Fan Wenyi:

Since the second half of the twentieth century, human beings have faced unprecedented ecological crisis and survival crisis. If the crisis is not effectively contained, human beings, as a biological population, are likely to disappear from the earth in the near future. It is in this situation that a brand-new literary criticism theory-ecological criticism came into being. The main appeal of ecological criticism is to re-examine human culture and reveal the ideological and cultural roots of ecological crisis.

The ecological thinker Vostel clearly pointed out: "The global ecological crisis we are facing today is not caused by the ecosystem itself, but by our cultural system. In order to survive this crisis, we must understand as clearly as possible the impact of our culture on nature. " Based on contemporary ecological holism philosophy, eco-criticism probes into the relationship between literature, culture and nature from interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspectives, and effectively reveals that the ecological crisis is essentially a crisis of human culture.

Fan Wener:

For many years, eco-literary criticism has been asking about the relationship between literature and natural environment and trying to answer these questions. Critics of ecological literature often ask such questions, such as how the author describes nature, whether the theme of the work reflects the consciousness of ecological environment, how people should treat nature, and where people are in nature.

It also includes some fundamental questions: how to determine the relationship between nature and culture? What is the direction and thinking of contemporary eco-literary criticism? Is eco-criticism the "ultimate science"? How to combine ecological literature research with other disciplines to achieve complementary and mutually beneficial results? Wait a minute.

Fan Wensan:

Eco-criticism should not only study all eco-literary writers and works, but also re-read and evaluate the existing anti-ecological writers and works from the perspective of ecological thought. This is conducive to awakening people's awareness of ecological protection and recreating an ecological humanistic spirit in the era of ecological civilization.

The ideological root of human conquering and ruling nature is anthropocentrism. Plato's Tyatedes recorded a sentence by protagoras: "Man is the measure of everything: the measure of everything's existence and the measure of everything's non-existence." Ancient Greek literature encourages people to treat nature with the attitude of rulers, which is the most profound ideological source of anthropocentrism. Rabelais was a famous humanist writer in the Renaissance.