Composition of link structure of keyword discussion link
China Library Classification Number G632 Document Identification Number A1674-4810 (2012)16-0070-01.
This article consists of several paragraphs. A paragraph of a good article is like a dish with good color and flavor. Just pleasing to the eye can make a table full of praise. The faults of inferior articles are often concentrated in certain paragraphs, for example, the words are meaningless or monotonous, and the words lack expressiveness; The connection between paragraphs is not close, or the content is fragmented; The level of the paragraph is chaotic, the preface does not match the latter, and there is no logic or logical confusion. Zhang Zhigong said: "In language expression, paragraphs are very important. It is almost certain that if you can write a paragraph well, you will certainly write an article well. Ignoring the training of paragraphs is an important reason why many students can't write well. " Therefore, paragraph training is very important. No matter how you write notes, people, things, or lyric, explanation, discussion and so on. You must always write paragraph by paragraph, write all the aspects that need to be written clearly, and pay attention to the cohesion between paragraphs, so as to form a good article. Below, the author talks about some superficial views on the argumentative paragraph writing of senior three candidates.
A complete discussion part generally has four links and can be divided into three parts. The first link puts forward this argument, which is the sub-argument. Usually there is only one concise sentence. Lu Ji, a literary critic in the Western Jin Dynasty, said in Wen Fu: "It is a good warning to make a film important." In other words, we should put important words in the key places of the article and make sentences that attract the full text. The second link revolves around the arguments in this paragraph or uses some examples, that is, only one example is used in a paragraph; Or use face examples, that is, at least two or more arguments are provided, and most of them provide three or more examples, which not only reflects the richness of the article materials, but also shows the profound significance of the article. The third part analyzes the argument and demonstrates the paragraph argument by using appropriate analysis methods. The fourth part reiterates and deepens the argument of this paragraph, but the language cannot be the same as the beginning part. These four links are generally indispensable, which is the standard paragraph argument. For example:
"Waste is like a burst river, and saving is like the mud of a swallow." As a court minister, Sima Guang has countless wealth, but he only earnestly warned his son to be "frugal and beautiful" and not "arrogant and extravagant". As a general of the Red Army, Fang Zhimin has handled tens of thousands of funds, but his most valuable personal property is only a pen; Zhou Enlai, as the prime minister of * * * and China, has worn out the sole of a pair of shoes three times, and the toothbrush is only half-hairy, and it can still be used. Even the towel for washing your face is patched. Only by adhering to "frugality" can we continue to win. A person, a company and a country are all the same. Poverty is frugal, and wealth is frugal.
This paragraph consists of four links: the first sentence begins with quoting proverbs; The second sentence gives three examples; The third sentence is reasoned by seeking common ground induction; At the end of the fourth sentence, reiterate the argument. Looking at this paragraph alone, it is almost a specific and subtle article, which is called a complete paragraph. The complete paragraph structure is clear, complete and expressive, which can well reflect the level of the article and the author's writing ideas. It is the most basic paragraph type, and it is also the necessary type to form an excellent argumentative essay in the examination room, so it is also the type that senior three candidates must master. Let's analyze four of the three parts of this complete paragraph with examples, and all four links are marked in the paragraph.
Only by setting a realistic goal can you lead you to the other side of your ideal. (The first link: statement of views) Seeking truth from facts means proceeding from one's own actual situation, without exaggeration or fantasy. Only by setting such a goal can we control our thoughts, release our vitality and inspire our hopes, thus leading the way to success. (Part II: Explanation of Viewpoint Sentence) Facing the old China where the economy was poor and backward and the Chinese people were numb, Lu Xun set the goal of awakening the Chinese people. He abandoned medicine and became a writer, and was praised as "soul of china" by later generations. Facing the calm expression of voters and the lack of enthusiastic applause. Lee Kuan Yew has set a goal of learning Chinese. He raced against time, studied hard and practiced hard, and was finally elected Prime Minister of Singapore because he spoke in Chinese. In the face of cold reception and humiliation, Gou Jian set the goal of revenge and revenge. He endured humiliation and finally became the overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period. (The third link: give an example to demonstrate) If Lu Xun did not set the goal of awakening the Chinese people according to the actual situation, but wrote for the sake of writing, could he write a thought-provoking article? If Lee Kuan Yew does not set the goal of learning Chinese according to the actual situation, but runs blindly, can he become a respected prime minister? If Gou Jian doesn't set the goal of revenge according to the actual situation, but drag out an ignoble existence, can he become the overlord of a generation? It can be seen that no matter what you do, you must have a goal, but it is more important to set a goal according to the actual situation, because this is the key to success or failure.
The structure of the above words consists of three parts. The first is the initial part. Put forward the theme or argument of this paragraph, which is called "the central sentence at the beginning of the paragraph". Usually it is just a very concise sentence. Under special circumstances, it can be two or three sentences. The second is the expansion part: around the arguments put forward in the initial part, provide case arguments or logical arguments, adopt a certain expansion method or expand in a certain order, and analyze and demonstrate the arguments. An example can be a more specific story or several facts. It should be noted that after giving an example, there must be intra-paragraph analysis. Analysis should stick to the argument, consciously highlight the consistency of facts and arguments, reveal the center of the argument with more words, and make the unity of materials and viewpoints more clear. Common analysis methods can be causal analysis, hypothesis analysis, meaning analysis, positive and negative comparison, point analysis, argument extension, post-case explanation, dialectical analysis, comparative analysis, essay instruction and so on. The extended part usually consists of one sentence group or several sentence groups. The third is the ending part. The logical conclusion drawn from the expansion part is a reaffirmation and deepening of the argument put forward in the initial part, but the language cannot be repeated with the initial part.
Senior three students need to train their logical thinking ability to write such a complete paragraph with three parts and four links. Because every complete paragraph has a clear argument, candidates can only have the ability to analyze and judge questions and refine arguments; Arguments must be able to demonstrate arguments, arguments must be able to analyze, candidates must have basic reasoning skills, find out the consistency of facts and arguments, and make materials and viewpoints highly unified.
Every paragraph in the main body of an argumentative paper should be wonderful and complete. When several such wonderful and complete paragraphs are connected together, a well-known argumentative paper is born, which is refreshing and unforgettable after reading.
[Editor: Gao Zhao]