Reflection on the Unknown (1): The argument is a bit biased.
The author describes all kinds of "unknown" phenomena, but fails to connect the unknown with the opportunity well.
Moreover, the argument is a bit biased. For example, when dealing with problems, we should not always follow the rules, but face them with an empty cup. But in fact, making rules can save a lot of time in the real process. Moreover, since the rules can be formulated and can continue to be used, it has the significance and value of his existence.
The author expands the unknown benefits and belittles the known disadvantages. For example, he said that the leader of a company discovered his company's current financial crisis, and his department executives knew nothing about these upcoming crises, which was terrible. After he found out, he saved the company together and made the company get new development. The crisis of the company may be both a turning point and bankruptcy. I think this has nothing to do with the unknown, but with the ability of company leaders.
Of course, I agree with him. Sometimes we need to get out of our comfort zone and meet challenges. There is no need to panic when we meet the unknown and have no idea. Maybe he will be an opportunity. Eggs are always wrapped in a confused coat. Don't run away, accept it bravely.
It can only be said that this theory is only a small point, and many arguments are far-fetched enough to write a book.
Reflections on the Unknown (2): What does the unknown mean for innovation?
Picking up "unknown", I interrupted several times, because the expression of "unknown" here is "unknown". When you patiently read the first part, you can't help but list this book as intensive reading. When we are complacent about our knowledge, we have actually fallen into the paradigm of painting the ground as a prison, and we will judge the things around us with our own proficient views and materials; When we affirm ourselves for our position, we have actually become faithful guardians of the old rules, which have had a negative impact on our colleagues and friends around us and hindered their doubts and challenges. This is the other side of knowledge-the cover of knowledge-which is the theme of friedrich hayek's speech on the podium of 1974 Nobel Prize in Economics. In his speech, he explicitly opposed any person or organization to make decisions based on the completely rational assumption of classical economic theory. Studies have repeatedly shown that relying on experts' predictions will cause many problems, not to mention that experts often make mistakes.
Essence view
In The Unknown, Steven Dede Sousa, associate professor of IE Business School of Business School, and Diana Leonard, director of the Unknown Laboratory, lead us from the known world to the edge of the unknown, and how to cultivate and apply this negative orientation ability in the unknown world.
First of all, the author broke the traditional thinking that knowledge is power and pointed out that the danger of knowledge is manifested in three aspects:
First, the potential danger brought by knowledge is the path dependence brought by knowledge, which often leads to self-righteous and self-righteous thinking patterns; Second, the invisible imprisonment brought by administrative status and social prestige is to make a decision reluctantly; Third, with the expansion of personal and social cognition, the unknown field of vision is also expanding, and we are still used to "in a word".
Secondly, figuratively comparing the unknown to Finisterre Angle means reaching the edge of the known, and deeply explaining why we are afraid of the unknown. On the one hand, we instinctively avoid and reject the unknown, showing signs of sex; On the other hand, we lack methods and means for the unknown, which makes us feel helpless. You can use the known knowledge and experience to face the unknown in a hurry, or you can look at the unknown world with a relaxed attitude and thinking, and abandon the existing labels and frames. It can be understood as intuition plus logic to realize the creation of "perceiving the next step"!
Third, people have the ability to master knowledge, but also have the ability to "empty" knowledge, that is, to clean up their old knowledge, pedantic ideas and assumptions. This ability is dubbed "negative" by the author. That is to say, only by combining the positive abilities characterized by knowledge, skills and abilities with the negative abilities characterized by silence, patience, doubt and humility can we open up a space for learning and creation in the marginal areas.
Wonderful summary
1) More than 50 years of research shows that human beings have an uncontrollable addiction and always think that they are "above average" in almost all aspects. (P 13)
2) Abundant self-confidence based on one's own ability level is essential for survival and development in this world. (P 13)
3) Experts often rely too much on what they have, but they don't doubt or admit their ignorance. (P 15)
4) While enterprises are constantly looking for competitive advantages, they are also constantly looking for talents with professional knowledge, which leads the public to take depth rather than breadth as the learning goal in various formal and informal learning processes. (P 16)
5) Specialization has advantages, but it also has risks; The more capable we are, the easier it is to fall into the "curse of knowledge". (P 16)
6) The more we know about a particular field, the more difficult it is to generalize it in a neutral way so that everyone can understand its essence. (P 17)
……
More exciting, savor it yourself and read it yourself.
reaction to a book or an article
At the moment when entrepreneurship has become a topic and trend, reading the Unknown carefully will let us know more.
There are three unknowns: first, our own limitations in learning and experience can be made up by learning in the social knowledge system; The second is the misunderstanding and illusion of self-knowledge. People often solidify their thinking and enlarge their self-function because they have knowledge in a specific field, but they are willing to think and solve problems with existing thinking and methods. Third, the whole social system is unknown and cannot be effectively shared and supported.
The unknown inspires us that if we try our best to touch the "unknown" world on the edge of the known, there will be more surprises and growth. In other words, you will have more opportunities. From the perspective of innovation, we can distinguish the "known" and "unknown" of personal position thinking and experience, and predict and even assert the future results of "known" and "unknown". In addition to repeating the process of expected results with existing knowledge and experience, the process of organizing, constructing, integrating and upgrading in an uncertain way can be considered as innovation!
But in the face of the future, we often hope to turn to the known knowledge system and authoritative conclusions to make ourselves more stable or even "strong", but the result is conservative. Interestingly, a rookie in an industry sometimes becomes a black swan that subverts the situation. Erin brockovich is a movie based on real people, which has given the world a vivid first lesson.
In this world, innovation means being different, but being different does not mean being innovative! Because our default innovation is to discuss it in the business field. This means creating new value, or improving the original operation mode to achieve local optimization; Or break the original value chain and improve the overall efficiency; Or subvert the original ecological chain to achieve upgrading and evolution.
Therefore, in the process of innovation, we must do a good job of exploration, confirm the uniqueness of our plans, work and works, and improve, upgrade and even subvert the entire business order. Otherwise, we will pay the price for such carelessness because of our own limitations, prejudice and even ignorance, instead of really coming into contact with the "unknown". "Unknown" just locks the characteristics of "uncertainty" and provides us with effective clues to grasp our own opportunities.
For a person who really pursues innovation, Unknown is a rare methodological work, which helps us get out of the blind spot. Here I want to say:
Small innovations rely on inspiration. Great innovation depends on system.
On the road of innovation, don't cling to the * * * brought by simple labels, and such * * * will soon be lost. The uncertainty behind the unknown is the opportunity! Only by thinking personally and using the systematic ability of the team can we turn opportunities into success.
Reflection on the Unknown (3): Opportunity: the loss of certainty-turning uncertainty into possibility.
They are all convinced.
A sudden passion brought them together.
This determination is beautiful,
But uncertainty is more beautiful until.
-wisawa szymborska
We always try to avoid the unknown and try to find clear answers to all questions. Sometimes the unknown and uncertain can make people feel heavy, melancholy and confused. But uncertainty also means that we can find a world full of possibilities from the unknown. Barry wrote in real work.
"Maybe when we are helpless, we have a meaningful job. When we don't know which way to go, we have embarked on a real journey. A mind that is not confused is lifeless. A blocked stream will make a clear sound. " The unknown is power.
Bacon said that knowledge is power. Knowledge can bring rights, status and reputation. Since childhood, we have witnessed the advantages brought by knowledge in our study, work and life. In the past few decades, the great progress made by mankind-the improvement of production efficiency, the improvement of living standards and the extension of average life expectancy-has directly benefited from the breakthrough in "professional knowledge" made by mankind. For individuals, knowledge not only improves income and social status, but more importantly, a certain knowledge reserve makes us more confident and do our job more easily. What we get from knowledge and certainty is not only these external rewards, but also the satisfaction with certainty has been deeply engraved in our genes. Being in uncertainty will cause great psychological anxiety, and our rational thinking forces us to find a definite answer.
Take chestnuts for example. The left and right brains of human beings have a division of labor (the left brain is more rational and the right brain is more emotional), but they can cooperate with each other. But for some special patients, their left and right brains can't work together, and neuroscientists can dig out quite interesting information from them. In an experiment, scientists showed a picture of chicken feet to the patient's left brain and a picture of snow to the right brain. In the subsequent experiment, the patient was asked to point out what he saw from some pictures. His right hand (controlled by his left brain) points to a chicken, but at the same time his left hand (controlled by his right brain) points to a snow shovel. The most amazing thing is that when asked why he chose chicken and snow shovel at the same time, the patient replied, "Chicken has something to do with chicken feet, and cleaning the henhouse requires a shovel." The human left brain not only deals with language ability, but also tries to find a reasonable explanation for behavior phenomena when it can't get information from the right brain.
In fact, no "knowledge" is certain. Heisenberg, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, once said that physics does not describe nature, but reflects our understanding of nature. We often blindly think that our understanding of the world is the same as the world itself, which is a dangerous illusion. In a sense, some knowledge may not exist, and it is these uncertain unknowns that are the source of strength for human progress. We have a new understanding of the world, based on our dissatisfaction with existing knowledge. Therefore, the unknown is the driving force of human progress.
Ask a good question
"If I have an hour to solve a problem, and my life depends on the answer to this question, then I will spend 55 minutes to find the right question first. As long as I can determine this problem, I can solve it in 5 minutes. " -Albert Einstein Great pressure from the unknown deeply supports our rational thinking. Faced with an unknown problem, we often hope to solve it in the fastest way. However, many times we ask the wrong questions, not the wrong answers. 1823, a famous astronomer asked a very interesting question: "Why is the night sky black?" This seemingly nonsense question makes people look stupid. The complete statement of this question is that if the universe is stable and infinite, and all the luminous planets are randomly distributed, then all the positions in the universe should be equally bright, no matter day or night, no matter where, then why does the sky on the earth look black at night? This inference can be proved by mathematical methods, but all we see is the black night sky, so there is only one possibility that the universe is not stable and infinite. The answer to this question is therefore used as a supporting argument for the origin of BIGBANG and the theory of cosmic expansion. There are poems as evidence:
The stars are endless.
Then the background sky will show consistent light.
As shown in the Milky Way.
Because there will be no absolute point.
In this context.
The stars will cease to exist
Therefore, in this case.
The only pattern
We can realize this.
Our telescope found gaps in countless directions.
Will assume an invisible background.
Because of the distance.
Light will never reach us.
-Poe, 1848 "I see"
A good question can make us think about uncertain The Secret Behind instead of taking certain knowledge for granted. Give another example of a good question.
Reflection on the Unknown (IV): When we are at a loss, we embark on a journey.
It took me five days to finish reading this book, and I began to re-examine my present work and "three views" and asked myself whether my past and future were work or life.
At the beginning of the book Unknown, there are all kinds of negative statements about the knowledge, specialty and tradition you know and master, such as "the power of knowledge", "the conformity of tradition" and "the limitation of specialty". Different roles in different industries have clear examples. From the negative discussion of "the danger of knowledge" to the absolute belief in one's "known certainty", it gradually shifted to the suspicion of one's "known" and then began to explain the unknown of "uncertainty". We have found possibilities and opportunities in exploring and dabbling in unfamiliar fields, and have different angles and ways of thinking in dealing with problems.
For students who are about to graduate from college and are looking for jobs, colleagues who are confused about their jobs and want to resign, colleagues who are unemployed and looking for jobs, and friends who are confused in the future, this book can play a positive role in pointing out and understanding the current situation of problems. When we face the unknown, there is a powerful force to compete with us, and this is precisely what makes us entangled in the uncertainty of the present situation and the future; There is an inherent thinking mode and problem perspective for re-examining yourself or jumping out of the existing circle (working environment) into an "unknown" unfamiliar environment. What we need is to break this "old" view, re-recognize ourselves and society.
Unknown is such a book. When we are at a loss, we only meet meaningful jobs. When we don't know which way to go, we embark on a real journey; * * * with everyone.