Question 1:3000-word Marxist philosophical papers are moving towards 2 1 century, and human society is undergoing extensive and profound changes. The development of the world and China is in a critical period, and correspondingly, the development of Marxism is also in a critical period. The history of a century and a half after the birth of Marxism shows that whenever there is a major change in society, it often breeds the possibility of new development of Marxism in theory and practice. Under the condition of the coming new century, this possibility will undoubtedly be greatly enhanced. The extent to which the possibility of new development of Marxism in theory and practice becomes a reality will directly determine the attitude of Marxism towards the 2 1 century where opportunities and challenges coexist.

First of all, Marxist philosophy is the theory of development.

Marxism includes its foundation and core ―― Marxist philosophy is a theory of development, which is not a new idea, but the basic knowledge of Marxism. Engels said in a letter to a friend in 1887: "Our theory is a developing theory, not a dogma that must be memorized and mechanically repeated." (Note: Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 4, People's Publishing House, 1995, p. 68 1 page. According to this view, Engels once warned that it is a "misunderstanding" to think that people can find some unchanging, ready-made and forever applicable definitions in Marx's works (Note: Complete Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 25, page 17). )。

Marxist philosophy is a theory of development, which is determined by its nature: first, its practicality. The practicality of Marxist philosophy has two meanings: on the one hand, practice, especially the practice of millions of people, is the deepest source and motive force for the formation and development of all its theoretical viewpoints, and the correct theory must truly and timely reflect the development and changes of practice, and the practical viewpoint is the primary and basic viewpoint of Marxist philosophy; On the other hand, philosophy certainly wants to explain the world, but it is more fundamental to transform the world. To this end, it insists that theory must be constantly applied to practice, and finally be tested by practice in the process of guiding practice. Without infinitely rich and ever-changing social practice, Marxist philosophy will go to its opposite side. The second is science. On the one hand, Marxist philosophy is formed and developed on the basis of summing up, generalizing and absorbing all the achievements of modern science; On the other hand, Marxist philosophy itself is a scientific theory, not a religious doctrine. It treats all its theoretical viewpoints strictly from the "most tenacious facts" rather than from some transcendental concepts, principles and formulas. Third, opening up. Marxist philosophy is different from all old philosophies and some pretentious philosophies in the modern west. It never claims that it has ended the truth. It is true that Marxist philosophy has its own system, but this system is not closed, but open, which leaves an infinite space for future generations to constantly enrich and develop. The above characteristics of Marxist philosophy determine that it is possible and inevitable to develop with the development of real life.

To say that Marxist philosophy is a theory of development does not mean that the basic viewpoints of Marxist philosophy are unstable. /kloc-In the middle and later period of the 9th century, Marx and Engels stood on the most advanced working class position, and the basic viewpoint of the philosophical theory they founded was the summary and generalization of scientific development and human historical experience, including people's previous historical experience in philosophical thinking, which was proved to be correct in later social practice. These basic viewpoints include: the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism; Dialectical materialism epistemology; Dialectical historical materialism and so on.

These basic principles are valuable because they can be effectively applied to practice. When future generations master and apply these principles, of course, they should proceed from their own concrete reality. Therefore, even the basic principles of Marxism must be constantly enriched with new achievements of scientific development, new experiences and new understandings of human society, otherwise it will become a rigid dogma. This is proved by the development practice of China and other socialist countries and proletarian political parties that adhere to Marxism as the guiding ideology in the 20th century.

After Marxism was introduced into China in the early 20th century, Marxists in China had to oppose the erroneous view that China's national conditions were so "special" that Marxist historical materialism, class struggle theory and socialism theory were totally inapplicable. Through the scientific analysis of China's history and reality, Marxists have proved that China is special. & gt