gradually felt a strange feeling, a soldier or man's desire to convert, be conquered and receive a grand reception." He has a strong feeling of returning home. In the loess plateau and religious beliefs, he returned to his hometown with a sense of responsibility and religious mission as a son of the yellow land. In a series of works such as Yellow Mud House, he discussed the metaphysical philosophical proposition of suffering, which began and ended in the process of returning home. Another example is Ji's novel Sacrificing an Army Horse, and Shi Shuqing's short story Borrowing a Head.

Third, the sense of sacredness. Writers in Ningxia have more or less a religious feeling. They treat writing with piety and are full of sacred feelings for the object of writing. Nature, people, land and life-these awesome contents naturally become the main objects of their description. Religious feelings make their hearts pure and clear. They often face the world with a kind heart. Their styles are often related to this, such as the crystal clear of Yi Rong's novels and the uncut poetry of Mo Yue's novels. Most writers in Ningxia construct their own literary world with an atmosphere and an emotional appeal. Some critics say that writers in Ningxia are not very keen on writing long stories, or they are not very good at writing long stories, especially now. They put all their energy into short stories. There seems to be a view that since Zhang Xianliang, Ningxia writers have written too much about suffering and rural areas, so they should get out of suffering and pay attention to cities. This proposal obviously meets the requirements of modernization, but writers in Ningxia should not lose their suffering and rural writing. Ningxia writers write about sufferings in different ways. They write about sufferings not from the social level, but from the philosophical level and the sacred level, such as Guo Wenbin's Scissors. They went beyond the secular appearance and entered their own souls, constantly digging up the religious people's pursuit of religious spirit and understanding of religious beliefs, and transforming it into literary narrative, making it a realm promotion and leap. The clean rural world is the destination of their wandering hearts, and the clean state of mind is the spiritual comfort to treat the trauma of wanderers. Shi Shuqing, Li Jinxiang and others also integrated the "incorruptible spirit" into the narrative ethics of the text and condensed it into a vision of observing society and feeling life psychology. In the series of novels of Qingshuihe, the cleanliness of human nature has become its theme. Especially in the face of the dilemma of urban and rural choice, the protagonist is often called by the "cleanliness spirit" to bid farewell to the noise without hesitation, and collectively shows his persistence in rural life and his conversion to poetic soul. Keeping a peaceful mind is a gesture of moral and spiritual choice made by Ningxia writers based on local cultural resources.

Many writers in Ningxia collectively turned their attention to their long history and profound culture, trying to reflect on national survival, realize national rejuvenation and recast national spirit from the in-depth exploration of national spirit. They see the world from Ningxia-they are promoted by the collision and integration of ancient eastern civilization and western civilization. Based on the spiritual culture and psychological consciousness of ethnic groups, they tell folk stories and plots, reveal the inevitable pain of this collision and integration, and explore the cultural psychology of characters. This kind of struggle, mutual integration and mutual infiltration, glow with vigorous life consciousness and ordinary and great personality, showing the special quality of Ningxia literature. For Ningxia writers, it is the only way to explore the excellent quality of their national culture, activate the contemporary vitality of regional cultural accumulation, carry out creative transformation and promotion, base on local resources, locate the narrative balance between "modernization evolution" and "national self-protection" and move towards aesthetic modernity.

Suning, a native of Beijing, is a doctor of philosophy, an expert in aesthetic research and a literary critic. Researcher and former director of Institute of Literature, Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, expert enjoying special allowance from the State Council. Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, leader of literary aesthetics. He has published more than 100 papers in core journals such as Literature Review, undertaken 2 national social science fund planning projects, and won the second prize 1 item, the third prize, and the provincial "Five One Project Awards" 1 item for outstanding achievements in philosophy and social sciences in Sichuan Province. Interpretation of Aesthetics in Sanxingdui and other monographs 16. He is in charge of 12 provincial and ministerial projects such as General History Volume of Bashu Culture and Art, Investigation of Cultural Resources and Literature Volume of Tibetan, Qiang and Yi Corridor, Taoist Spirit and Leisure Culture of Chengdu, and concurrently serves as the vice chairman of Sichuan Literary Critics Association and Chengdu Literary Critics Association.