Innovation is in the period of turning, discovery and revolution in the development of science and technology, like the era full of great discoveries when quantum theory was born at the beginning of this century; For example, when the transistor was invented in the late 1940 s and early 1950 s, and the double helix structure of DNA was discovered in the 1950 s, it created an exciting period different from biology Innovation is a scientific discovery, which will certainly create a new subject field and have a far-reaching impact on human understanding at the philosophical level. It is easy for academic circles to understand and appreciate the significance of these innovations during the scientific revolution.
This is not the focus of this article; This paper focuses on the papers written by ordinary scientific and technological personnel during the period of steady development of science and technology. What does its innovation mean? Please read the explanations in Nature and Science first. Nature thinks that innovation is the novelty of scientific research results and attracts people's attention (unexpected or surprising). This research seems to have a wide range of significance outside this field. Whether it is a report on an outstanding discovery or a first-hand report on the substantive progress of an important issue, scientists in other fields should be interested.
According to Science, innovation refers to putting forward new views on nature or theory, rather than re-demonstrating existing research conclusions. The content is exciting, inspiring and has a wide range of scientific interests. Specifically, it is to put forward innovative ideas in the research field that has been silent, make great progress in the very active research field, or merge the previously separated research fields. It is not difficult for readers to see that the above requirements are not easy to achieve. Even the papers published in these two journals can not all meet this requirement. If 65,438+00% of the papers can meet this requirement, it will be quite good. Obviously, this requirement is the goal of publishers and the highest standard of periodicals. For comparison, let's look at Bulletin of Science, China Science and Progress of Natural Science.
That is, creativity in basic research and applied research. High-level and significant latest research results. Readers may have noticed that the requirements for innovation here are different from those of Nature and Science, and it is not particularly emphasized that the content of the paper should arouse the wide interest of the scientific and technological circles. In the current popular words, it is a hot issue of widespread concern. As international scientific journals, Nature and Science should also be able to emphasize this point.
They can choose papers that meet this requirement from many submissions; However, domestic journals need to treat this requirement carefully according to their actual needs of scientific research and the whole background. In fact, with the increasing number of individual applications from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shen can establish scientific research projects according to his own expertise and the current scientific frontier progress at home and abroad, so it is not difficult to meet this requirement in time.
However, it should be pointed out that it is impossible for us to have only two famous international science weekly magazines, Nature and Science. There is no need to completely copy things that do not conform to the national conditions. After all, major papers or research results will certainly attract the attention of scientific and technological personnel in related fields. The author thinks that the scale of a paper or a research course is not necessarily large, but the research must be in-depth, the results must be profound, and the researchers' unique opinions must be reflected. There is no doubt that such a paper will be included in a high-level paper.
Readability The readability of scientific papers is very important and should be highly valued by the author. Readability is determined by the following factors:
1. Whether the research work has made substantial progress, whether the conclusions are reliable, whether the results are profound and enlightening, if they are phased results, what is the guiding significance for the follow-up research, and whether it is a prelude to important discoveries. You shouldn't start writing a paper if the research work doesn't get phased or final results. A good article can't be written by a boring research work anyway, so it can't be a readable article.
2. The author should make a complete conception of the paper and reflect strict logical thinking. When a research project gets results through long-term efforts, it should be as meticulous as an artist's conception of a work. Elaboration, discussion method, selection of content, elaboration of academic thought, introduction of research background, etc. It needs to be carefully scrutinized again and again to make the conclusion of the paper rigorous and substantial. The discussion is over. Strong logic. If we can't do this, it will be difficult to arouse readers' interest in reading.
3. In the way of discussion, we should be simple and clear, and express clearly. Concise. Technical terms should be accurate and consistent, and the language should be standardized and vivid.
4. Words and illustrations are properly matched. A considerable number of papers in China still have shortcomings in graphically explaining the direction of academic content with charts. With the popularization of computer three-dimensional visualization methods, the trend of using color maps and three-dimensional maps in the paper will increase, which can avoid too much text description and achieve better results.
5. Style and format of the paper. Although each journal has formulated a stylistic requirement that can reflect its own style and characteristics, generally speaking, academic journals have a stylistic requirement, that is, * * *, which is no stranger to readers. However, not many people really follow it seriously. The author may seldom think about such a question, why should academic journals put forward stylistic requirements? This is not something that can be treated at will. Style should not only ensure the standardization of the form of the paper, but also ensure the readability of the content, which is ignored by many authors.
Among them, the title, abstract and keywords of the paper basically determine whether the paper can be adopted by the journal and whether it can arouse readers' interest. China Physics Express, an excellent journal that has entered the scientific literature index, has repeatedly stated that this journal pays special attention to the title of the article. Compilation of abstract. The purpose is to improve the citation rate of articles. The title should clearly describe the content of the article and reflect the difference from other documents.
With regard to the article, first of all, it is required to briefly describe the theme, field and research object of the article. More importantly, the stricter requirement is to describe the theoretical or experimental results, conclusions and other meaningful viewpoints of the article clearly, clearly, concretely and briefly. It can be seen that these three can produce the finishing touch effect on a paper. A common problem in some domestic papers is that they like all-encompassing, big and empty titles, followed by exaggerated and empty details.
For example, a change law can be obtained from an observation; An algorithm can solve a NP problem, and so on. The listed keywords can't reflect the central theme of the paper, and they are not easy to find, so that readers have no interest in reading any more. From this, how to talk about the readability of essays? Please see how the second article "Nature" in the submission guide explains readability: the submission should be written clearly. Be concise, so that readers in other fields and readers whose mother tongue is not English can understand. Basic but professional terms should be explained concisely, but not didactic. Before submission, it is often useful to ask colleagues from other disciplines to express their opinions on the clarity and understandability of the final draft.
Editors of Nature often suggest revising and rewriting the abstract and the first paragraph (introduction) of papers. . . , and ensure that articles and pictures are clear and readable for readers who are not in this field. This clearly shows how important the readability of papers is, and it is often useful for nature magazines to provide clear and understandable opinions. Editors of Nature often suggest revising and rewriting the abstract and the first paragraph (introduction) of papers. . . , and ensure that articles and pictures are clear and readable for readers who are not in this field. This clearly shows how important the readability of the paper is.
Nature has repeatedly stated that the final decision on whether to use the paper belongs to the editorial department. Any manuscript that does not meet their requirements will be rejected without in-depth reading. There is a simple reason. In the case of a large number of contributions, it is impossible for an editor to spend too much energy and time dealing with a manuscript with poor readability. Speaking of readable items, it reminds me of a magnificent thing that has spread widely in mathematics. At the beginning of this century, Hilbert was famous for putting forward 23 mathematical topics. Someone asked him which three good math problems he had. Hilbert replied without hesitation: When walking with you in the morning, he can explain Chu's math problems to the first pedestrian you meet in 10 minutes. It can be seen that conciseness, clarity and understandability are the basic conditions of a paper.
Of course, Nature and Science are not professional magazines, and it is understandable to pay special attention to the readability of papers. Therefore, professional journals do not have to take readability seriously. The readable part actually means that readers can understand what problems you want to say and how to solve them after reading your article, and they don't need readers to fully understand all the contents of your paper. Therefore, professional journals also require papers to have readable parts. If a person
Information quantity is a word that comes from the field of communication, gradually becomes popular and is frequently used by the public and the media. Connecting with a scientific paper refers to how much information the paper itself can provide to readers on this topic in the case of limited space. The author saw in the submission specification of Chinese Journal of Physics that it means "give as much as possible".
Regarding the information of investigation, words such as investigation, study and discussion should be used as little as possible, and examples should be given to further illustrate, such as "the section is (6. 25? 0。 02) contains more information than "cross section measurement". Generally speaking, knowledge that may not be known before reading, or vague or inaccurate knowledge, not only gains new knowledge after reading this article, but also eliminates ambiguity or inaccuracy, indicating that this article contains more information. In short, the more new knowledge you gain after reading an article, the more information it contains. Obviously, the information of "multi-point measurement" is much less than that of "six-point measurement". The information given by the former is vague and inaccurate, while the latter is very clear. Exact information.
Now some famous journals at home and abroad have strict restrictions on the length of papers. What's the point? Obviously, new academic ideas, new experiments, new discoveries and other innovative achievements are the key to determine the amount of information in the paper. However, it is undeniable that the strict limitation of the length will urge the author to try his best to delete those contents that have little to do with the theme of the article. Faced with the limitation of the length, the author has to rethink the framework of the paper again and again. Choose the most important materials, adopt the most appropriate expression, and carefully scrutinize the narrative of the text. In this way, on the whole, the content of the paper is rich, the amount of information is increased, the theme is distinct, and the quality of the paper is improved accordingly.