Wen Jian was a scholar for two years. Grant Dehua county order.
Through the official department, he is the doctor of Changde. Xuanzongchu, Zhuo Guizhou provincial judge.
Get rid of traitors and talk about current politics. Under the old system, the envoys of the governor's office abroad were bound to be annexed from within, obeyed by the capital and dared not defend them.
Even the military government was immersed in the horizontal, and the messenger carried Guan Chi past the guards and beat the army to pieces. In the seventh year of Xuande, he stood firm. loudly speak said, "Reconnaissance is necessary to prevent fraud.
Today, the people sent to Guizhou by the right military government did not follow the plot, and the villains were desperate for the situation, so they cheated and took risks to do something from the province. "Xuanzong politely, viceroy Zheng Chen lead sin.
The emperor ordered the ministries to protect forever, and the military government smashed it. Shanyun Town in Guangxi is for barbarians. Long live, Guizhou troops were transferred. When there were many fugitives in the Spring and Autumn Period, they took the original guards to make up for them, but did not drive away the fugitives.
Lu: "Guizhou is surrounded by Miao people and the army is weak. What is urgent and defensive? " Today, the garrison fled to Guangxi to make up for the garrison. Over the past few years, the troops in Guizhou have been exhausted and the border has been troubled. "
The emperor ordered Yun to severely punish the defenders in Guangxi, chase the deserters and send them back as soon as they were used up. Stop guarding Guizhou.
Yun, a famous soldier, made contributions to the town of Guangdong and was a scholar. In the first year of orthodoxy, Lu Ping broke the cloud and seized power, making a fortune, and the emperor made Yun recruit himself.
Cloud frightened, lead to sin. The emperor made a mistake.
Next year, this book will talk about four things. First, Zhenyuan Sixth Hospital, from Huguang to Guizhou, when eating Sichuan salt.
Shu Road is far away, so it is convenient to eat Huai salt. First, Chongqing has the support of the army and health food, and it is easy to spend more money because of the fatigue of travel. Please transport autumn grain from Zhenyuan to Huguang nearby.
First, stop the Liping office from running yellow and white wax at the beginning of the year. First, Guizhou is newly opened, and the monthly salary of the three companies is only one stone. The grain is getting richer today, please increase it.
Then follow it. When it comes to official business, the case is not given.
It's annoying to walk in peace. Please give it to the post office. In addition, the army is insufficient, please make the flag of the guards commit miscellaneous deaths, and all of them will be sent to the town to make meritorious deeds and return to the army at the expiration of the period; Border guards who commit theft and local officials and civilians who despise crimes should go to places where there is a lack of storage to make amends.
Then follow it. Moving to Yunnan for three years is not correct.
When Lu Chuan fought, he fought hard again and again. Eight years as an official.
Ying Luping is from Fenghua County. In the second year of Wen Jian (1400), he was admitted to Jinshi.
Appointed Dehua county magistrate. He used to be a doctor in the official department and went out to Beijing to be a magistrate in Changde.
In the early years of Xuanzong, he was promoted to Guizhou provincial judge. Wherever he went, he eradicated traitors and moths and talked about current politics many times.
According to the old system, when the Governor sent envoys outside, they had to verify the contract within their jurisdiction and go down to the Governor, but they were afraid to go down to Fu Wei. At this time, the military government gradually became arrogant, and the messenger took Guan Wen everywhere and went to Zhu Wei's house to exploit the sergeant.
In the seventh year of Xuande (1432), he wrote to the emperor bluntly: "(The imperial court) stipulated the deed of verification to prevent forgery and deception. Nowadays, the emissaries sent by the right military government to Guizhou do not abide by the old system, and the villains are so strong and violent. How can we save (prevent) counterfeiting and fraudulent insurance! " Xuanzong thought he spoke very well, and Zheng Chen confessed.
The emperor ordered all departments to keep the government forever, so the military government stopped. Shan Yun guards Guangxi because he is on guard against barbarians. Ten thousand soldiers are transferred from Guizhou every year, and times change. Many people who fled back to Guangxi were replenished from the original guards and did not recover those who escaped.
Lv Ping wrote: "Guizhou is surrounded by Miao people and its army is weak. In case of emergency, who will fight and guard? " Now the guards have fled to Guangxi, supplemented by Weifang's sergeant. After a few years (later), all the troops in Guizhou withdrew, and border disputes were about to happen. "
The emperor ordered Yunshan to strictly order all government offices in Guangxi to recover deserters until they had fought enough and then sent them home. Stop (transfer) soldiers from Guizhou.
A famous soldier, who has rendered meritorious service in guarding eastern Guangdong, is despised as a scholar. In the first year of orthodoxy (1860), Shan Yun was impeached and stepped down, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered Shan Yun to write a letter.
Shan Yun was frightened and admitted his guilt. The emperor forgave him.
The next year, the book said four things. First, Zhenyuan Sixth Hospital, from Huguang to Guizhou, should eat Sichuan salt (according to regulations).
It's far from Shu Road, so it's convenient to eat Huai salt. Second, the military and health food were withdrawn from Chongqing, and the boat was blocked. Only a small amount of food (transportation) can be brought at a time, which is very expensive. Request to use Zhenyuan autumn grain to transport it to Huguang for support.
Third, stop the Liping government from handling yellow wax and white wax every year. Fourth, Guizhou has just started construction, and the monthly salary of the third division is only one stone. Now that food is gradually abundant, we request to increase supply.
(The Emperor) listened to (these suggestions). At that time, I went on a large-scale business trip to the central government agencies, and no mail car was provided according to regulations.
It should be written that hiring a car and a boat will definitely disturb the people and request (the court) to supply the post car. Due to the shortage of sergeants, those who requested to order Wei officers and soldiers to commit various capital crimes and exile crimes were transported to the border town to make amends and returned to the army at the expiration of the period; If the border town sergeant commits theft, and the natives, officials, people and their families commit misdemeanors, they can (can) import millet from the military station lacking (grain) reserves to atone for their sins.
(The Emperor) listened to (these suggestions). Three years later, he was promoted to Yunnan Zuobuzheng.
At that time, Lu Chuan used soldiers (fighting) and repeatedly reported his exploits. Resigned and returned to Beijing eight years later.
2. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the first question of the next question. D the meaning here should be "gist", which refers to the general idea and theme of the article.
This sentence is broken from the second question: observing the statutes, not telling jokes, sitting all day long, without the body of a military commander, but being narrow-minded and arrogant, which is a loss.
Sentence breaking in classical Chinese is mainly to find the verbs on the basis of understanding the general idea, which is an important symbol for verbs to judge the pause of sentences. From whether the verb and the noun behind it constitute a verb-object structure, and whether there are modifiers or phrases in front of the verb, we can divide pauses, such as the first pause, and respect the law. To respect shoes is to observe, and it is a verb. Observe what? There must be an object behind it, that is, statutes, so it must be closely related here. Words are not a joke, words refer to words, and what we are talking about here is another thing, which is no longer the content of the observed object, so we should separate it. So, how about talking? A joke is a joke, that is, this person is serious and doesn't joke. "No kidding" is the complement of "words". How about "words" Words are no joke. So these four words are inseparable. This is the second point, analyze the structure of words and phrases to see if they constitute sentences. Behind: sitting from morning till night without a military commander's figure, narrow-minded, aggressive, and suspected of belittling others, which is a loss. There are several important pause symbols in it: there are verbs, do; However, there are related words indicating turning points; There are related words to explain the reasons. There must be a pause before and after these words. First, sit down. Let's see if there are any modifiers before the verb sit. There is a final word in front of the seat, which means correct. Does correct mean sitting? Apparently, it means he sits up straight. Since the verb is modified, it must be inseparable. Look ahead, from. . To. . . It means time, that is, from morning till night. This is a relatively complete phrase structure, used as an adverbial, so it can be separated from sitting in the back. Sitting in the back is all day, which means all day. This is a sitting object. Sitting all day is inseparable. The last sentence means: quiet without the demeanor of a military commander, but narrow-minded, suspicious, often look down on themselves, and suffer greatly. If you understand the meaning, the pause is easy to understand, and there must be a pause before the conjunction indicating the turning point.
3. Translation of Classical Chinese When I was young, I read a book in the west of Yanghuitang, bent down to read, looked back, thought about it and circled around the room. There are depressions in the room with a wide diameter. Every pair of shoes is full of hardships. It's a long time and it's safe.
One day, the first gentleman came to sit in the room, said a word, and said with a smile, "What will happen to the country and the world if one room can't cure it?" Tell the boy to level the soil.
When the heir began to spin again, he was suddenly surprised, such as when the earth rose and looked down, he was calm and flat. It's back. And then solve it. Hey!
Then he sighed and said, "There are so many people in the study."
In the following sentences, there are two incorrect interpretations of additional words: ()
A leans over to read a book, while leaning back and thinking (bowing his head). B followed his footsteps and suddenly walked in shock (wearing shoes).
C think about it and do something (right away) D Calm is dull (already).
Translate sentences
It's been a long time, but it's safe
What a learned man!
Note: This one is a little different from others. Please help.
According to legend, one day, Sean was walking on the bridge and met an old man.
I saw the old man deliberately throw his shoes down from the bottom of the bridge and slowly said to Sean, "Young man, go down and pick up my shoes!" "Sean feel too suddenly, want to come forward to teach the old man a lesson, but because of old age, don't have the heart to start, so we have to get off the bridge to get shoes. After taking the shoes, the old man asked Sean to put them on again. Sean knelt in front of the old man and carefully helped him put on his shoes.
After the end, the old man did not thank him, but left with a smile. After a while, the old man came back and said to Sean, "You can teach me, and I will meet you at dawn in five days."
The second meeting was interrupted because Sean was late. On his third midnight date, Sean left before the old man. The old man gave Sean a book and said to him, "If you read this book, you will become the king's teacher. 10 years later, the world was in chaos.
You will meet me in 13. I am in Huangshi (now southwest of Pingyin, Shandong Province) at the foot of the ancient city. "Say that finish will go soon.
Sean is very strange. When he read a book the next morning, he realized that the title of the book was The Art of War (Squire, Jiang Taigong, Zhou Wuwang's strategist). Sean read this book day and night, and finally became a "think tank" with profound understanding, resourcefulness and both civil and military skills.
10 years later, the Chen Sheng uprising broke out. 13 years later, Sean arrived in Gucheng, and there was a statue of Huangshi at the foot of the mountain. The old man's prophecy miraculously came true. Although this story was invented by later generations, he praised Sean's cleverness.
Su Shi once commented on Sean's self-restraint in On Hou, saying: "Death is not surprising, anger is not without reason."
5. Who can translate the classical Chinese translation?
When Liu Rong was young, he studied in a room on the west side of Yanghui Hall. He bowed his head and looked up and thought. When he couldn't think of anything, he got up and walked around the room. There is a depression in the house, which is one foot in diameter and getting bigger and bigger. Every time I set foot on this place, my feet seem to trip. After a long time, you will get used to it.
One day, my father came home and saw it. He smiled and said, "If you can't manage a room well, why should you manage the affairs of the world and the country?" He ordered the little servant to fill it with dirt. Later, when Liu Rong set foot on this place again, he almost fell down and was shocked. As if the soil on the ground suddenly rose, he looked down at the ground, flat and level, and (the original depression) had been filled in. And that's it. After a long time, I got used to it again.
Alas! Habit is very powerful for a person! (at first) walking on the flat ground can't adapt to the concave ground; After a long time, walking on the concave ground is like walking on the flat ground, so even if the concave ground is filled as flat as before after a long time, it will be hindered and unsuitable. Therefore, a gentleman should be cautious in his studies from the beginning.
6. Reading Classical Chinese 1:D 1: Can you still govern the country if you can't manage a room well? Small problem 1: Later, I recovered/suddenly shocked/suddenly swollen. Small problem 1: Habits are hard to change, and the most important thing in learning is to be cautious about the beginning.
When a person studies, the habits in the initial stage are very important. ) From the perspective of "cultivating good habits".
1:D means "trample". Question 1: This question examines students' ability to translate classical Chinese.
It is required to have the ability to implement keywords, not to omit them, but also to be coherent with the context, and sometimes to make up for the missing subjects, and at the same time to seize the keywords. 1 Question: This question examines the pause in reading sentences.
Generally speaking, the principle of structure and meaning can be adhered to in dividing the reading pause of sentences. Question 1: This question examines the ability to understand the article.
It is enough to make sense by combining the understanding of the article.
7. Translation of the original classical Chinese from the theory of habit.
When Rong was young (2), the reading library was located in a room (3) in the west. He leaned down to read (4), recalled the past, thought about success (5) and walked around the room (6). There is a depression in the room, the diameter is (7), and the immersion degree is gradually increased (8). Each step (9) is filled with (10). It's a long time and it's safe.
One day, the first gentleman came to sit in the room, said a word, took a look at ①, and smiled (12): "How can we rule the country and level the world?" (13). Gu ②(22) means that boys can borrow clay dolls ③ (14).
After Rong returned to his own land, he was shocked like a sudden uplift of the soil. Looking down, it is calm and flat. It's been repeated for a long time.
Hey! People who are studying are very awkward! Step on the ground, not with the depression; For a long time, if depression is flat; If it lasts for a long time, it will fidget. Therefore, the learning of a gentleman is based on prudence.
2 Annotate the translation
Annotation of works
Say: a style, you can make comments or take notes.
Rong: The author calls himself. Young: young, young.
Yanghuitang: Liu Rong's house name is in Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province.
Bow: bow your head.
Fred: I have no experience.
Spin: wander.
Diameter: one foot in diameter.
Immersion (qρn) is more and more extensive: it is expanding outward every day.
Footwear: stepping and walking.
If: all the time. Rudder (zhi?): I tripped.
The first gentleman: the father who claimed to be dead. First, the honorifics used when addressing the deceased predecessors.
? C: Look.
Why ... why: nothing to talk about. ...
Boy: Little servant. Ping: Fill it in.
Zhu Lan: Suddenly.
Calm: the ground is flat.
It's already started.
Zhòng people: Suitable for people, it is here that people are influenced. Medium-deep influence.
Fitness: adaptation.
So: the reason.
Stubborn: The appearance of being hindered. To stifle, hinder. Ning: Peace.
? C: Look back.
Xi: Habit, habit.
Language: I talked to him.
Immersion is getting wider and wider: it is getting bigger and bigger.
Not suitable for depression: unable to adapt to depression.
If the depression is flat, then the depression is like a flat land.
To stifle: hinder.
Start cautiously: Be cautious from the beginning.
Translation of works
Liu Rong, a writer in Qing Dynasty, studied in a room on the west side of Yanghui Hall when he was young. (Liu Rong) He lowered his head to study. When he doesn't know anything, he looks up and thinks. When he couldn't think of the answer, he paced up and down the room. There is a hole in this house, which is one foot in diameter and getting bigger and bigger. Every time I pass by, Liu Rong will trip over. At first, Liu Rong felt awkward, but after a long time, he got used to it.
One day, my father came home, looked around and found that there were potholes on the ground of the house. He smiled and said to Liu Rong, "You can't even manage a family well. How can you govern the country? " Then ask the servant to fill in the hole.
After his father left, Liu Rong began to walk around the house again, reading and thinking. When he walked to the original pothole, he felt the ground suddenly rise. He was surprised and looked down. The ground was flat. Liu Rong walked awkwardly, and many geniuses gradually got used to it.
Alas! Habit has a very powerful influence on people! If you step on the flat ground, you can't adapt to the potholes; After a long time, depression seems to be flat; Even to fill the long-standing pit and restore the original state is considered as an obstacle and can't adapt. Therefore, the most important thing for a gentleman to learn is to be cautious. [ 1]
3 Appreciation of works
This article is selected from Yang Huitang's Poems. The article mainly adopts the way of narration and discussion, revealing a truth: for a person, whether it is to cultivate good habits or overcome bad habits, it should start from adolescence; Because this period is the initial stage of forming various habits, it is easy to cultivate good habits and overcome bad habits. As the article says: "Therefore, the learning of a gentleman is more important than prudence." Moreover, when a person is studying, the habits in the initial stage are also very important. When a gentleman studies, it is important to treat the habit formation in the initial stage with caution.
8. The translation of classical Chinese has arrived, formerly known as Jing, Ziduan, from Zezhou, Shaanxi. Shunzhi 15 years Jinshi, choose Jishi Shu. It was selected from Shuntian Tongzhou by the Science Museum and Chen Jing, and the word "Pavilion" was added to show the difference. For eighteen years, I will try my best to stay with the examiner and seek reexamination from the secretariat. In the first year of Kangxi, he returned to the original official for four years. Reluctantly moved to the academician courtyard to grant a bachelor's degree and fill in the day to talk about the official. In fourteen years, he was a bachelor of cabinet, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and a banquet officer, and changed to a bachelor of the Imperial Academy to teach. Zhang Yingri, a bachelor, went straight to Hongde Hall to offer sacrifices to his ancestors. Lashali, a bachelor of Ho Ying Palm College, gave fifty minks and two satin inside and outside. Seventeen years, life straight south to study. Mother Ding was worried, so she sent officials to offer condolences and gave tea and wine. Remove the old officials. Twenty-one years, the code will try. In Nanping, Yunnan, it was decided that the court would swallow music and order the court to write and learn from it. Assistant minister of relocation. know
Twenty-three years, the official department transferred the money law of the household department. My humble opinion: "Money has cast weight since ancient times, and it has remained unchanged for decades. It's easy to get a thousand dollars from the Bank of Japan, and now it's only 900 dollars, which is a waste of money and copper. In the tenth year of Shunzhi, due to the stagnation of money, the old one was changed to two cents and five cents, and in the seventeenth year it was increased to four cents, so Du privately cast it. Today's private casting is free, it should be lighter, and I can't help but commit suicide. Where copper is produced, it is advisable to stop collecting taxes and listen to the people. Then there will be more copper and the currency price will be flat. " Carefully consider the second half of the discussion. archaic
Zuo Zuo Zuo Shiyu. A few words: "clothes, horses, clothes and utensils of ancient people should not be more expensive than small ones." Up to now, dignity has not been distinguished, extravagance has not been removed, silk weaving, flowers and plants, insects and fish, and the times are new and different. Because the rich have no goods, the poor are ashamed of it and benefit is forbidden. It was not frugal at first, and it was not cheap later. Please ask the courtiers to strictly apply for customization in order to pull the wind. " He added: "Fang's most important task now is the governor's people. As a governor, he doesn't want to move his heart for the benefit, and then he can be honest with Li Dong. If an official is not happy, he can add color to the people; People can learn to feed themselves, feed themselves and then teach others. It is right for the governor to sponsor state and county officials. There should be no increase in fire consumption, no lawsuit, and no reduction in wealth. Convene people to explain Oracle Bone Inscriptions every month, so that knowledge and achievements can be emphasized here. The emperor visited the viceroy and taught his officials to be clean and honest. Officials have to devote themselves to raising the people, teaching them to be able, and being simple and inexpensive. " He also said: "Yao He's world is not exhausted, but we urgently need to prepare for it, so the people rely on it without fear. Last year, Shandong reported a flood, and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development initially discussed the implementation of the survey, and then ordered local competition. In April this year, it was re-approved. If he comes back late, the example he sets will be natural. I think the score of the disaster is well documented, that is, it is appropriate to have impunity, to publicize the meaning of the people, to comfort Wang Zezhi, and not to make the relationship between the government and the people a sin. " Discuss and negotiate. room
Twenty-five years, moved to the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. He and the bachelor Xu met in the Collection of Ancient Records, and he was honored for his long-term governance. Revise and compile the sacred precepts, political codes, general plans, unified records and Ming history of the Three Dynasties, and be the chief executive officer. Tired of transferring officials. In 27 years, the Ministry of Justice arrested Zhang Shu, governor of Huguang, who paid bribes in Beijing. Prison is urgent, and the language is related to Tingjing, Shangshu Xu Xueqian and James Gao Shiqi. Don't ask. Ting Jing based on his elders, begged for help, ordered him to dismiss from office, and still managed to repair books. owner
Twenty-nine years, leaving the empire, transferred to the ministry of industry ministers, punishment department. Ding Fu is worried that he serves the official department. In forty-two years, Bai Wenyuan Pavilion was a college student and an official department, and he still had a feast. In forty-four years, the squire made a southern tour, summoned examiners and ordered him to read the text. In forty-nine years, I asked for sick leave and granted it. Zhang Yushu, a university student, died and Li Guangdi was ill, so he called Ting Jing to serve in the cabinet. In fifty-one years, when he died, he wrote a poem in person and ordered the third son of Emperor to drink tea and pour wine. He also ordered the ministers of the Ministry to attend his funeral, gave him 1000 platinum and buried his virginity. know
At the beginning, he was called a saint for giving pomegranate poems. Later, he wrote a collection of poems called Yachun, which gave the poem a name. It was Wang Shizhen who tried to call courtiers to ask who could write poems. Wang Wan was famous for his erudition and literature. Above the imperial gate, Jiuqing was called to raise an upright official, and the ministers went their own way, but the words were not finished. On special issues, Ting Jing said: "Lu and Shao Siyao, the magistrate of a county, are both honest officials. Although they have different forms of governance, their honesty is one. " It's all advice. At the beginning, the imperial court honored these two men, but still said, "They are honest and rigid, but they are easily broken, full of complaints and afraid of the public." Ting Jing said, "Guo Xi 'an's worries, though broken and resentful, are harmless?"