* * * The Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation.
Some opinions on continuously enhancing the supply guarantee capacity of agricultural products.
(abstract)
20 12 the general requirements of agricultural and rural work are:-to further strengthen the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers, strive to win a good agricultural harvest, work together to increase farmers' income, and strive to maintain rural social harmony and stability.
First, increase investment and efforts to continuously promote the stable development of agriculture.
1. Do a good job in grain production without relaxation. To ensure the effective supply of agricultural products, we must first stabilize grain production and ensure that there is no landslide. It is necessary to earnestly implement the "rice bag" governor's responsibility system, continue to carry out actions to stabilize grain production, do everything possible to stabilize the grain planting area, expand the production of scarce varieties, and strive to improve output and quality. Continue to implement the national plan to increase the grain production capacity by 1000 billion Jin, and accelerate the improvement of the production capacity of 800 major grain-producing counties (cities, districts and cities). We will continue to implement the high-yield grain science and technology project and the demonstration project of breeding new super rice varieties. Support superior producing areas to strengthen the construction of cotton, oilseed and sugar production bases, further optimize the layout, pay attention to unit yield and improve efficiency. We will further promote the establishment of high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar, actively expand the scale, and select counties and townships with good basic conditions and great potential for increasing production to vigorously carry out the whole system establishment. Vigorously support the development of technical guidance and production services for disaster prevention and mitigation in key agricultural seasons and key regions, accelerate the specialization and unified prevention and control of crop pests and diseases, and improve the support policies for major pest control.
2. Pay close attention to the supply of "vegetable basket" products. To grasp the "vegetable basket", it is necessary to build a vegetable garden and manage the food stalls. It is necessary to speed up regional layout, standardized production and large-scale planting and breeding, and improve the overall supply guarantee ability and quality and safety level of "vegetable basket" products. Vigorously develop facility agriculture, continue to establish horticultural crop standard parks and livestock and poultry demonstration fields, start agricultural standardization and promote the construction of demonstration counties as a whole. Implement the national vegetable industry development plan, support advantageous areas and strengthen vegetable infrastructure construction. Stabilize the development of pig production, support the standardized breeding and the construction of original seed farms in beef cattle and mutton sheep production counties, start the implementation of the dairy industry to revitalize the development of alfalfa, and promote the construction of large-scale breeding communities for pigs and cows. Formulate and implement the second-stage plan for animal disease prevention and control, and respond to major epidemics in a timely manner. We will carry out pilot projects to restore the ecological environment of aquaculture, support the transformation of offshore fishing boats, and strengthen the construction and management of fishery administration. Give full play to the positive role of leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization in the production and circulation of "vegetable basket" products. Strengthen the comprehensive coordination of food quality and safety supervision, strengthen the construction of inspection and testing system and traceability system, and carry out quality and safety risk assessment. Vigorously promote efficient and safe chemical fertilizers, low toxicity and low residue pesticides, and strictly regulate the use of food and feed additives. To implement the mayor's responsibility system of "vegetable basket" and give full play to the emergency protection function of urban agriculture, large and medium-sized cities should insist on maintaining a certain self-sufficiency in fresh food such as vegetables.
3. Increase agricultural input and subsidies. We will continue to increase financial investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, increase investment in agriculture and rural areas by state fixed assets, and increase investment in agricultural science and technology to ensure that both the increment and the proportion are improved. Give full play to the leading role of the government in agricultural science and technology investment, ensure that the increase of financial agricultural science and technology investment is significantly higher than the increase of financial recurrent income, gradually increase the proportion of agricultural R&D investment in agricultural added value, and establish a long-term mechanism for stable growth of investment. In accordance with the requirements of increasing the total amount, expanding the scope and improving the mechanism, we will continue to increase agricultural subsidies, and the new subsidies will be tilted towards the main producing areas, large farmers and farmers' professional cooperatives. Improve the level of direct subsidies to grain farmers. Implement the dynamic adjustment mechanism of comprehensive agricultural subsidies and increase subsidies in a timely manner. Increase subsidies for improved varieties. Expand the scale and scope of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and further improve the subsidy mechanism and management methods. Improve the interest compensation mechanism in the main producing areas, increase the incentive funds for grain (oil) production counties, and increase the incentives for pigs to be transferred out of large counties. Explore and improve ecological compensation systems such as forests, grasslands and soil and water conservation. Study and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of compensation standards for public welfare forests to further increase wetland protection. Accelerate the transformation of the development mode of grassland animal husbandry, increase support for animal husbandry, pastoral areas and herders, and cover the pastoral and semi-pastoral counties (cities, banners) determined by the state with subsidies and incentives for grassland ecological protection. We will increase financial incentives for the construction of village-level public welfare undertakings and actively guide farmers and social funds to invest in agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Effectively integrate state investment and improve the efficiency of capital use. We will earnestly strengthen supervision over the financial investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers and the use of subsidy funds, and resolutely stop and severely investigate and punish illegal acts such as false reporting, impersonation, interception and misappropriation.
4. Improve the level of rural financial services. We will increase support for rural financial policies, continuously increase rural credit input, and ensure that the growth rate of agricultural loans of banking financial institutions is higher than the average growth rate of all loans. We will improve the preferential tax policies for agricultural loans, improve the assessment and evaluation methods for county-level financial services of financial institutions, and guide county-level banking financial institutions to strengthen rural credit services. Vigorously promote the construction of rural credit system and improve the credit evaluation mechanism of farmers. Deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives and stabilize the legal person status of county (city) rural credit cooperatives. Develop diversified rural financial institutions, encourage private capital to enter the field of rural financial services, and support commercial banks to set up village banks in counties in the central and western regions. Develop rural mutual funds organizations in an orderly manner and guide farmers' professional cooperatives to standardize credit cooperation. We will improve differentiated supervision policies that are in line with the characteristics of rural banking financial institutions and businesses, appropriately increase the risk tolerance of agricultural loans, and implement moderately loose market access and flexible loan-to-deposit ratio policies. Continue to develop micro-credit business for farmers, and increase credit supply to county-scale farmers, farmers' professional cooperatives and small and micro enterprises. We will increase credit support for science and technology-based rural enterprises and science and technology commissioners to start businesses in the countryside, and actively explore the pledge financing business of agricultural science and technology patents. Support the Agricultural Development Bank to increase agricultural science and technology loans. Encourage qualified agricultural enterprises to carry out direct financing and actively develop agricultural financial leasing business. Expand the types and coverage of agricultural insurance, carry out pilot projects of protective agricultural premium subsidies, expand the pilot scope of forest insurance premium subsidies, support the development of fishery mutual insurance, and encourage local governments to carry out production insurance for advantageous agricultural products. Improve the agricultural reinsurance system, and gradually establish a decentralized mechanism for agricultural catastrophe risk transfer with the support of the central government.
5. Stabilize and improve the rural land policy. Accelerate the revision and improvement of relevant laws, and implement the existing policy of keeping contract relationship's land stable and unchanged for a long time. In accordance with the principle of voluntary compensation according to law, we will guide the transfer of land contractual management rights, develop various forms of moderate scale operations, and promote the innovation of agricultural production and management models. Accelerate the rural cadastral survey, basically complete the registration and certification of all kinds of rural collective land in 20 12 years, promote the registration and certification of rural collective construction land use rights, including farmers' homesteads, steadily expand the pilot registration of rural land contractual management rights, and appropriately subsidize work funds. Strengthen the management and service of land contractual management right transfer, and improve the mediation and arbitration system of land contractual management disputes. Accelerate the revision of the land management law, improve the relevant provisions of rural collective land expropriation, and improve the strict and standardized rural land management system. Accelerate the grassland contracting work in pastoral areas. Deepen the reform of collective forest property rights system, stabilize contract relationship, basically complete the task of clear property rights and contracting to households in 20 12 years, and improve relevant supporting policies. Do a good job in the pilot reform of state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas. We will further promote comprehensive rural reform and strengthen the pilot work of rural reform.
Second, relying on scientific and technological innovation to lead and support the construction of modern agriculture.
6. Clear the direction of agricultural science and technology innovation. Focus on long-term development, deploy advanced agricultural technology and basic research in advance, and strive to occupy an important position in the frontier field of agricultural science and technology in the world. Facing the needs of industry, we will make great efforts to break through major agricultural key technologies and processes and effectively solve the problem of the disconnection between science and technology and economy. Based on China's basic national conditions, following the laws of agricultural science and technology, taking ensuring national food security as the primary task, improving land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity as the main goal, paying equal attention to increasing production and increasing efficiency, supporting improved varieties and good methods, combining agricultural machinery and agronomy, and coordinating production ecology as the basic requirements, we will promote agricultural technology integration, mechanization of labor process, and informationization of production management, and build a technical system that meets the development requirements of high-yield, high-quality and efficient ecological security agriculture.
7. Highlight the key points of agricultural science and technology innovation. Stable support for agricultural basic, cutting-edge and public welfare scientific and technological research. Vigorously strengthen the basic research of agriculture, and break through a number of major basic theories and methods in agricultural biological gene regulation and molecular breeding, stress resistance mechanism of agriculture, forestry, animals and plants, efficient utilization of farmland resources, ecological restoration of agriculture and forestry, pest control, biosafety, agricultural product safety and so on. Accelerate the research on cutting-edge technologies, and achieve a number of major independent innovation achievements in the fields of agricultural biotechnology, information technology, new material technology, advanced manufacturing technology and precision agricultural technology, so as to seize the commanding heights of modern agricultural science and technology. Efforts have been made to break through the bottleneck of agricultural technology, and a number of major practical technological achievements have been made in seed cultivation, cost saving and consumption reduction, water-saving irrigation, agricultural machinery and equipment, new fertilizers and drugs, disease prevention and control, processing and storage, circular agriculture, marine agriculture and rural people's livelihood.
8. Improve the agricultural science and technology innovation mechanism. Break the boundaries between departments, regions and disciplines, effectively integrate scientific and technological resources, establish a collaborative innovation mechanism, and promote the close integration of Industry-University-Research, agriculture and education. In accordance with the requirements of classified reform of public institutions, deepen the reform of agricultural research institutes, improve the system of modern public institutions, expand the autonomy of public institutions, and strive to create a policy environment for researchers to devote themselves to research. Improve the mechanism of agricultural scientific research projects, and combine directional entrustment with independent topic selection, stable support and moderate competition. Improve the evaluation mechanism of agricultural scientific research, adhere to classified evaluation, pay attention to solving practical problems, and change the situation of emphasizing paper over invention, quantity over quality, and achievements over application. Vigorously promote the construction of modern agricultural industrial technology system, improve the new combination mode of agricultural science and technology resources with industrial demand as the guide, agricultural products as the unit, industrial chain as the main line and comprehensive experimental station as the basic point, discover and solve technical problems in production in time, and give full play to the positive role of technological innovation, experimental demonstration and radiation. Implement policies such as tax reduction and exemption, enterprise R&D expenses plus deduction, and high-tech preferential treatment, support enterprises to strengthen technological R&D and upgrade, encourage enterprises to undertake various national science and technology projects, and enhance their independent innovation capabilities. Actively cultivate the strategic alliance of agricultural industrial technology innovation led by enterprises and develop new agriculture-related industries. Accelerate the transfer of agricultural technology and the transformation of achievements, strengthen the protection of agricultural intellectual property rights, and steadily develop the agricultural technology trading market.
9. Improve the conditions for agricultural science and technology innovation. Increase the support of various national science and technology plans for agriculture, and improve the level of operating funds of public welfare scientific research institutions. Support the development of agricultural science and technology innovation funds, and actively guide and encourage social funds such as financial credit and venture capital to participate in agricultural science and technology innovation and entrepreneurship. We will continue to implement major scientific and technological projects to cultivate new varieties of genetically modified organisms and intensify the implementation of scientific research projects in agriculture-related public welfare industries. Promote the construction of national agricultural high-tech industrial demonstration zones and national agricultural science and technology parks. In accordance with the requirements of overall planning and * * * construction, increase the number of national engineering laboratories, national key laboratories, national engineering technology research centers and * * * scientific and technological resources sharing platforms in agriculture-related fields, and support the construction of open laboratories and experimental demonstration bases. Strengthen the construction of municipal and state-level agricultural scientific research institutions, and encourage places where conditions permit to be directly managed by provincial scientific research institutions. Strengthen international agricultural science and technology exchanges and cooperation, and increase the introduction, digestion and absorption of foreign advanced agricultural technologies. Strengthen agrometeorological research and experiments, and strengthen the infrastructure and scientific and technological capacity building of weather modification.
10. Pay attention to scientific and technological innovation of seed industry. Science and technology promote agriculture, and improved varieties go first. Increase investment in basic and public welfare research in seed industry, strengthen the collection, protection and identification of germplasm resources, innovate breeding theory and technology, create improved breeding materials, and accelerate the cultivation of a number of breakthrough new varieties. Major breeding research projects should support seed enterprises that integrate breeding, reproduction and promotion, and accelerate the establishment of a new commercial breeding mechanism with enterprises as the main body. Optimize and adjust the layout of seed enterprises, improve the market access threshold, promote the merger and reorganization of seed enterprises, and encourage large enterprises to enter the seed industry through mergers and acquisitions and equity participation. Establish a seed industry development fund, cultivate a number of large-scale backbone enterprises integrating breeding, reproduction and promotion, support enterprises to establish breeding platforms with higher-level scientific research units, and encourage scientific research institutes and university researchers to cooperate with enterprises. We will intensify the implementation of improved varieties of animals and plants, strengthen the construction of improved varieties breeding bases in northwest, southwest and Hainan, encourage seed enterprises and farmers' professional cooperatives to jointly establish relatively centralized and stable seed production bases, and build demonstration fields for the introduction of new varieties in major grain, cotton and oil-producing counties. We will carry out pilot projects for qualified seed production insurance and increase financial subsidies for seed reserves. We will improve the system of variety approval, protection and withdrawal, strengthen the management of administrative license for seed production and operation, and severely crack down on illegal activities such as manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy products, infringement of fake and shoddy goods, and forced buying and selling.
Three, improve the ability of agricultural technology popularization, and vigorously develop agricultural socialization services.
1 1. Strengthen grassroots public welfare agricultural extension services. Give full play to the role of agricultural extension agencies at all levels, focus on enhancing the ability of agricultural extension services at the grassroots level, and promote the transformation of family business to the direction of adopting advanced technology and production means. We will generally improve public service institutions such as township or regional agricultural technology extension, animal and plant disease prevention and control, and agricultural product quality supervision, clarify the public welfare orientation, and set up public welfare posts according to the actual industrial development. Full implementation of personnel appointment system, strict post conditions, the implementation of post responsibilities, the implementation of the county authorities, township governments, farmers tripartite evaluation method. For agricultural extension workers who take root in rural areas, serve farmers and devote themselves diligently, it is necessary to effectively improve the treatment level, implement the policy of wage tilt and performance pay, and realize the convergence of the wage income of on-the-job personnel and the average wage income of grassroots institutions. Further improve the management system of township agricultural public service institutions and strengthen the management and guidance of agricultural technology popularization. Effectively improve the working conditions of grass-roots agricultural technology extension, and arrange promotion funds according to planting scale and service performance. In 20 12, the demonstration county project of basic agricultural extension system reform and construction basically covers agricultural counties (cities, districts and farms), and the construction project of qualified agricultural extension institutions covers all towns and villages. Significantly increase subsidies for key technologies for agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation and stable and increased production. Accelerate the separation of operational functions of grass-roots agricultural technology extension institutions, market-oriented operation, and explore various forms of public welfare services. Improve the means of agricultural extension services at the grass-roots level, make full use of radio and television, newspapers, the Internet, mobile phones and other media and modern information technology to provide farmers with efficient, convenient, concise, intuitive and two-way interactive services. Strengthen the construction of public service institutions for water conservancy and grass-roots forestry in towns or small watersheds, and improve the agricultural standardization service system. Expand the coverage of agricultural and rural public meteorological services and improve the scientific and technological level of agricultural meteorological services and rural meteorological disaster prevention.
12. Guide scientific research and education institutions to actively carry out agricultural technical services. Guide institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes to become an important force in agricultural technology popularization for public welfare, strengthen the responsibility of serving agriculture, countryside and farmers, improve the incentive mechanism, and encourage scientific research and teaching personnel to go deep into the grassroots to engage in agricultural technology popularization services. Support institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes to undertake agricultural technology extension projects, incorporate the performance of agricultural technology extension services into the evaluation and employment of professional and technical posts and work assessment, and implement the system of extension professors and extension researchers. Encourage institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes to establish agricultural experimental demonstration bases, and implement service modes such as expert compound, joint construction of schools and cities, and joint construction of schools and counties, so as to integrate, mature and popularize agricultural technological achievements. Vigorously implement the rural science and technology entrepreneurship action of science and technology commissioners, and encourage the establishment of leading scientific and technological enterprises and technical cooperation organizations.
13. Cultivate and support new agricultural socialized service organizations. Support farmers' professional cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, professional technical associations, farmers' water cooperation organizations, agriculture-related enterprises and other social forces to participate in agriculture-related services before, during and after delivery through government ordering, targeted entrustment and bidding. Give full play to the positive role of farmers' professional cooperatives in organizing farmers to enter the market, applying advanced technology and developing modern agriculture, increase support, strengthen counseling services, promote the construction of demonstration cooperatives, and promote the standardized operation of farmers' professional cooperatives. Support farmers' professional cooperatives to set up agricultural products processing enterprises or participate in leading enterprises. Expand the rural collective economy, explore effective forms of realization, and enhance the service ability of collective organizations to farmers' production and management. Encourage qualified grass-roots stations to set up agricultural service-oriented enterprises, carry out pilot projects of integrating science, industry and trade services into enterprises, and the government buys public services from them. Support the development of rural comprehensive service centers. Comprehensively promote agricultural and rural informatization, and strive to improve the information service level of agricultural production and management, quality and safety control and market circulation. Integrate and utilize network resources such as modern distance education for cadres in rural party member, and build a fast information service channel with triple play. Accelerate the construction of a national rural informatization demonstration province, focusing on strengthening the construction of grassroots agricultural information service stations and informatization demonstration villages. Continue to implement the spark plan, promote the action of enriching the people and strengthening the county through science and technology, and popularize science to benefit farmers and revitalize the countryside.
Four, strengthen education, science and technology training, and comprehensively create a new type of agricultural and rural talent team.
14. Revitalize and develop agricultural education. Promote the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Agriculture to jointly build agricultural colleges and universities, implement excellent agricultural and forestry education and training programs, run a number of agriculture-related disciplines well, and strengthen the construction of agricultural cooperative education talent training bases. Further improve the per capita funding standard for agriculture-related disciplines (majors). Increase the national inspirational scholarships and grants for agricultural students in colleges and universities, and improve the quality of agricultural students. Increase the directional enrollment of colleges and universities in rural areas, especially in poverty-stricken areas. Encourage and guide college graduates to work in rural grass-roots units, and implement tuition compensation and national student loan compensation policies for those who meet the requirements. We will further promote the plan of "village officials" for college students, and implement plans such as "three supports and one support" and college students' voluntary service to the west according to local conditions. Accelerate the process of free secondary vocational education, implement the subsidy policy for vocational skills training, encourage agriculture-related industries to set up vocational education, and strive to make every rural reserve labor force master a skill.
15. Accelerate the cultivation of agricultural science and technology talents. The national major talent project should be tilted to the agricultural field, continue to implement the plan of promoting innovative talents and the plan of cultivating outstanding talents in agricultural scientific research, and accelerate the training of leading talents and innovative teams in agricultural science and technology. Further improve the incentive mechanism and independent flow mechanism of agricultural scientific research talents. Formulate evaluation criteria oriented to scientific research quality, innovation ability and application of achievements. Extensively carry out regular training for grass-roots agricultural extension workers at different levels and with different classifications. Improve the evaluation standard of professional titles of grass-roots agricultural extension personnel, pay attention to work performance and promotion effectiveness, and the number of evaluation and employment is inclined to townships and production lines. Carry out the pilot project of agricultural technology extension service special post, and send a group of college students to villages and towns as special post personnel. Actively give play to the demonstration and leading role of farmers' technical personnel, and give corresponding subsidies according to the amount of tasks undertaken.
16. Vigorously cultivate practical talents in rural areas. Focusing on improving scientific and technological quality, vocational skills and management ability, we will carry out large-scale training for rural practical talents. Give full play to the role of various departments and industries, increase the implementation of various rural talent training programs, expand the scale of training, and raise subsidy standards. Accelerate the training of rural development leaders such as village cadres, heads of farmers' professional cooperatives, college students working in villages, rural skilled service-oriented talents such as farmers' plant protection workers, epidemic prevention workers, water conservancy workers, information workers and biogas workers, and rural production and operation-oriented talents such as large-scale farmers, large-scale agricultural machinery farmers and brokers. Vigorously cultivate new professional farmers, provide free agricultural skills training for rural high school and junior high school graduates who have not entered higher education, and give subsidies and loan support to eligible rural youth agricultural entrepreneurship and migrant workers' return home entrepreneurship projects.
Five, improve the facilities and equipment conditions, and constantly consolidate the material foundation of agricultural development.
17. unremittingly strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy. Accelerate the construction of water source projects, the management of rivers, lakes and small and medium-sized rivers, the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, the prevention and control of geological disasters of mountain torrents, increase the continuous construction of large and medium-sized irrigation areas and the transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation and drainage pumping stations, build a number of new irrigation areas with water and soil resources, and strive to expand the effective irrigation area. We will continue to increase the special funds for subsidies from the central government for the construction of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities, and realize that the construction of key small-scale irrigation and water conservancy counties basically covers large agricultural counties. Strengthen the construction of "five small water conservancy projects" in hilly areas, comprehensively improve rural rivers, dredge ponds and develop water conservancy projects in pastoral areas. Vigorously promote new technologies and equipment for efficient water-saving irrigation, expand the scope of subsidies for equipment purchase and the scale of discount loans, and improve the preferential tax policies for water-saving irrigation equipment. Innovate the management mechanism of farmland water conservancy construction, accelerate the central and provincial overall planning of land transfer income for farmland water conservancy construction funds, and implement the appropriate financial subsidy policy for the operation and management expenses of agricultural irrigation and drainage projects. Develop specialized service organizations such as water conservancy science and technology popularization, flood control and drought relief, and irrigation experiments.
18. Strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland. Accelerate the demarcation of permanent basic farmland and start the pilot project of farmland protection and compensation. Formulate the national master plan and related special plans for high-standard farmland construction, raise funds through multiple channels, increase investment in comprehensive agricultural development, carry out major projects and demonstration construction of rural land remediation, concentrate on accelerating the construction of high-yield and stable-yield farmland in drought and flood, implement efficient water-saving agricultural irrigation projects in four northeastern provinces, and comprehensively improve the ability of sustained production increase of cultivated land. For major projects occupying cultivated land, we should actively promote the experience and practice of "moving soil to improve fertility" We will continue to do a good job in the investigation and monitoring of agricultural land quality, further promote soil testing and formula fertilization, expand the scale of soil organic matter subsidies, and continue to implement dry farming projects. Strengthen the construction of facility agricultural equipment technology demonstration base. Accelerate the construction of modern agricultural demonstration areas and support reclamation areas to take the lead in developing modern agriculture.
19. Accelerate agricultural mechanization. Give full play to the important role of agricultural machinery integration technology, save costs and increase efficiency, promote scale operation, continuously expand the field of agricultural machinery operation, and improve the service level of agricultural machinery. Efforts will be made to solve outstanding problems such as rice transplanting and corn, rape, sugarcane and cotton harvesting, vigorously develop machinery and equipment such as facility agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture, and explore the whole-process mechanized production mode of agriculture. Actively promote precision sowing, deep application of chemical fertilizer, conservation tillage and other technologies. Strengthen the research and development of key parts and key products of agricultural machinery, support the technological transformation of agricultural machinery industry, and improve the applicability, convenience and safety of products. Increase credit support and encourage large-scale farmers, large-scale agricultural machinery farmers and agricultural machinery cooperatives to purchase large and medium-sized agricultural machinery. Implement preferential tax and fee policies to support the development of agricultural mechanization, and promote the marketization and industrialization of agricultural machinery services. Effectively strengthen the after-sales service and safety supervision of agricultural machinery.
20. Do a good job in ecological construction. Consolidate the achievements of returning farmland to forests, and appropriately expand the scale of returning farmland to forests at the source of rivers and around lakes and reservoirs in national key ecological function area. Implement the second-phase implementation plan of natural forest resources protection project, and make overall plans to solve the problem of social insurance subsidies for one-time placement of people with employment difficulties. Gradually improve the central subsidy standard for shelterbelt afforestation investment, and strengthen the construction of shelterbelt systems in the "Three North", coastal areas and the Yangtze River. Pay close attention to the preparation of the second phase of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project planning, expand the scope of implementation of comprehensive control of rocky desertification, and carry out pilot projects for desertification land protection. Build an ecological security barrier on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and start regional key ecological projects. Appropriately expand the scale of forest seed varieties and afforestation subsidies, and improve the forest tending subsidy policy. Improve the management measures of forest right mortgage loan and increase the scale of loan discount. Explore the redemption mechanism of national public welfare forest. Support the development of woody grain and oil, under-forest economy, forest tourism, bamboo and rattan and other forest industries. Encourage enterprises and other social forces to use industrialization to carry out sand prevention and control. Expand the implementation scope of the project of returning grazing to grassland, and support the construction of grassland fences, forage bases, livestock sheds and the improvement of severely degraded grasslands. Strengthen grassland supervision in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas. Continue to carry out fishery proliferation and release. Strengthen the implementation of national key construction projects of soil and water conservation, accelerate the pace of sloping farmland remediation, promote the construction of clean small watersheds, and strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of soil erosion and the supervision and management of soil and water conservation in production and construction projects. Take rural environmental improvement as the focus of environmental protection work, improve the policy of promoting governance with awards, and gradually implement urban and rural governance. Promote clean agricultural production, guide farmers to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides rationally, strengthen the construction of rural biogas projects and ecological protection projects with small hydropower instead of fuel, speed up the control of agricultural non-point source pollution and the treatment of rural sewage and garbage, and improve the rural living environment.
Six, improve the efficiency of market circulation, and effectively ensure the stable and balanced supply of agricultural products.
2 1. Strengthen the construction of agricultural products circulation facilities. Overall layout of the national agricultural product circulation facilities, accelerate the improvement of agricultural product circulation network covering urban and rural areas. Promote the construction and transformation of national and regional backbone agricultural products wholesale markets, and focus on supporting the construction of trading places, electronic settlement, information processing, inspection and testing facilities. Incorporate the construction of agricultural products wholesale markets, urban community vegetable markets and township markets into the overall land use planning and urban and rural construction planning, and study and formulate land use policies to support the construction of agricultural products processing and circulation facilities. Encourage qualified places to build a number of non-profit agricultural products wholesale and retail markets through investment in shares, property rights replacement, public facilities, repurchase and leaseback. We will continue to promote the construction of storage and logistics facilities for bulk agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar, and support large commercial enterprises with supply and marketing cooperatives, postal logistics, grain circulation and operation networks all over the country to participate in the construction and operation of agricultural products wholesale markets and storage and logistics systems. Accelerate the development of chain distribution logistics centers for fresh agricultural products and support the establishment of an integrated cold chain logistics system. Continue to strengthen the construction and management of rural roads. Support the construction of supporting facilities for the collection, processing, packaging and storage of agricultural products in the producing areas, and subsidize the construction of primary processing and storage facilities for farmers' professional cooperatives.
22. Innovate the circulation mode of agricultural products. Make full use of modern information technology and develop modern trading methods such as e-commerce of agricultural products. Explore the establishment of flexible and diverse agricultural production and marketing models that effectively link production and consumption, reduce circulation links and reduce circulation costs. Vigorously develop contract agriculture, promote the direct connection between producers and wholesale markets, farmers' markets, supermarkets, hotels and restaurants, schools and enterprise canteens, support production bases and farmers' professional cooperatives to increase direct supply and direct sales outlets in urban communities, and form a stable relationship between supply and demand of agricultural products. Support supply and marketing cooperatives and farmers' professional cooperatives to develop a two-way circulation network connecting urban and rural markets. We will carry out a comprehensive pilot project of modern circulation of "transporting southern vegetables to the north" and "transporting western fruits to the east". Carry out rural business information services, hold multi-form and multi-level agricultural products exhibition activities, and cultivate agricultural products exhibition brands with national and local characteristics. Give full play to the positive role of agricultural futures market in guiding production and avoiding risks. Exempt from the value-added tax in the wholesale and retail of vegetables, carry out a pilot project for the verification and deduction of agricultural product input tax, implement and improve the green channel policy for the transportation of fresh agricultural products, and clean up and reduce the charges of agricultural product wholesale markets, urban community vegetable markets, township markets and supermarkets.
23. Improve the supervision of agricultural products market. Accurately grasp the changes of domestic and international agricultural products markets, and take targeted control measures to ensure the effective supply and market stability of major agricultural products and maintain a reasonable price level. We will steadily increase the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice, start the temporary storage and storage of corn, soybeans, rapeseed, cotton and sugar in due course, and improve the reserve system of agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar. We will promptly improve the market control measures for fresh agricultural products, improve the price control plan for the live pig market, and explore the establishment of a price stability mechanism for major vegetable varieties. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of domestic and foreign agricultural products markets, and comprehensively use import and export, throughput and other means to stabilize the domestic agricultural products market. We will improve the management of import tariff quotas for agricultural products and crack down on illegal smuggling. We will promptly establish a national and regional agricultural product information sharing platform, strengthen agricultural statistical investigation and forecast analysis, improve the statistical investigation ability of agricultural production counties, implement the system of timely disclosure and authoritative release of major information, and prevent all kinds of false information from affecting industrial development and harming farmers' interests.