Research on the Relationship between Mechanical and Electronic Engineering and Artificial Intelligence
In recent years, in order to improve productivity, developed countries all over the world are competing to develop mechanical and electronic engineering. Mechanical and electronic engineering is also developing towards intelligence, networking and flexibility. The perfect integration of mechanical and electronic engineering and artificial intelligence has brought revolutionary changes and amazing economic benefits to this industry. This paper discusses this trend from three aspects: mechanical and electronic engineering, artificial intelligence and their integration.
Mechanical and electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; information handling
Introduction to 0
Traditional mechanical engineering is generally divided into two categories: power and manufacturing. Manufacturing engineering includes machining, blank manufacturing and assembly, and power engineering includes various generators. Compared with traditional mechanical engineering, electronic engineering is a relatively new discipline, which was gradually combined in the last century. At first, electronic engineering and mechanical engineering were combined by block-by-block separation mode or functional substitution mode. With the continuous progress of science and technology, traditional mechanical engineering and modern electronic engineering are organically combined through information technology, forming the current mechanical and electronic engineering discipline. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, mechanical and electronic engineering has gradually developed from traditional energy connection and kinetic energy connection to information connection, which makes mechanical and electronic engineering have certain artificial intelligence. Traditional mechanical and electronic engineering has entered a new development field through modern science and technology. At the same time, with the increasing complexity of mechanical and electronic engineering, artificial intelligence technology has also made great progress.
1 mechanical and electronic engineering
1. 1 development history of mechanical and electronic engineering
The 20th century is the most brilliant period of scientific development, in which various disciplines permeate and complement each other, and the discipline of mechanical and electronic engineering also came into being. It is a new theoretical system and development field combining mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, intelligent technology and management technology. With the continuous development of science and technology, mechanical and electronic engineering has become more and more complicated.
The development of mechanical and electronic engineering can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the embryonic stage with manual processing as the main productivity. During this period, the low productivity and lack of human resources seriously restricted the development of productivity, and scientists had to think hard and seek change, which led to the development of machinery industry. The second stage is the production stage of standard parts marked by assembly line production. This mode of production greatly improved productivity, and mass production began to appear. However, due to the high demand for standard parts and the lack of flexibility in production, it can not meet the ever-changing social needs. The third stage is the common stage of modern mechanical and electronic industry. With the fast pace of life in modern society, there is an urgent need for high-tech production methods with strong flexibility, adaptability, short production cycle and high product quality. Flexible manufacturing system with mechanical and electronic engineering as the core is the product of this stage. Flexible manufacturing system consists of processing, logistics and information flow, which can realize the automation of logistics and information flow on the basis of processing automation.
1.2 characteristics of mechanical and electronic engineering
Mechanical and electronic engineering is an effective combination of mechanical engineering and electronic technology. There is not only a physical dynamic connection between them, but also a functional information connection, including a computer system that can intelligently process all mechanical and electronic information. Compared with traditional mechanical engineering, mechatronics engineering has its unique characteristics:
1) Design differences. Mechanical and electronic engineering is not an independent discipline, but a comprehensive discipline that contains the essence of various disciplines. In the design, mechanical and electronic engineering with mechanical engineering, electronic engineering and computer technology as the core will be combined with management technology, production and processing technology, manufacturing technology and other technologies according to the different system configurations and objectives. Engineers will adopt a top-down strategy to make the modules closely integrated and complete the design; 2) Different product functions. Mechanical and electronic products are relatively simple in structure, and there are not many moving parts or elements. Its internal structure is extremely complex, but it reduces the physical volume, abandons the traditional appearance of heavy machinery, and improves the product performance.
The future of mechanical and electronic engineering belongs to those who know how to optimize the relationship between mechanical engineering and electronic technology by using all kinds of advanced science and technology. In practical application, optimizing the relationship between them represents the innovation of productivity, and the development of artificial intelligence makes this idea possible.
2 artificial intelligence
2. 1 definition of artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is an interdisciplinary subject integrating cybernetics, information theory, computer science, neurophysiology, psychology, linguistics and philosophy, and it is one of the three major disciplines in 2 1 century. Professor Nelson defines artificial intelligence as a science about how to express knowledge and how to acquire and use it. Professor Winston believes that artificial intelligence is to study how to make computers do intelligent work that only people can do in the past. So far, there is still no unified definition of artificial intelligence. The author believes that artificial intelligence is a science and technology to study the extension, expansion and simulation of human intelligence through computers.
2.2 the history of artificial intelligence
2.2. 1 budding stage
/kloc-in the 7th century, Pascal, a French scientist, invented the world's first calculator capable of mechanical addition, which caused a sensation in the world. Since then, scientists all over the world have been keen on perfecting this calculator until von Neumann invented the first computer. During this period, artificial intelligence developed slowly, but accumulated rich practical experience, which laid a solid foundation for the next stage of development.
2.2.2 The first stage of development
Held on 1956? Have a chat? Is it actually the first time for Americans to use it? Artificial intelligence? This term led to the first boom of artificial intelligence. At present, the main research tasks of artificial intelligence are translation, proof and game, and a series of scientific and technological achievements have been made. LISP language is the best at this stage. The rapid development of artificial intelligence at this stage makes people believe that only through scientific research can we sum up the logical thinking mode of human beings and create universal machines for imitation.
2.2.3 Stages of frustration
From the mid-1960s to the early 1970s, when people deeply studied the working mechanism of artificial intelligence, it was found that it was very difficult to imitate human thinking with machines. Many scientific discoveries are not divorced from simple drawing methods, let alone logical thinking. However, there are still many scientists who are carrying out wave after wave of scientific innovation and have made outstanding and effective achievements in natural language understanding, computer vision, robots, expert systems and so on. 1972, French scientists discovered Prolog language, which became the most important artificial intelligence language after LISP language.
2.2.4 The second stage of development
With 1977 as the turning point, artificial intelligence entered the stage of knowledge-based development, and knowledge engineering quickly penetrated into all fields of artificial intelligence, pushing artificial intelligence towards practical application. Soon after, artificial intelligence has made outstanding achievements on the road of commercialization, showing tenacious vitality and broad application prospects, and has made great progress in key technical issues such as uncertain reasoning, distributed artificial intelligence, common sense knowledge representation, and practical application issues such as expert systems, computer vision, natural language understanding, and intelligent robots.
2.2.5 stable development stage
Due to the popularity of Internet technology, artificial intelligence has gradually developed from a single agent to a distributed agent. Until today, artificial intelligence has evolved to be complex and practical, which can solve multiple goals for multiple intelligent agents.
3 the application of artificial intelligence in mechanical and electronic engineering
Material and information are the two most fundamental factors in the development of human society. In the early days of human society, due to the low level of productivity, human society took material as the primary basis and relied only on? Knot a rope However, with the continuous development of social productive forces, the importance of information has been continuously discovered, and writing has become the most ideal way to convey information. In recent 50 years, the popularity of the Internet has brought new life to information transmission, and human beings have entered the information society. The development of the information society cannot be separated from the development of artificial intelligence technology. Whether it is the establishment and control of models or fault diagnosis, artificial intelligence plays a role in processing information in mechanical and electronic engineering.
Because of the inherent instability of mechatronics system, it is difficult to describe the input-output relationship of mechatronics system. The traditional description methods are: 1) the method of deducing mathematical equations; 2) the method of establishing rule base; 3) Methods of learning and generating knowledge. The traditional analytical mathematics method is rigorous and accurate, but it can only be applied to relatively simple systems, such as linear time-invariant systems. For those complex systems, because mathematical analytical expressions cannot be given, they can only be completed by operation. The system required by modern society is becoming more and more complex, which often processes several different types of information at the same time, such as digital information transmitted by sensors and expert language information. Because of the uncertainty and complexity of artificial intelligence processing information, knowledge-based artificial intelligence information processing method has become an alternative means of analytical mathematics.
The artificial intelligence system generally adopts two methods: neural network system and fuzzy reasoning system. Neural network system can simulate the structure of human brain, analyze digital signals and give reference values; Fuzzy inference system analyzes language signals by simulating the function of human brain. Both of them have similarities and differences in dealing with the relationship between input and output. The similarities are as follows: both of them approximate a continuous function with arbitrary accuracy in the form of network structure; The difference is that the physical meaning of neural network system is not clear, while the physical meaning of fuzzy reasoning system is clear; Neural network system adopts point-to-point mapping, while fuzzy reasoning system adopts domain-to-domain mapping; Neural network system stores information in a distributed way, while fuzzy reasoning system stores information in a regular way; Neural network system has a large amount of calculation because of the fixed connection between each neuron, while fuzzy reasoning system has a small amount of calculation because of the unfixed connection. The input and output precision of neural network system is high, showing a smooth surface, while the precision of fuzzy reasoning system is low, showing a ladder shape.
With the continuous development of society, simple artificial intelligence methods can no longer meet the growing social needs, and many scientists begin to study comprehensive artificial intelligence systems. Comprehensive artificial intelligence system adopts the method of combining neural network system and fuzzy reasoning system to learn from each other's strong points to obtain a more comprehensive description. Fuzzy neural network system is a successful example. Fuzzy neural network system realizes the maximum integration of the two functions, so that information can find a most suitable and complete expression space among all layers of the network. Logical reasoning rules can enhance the function of nodes, provide functional connections for neural network systems and maximize their functions.
4 conclusion
The continuous development of science brings not only the high refinement and deepening of disciplines, but also the high integration between disciplines. Artificial intelligence is the result of the intersection and synthesis of many disciplines. Adhering to this nature, artificial intelligence and mechanical and electronic engineering are naturally perfectly integrated, and the development of this new field will surely lead the world trend and promote the rapid development of productive forces.