"Reef" was selected as the text of college Chinese teaching materials in universities such as China Central Radio and TV University.
Title: Reef Creation Year: 1954 Source: Ai Qing's Poetry Literary Genre: Modern Poet Author: Ai Qing's original works, creation background, appreciation of works, theme, artistic features, famous critics' comments, influence of works, author's brief introduction, wave after wave of original reef works, wave after wave, and each wave is beaten to pieces and scattered at the foot ... But it still stood there smiling and looking at the sea ... Creation background1954 In July, the poet Ai Qing visited Chile at the invitation of the Chilean House of Representatives to congratulate Nie Luda, a leading poet in Chilean poetry, on his 50th birthday. The rock was written by the poet on July 25th, 1954, that is, during this visit. And at the beginning of socialist construction in new China, everything was in full swing. However, the difficulties faced by China are hard to disappear, let alone "surrounded by imperialism". As far as economic construction is concerned, difficulties and blows have never stopped. In such a new historical period, the people of China need spiritual encouragement as much as in wartime. Rock and roll was born at the right time, and it really inspired several generations of China people. Appreciation of the theme of the work The image of the reef depicted in this poem is like a man who has stood the test of struggle. No matter how many blows and blows, it will not move a step, nor will it lose its faith and confidence in life. The rocks hit by knife waves still face the ocean slightly, and the soldiers who have gone through hardships are still brave and strong. Through this poem, the poet expressed his sincere praise for this tenacious life. This kind of existence can be a person, or it can be the motherland in all kinds of troubles and oppression. Artistic features This poem has no direct call sign, only a calm and objective description, using the narrative perspective of bystanders, as if the poet is just presenting a fact. In the poet's pen, the "reef" has an incomparable firm will and heroic and tenacious fighting spirit. Although the wind and waves are "endless", it still holds its head high; Although the "face and body" have been scarred like a knife, they have no fear, never retreat, and remain motionless. They also "laugh at the ocean", face more intense challenges and bear more intense impacts with confidence and incomparable optimism. Is a fearless hero image. Obviously, this "stone" is symbolic. It can be a symbol of Nie Luda's lifelong call for Chile's independence and development, a symbol of the brave and tenacious Chinese nation, and a symbol of "constant persecution" and "right to life" that are not afraid of power and struggle (Ai Qing: preface to Selected Poems of Ai Qing). The "reef" is like a magnificent sculpture with a perfect combination of motion and static. In the first verse of the poem, "flapping" and "scattering" are verbs, but this is to write waves, with the purpose of reflecting stillness with movement and highlighting the firmness and calmness of the reef. In the second section, the use of verbs such as "stand", "laugh" and "look" is a proud expression of writing rocks. This kind of stillness and movement complement each other and highlight the indomitable heroic beauty of the reef. At the same time, the author is like a clever photographer and sketch master. He chose the moment that best reflected the stubborn optimism of the reef and smiled at the wind and waves, and vividly outlined the unyielding majestic posture of the reef with a few strokes. The first section uses the method of side contrast to write the "endless" and "flapping" of the evil waves to set off the firm and tenacious struggle character of the reef. The second section describes the appearance and expression of the reef from the front, vividly depicting its indomitable, optimistic and calm great image. When one party stands upright in this way, it sets up an extremely firm and calm heroic image in people's minds. At the same time, the poem also uses metaphor in writing techniques, such as the first and second sentences: "A wave, a wave is coming endlessly", and using "coming" to describe waves is undoubtedly a way to compare waves to "people". There is no life spray, and there seems to be subjective will, so you can take the initiative to attack the reef. Follow-up: writing about the reef "breaking the waves" also personifies the reef, and objective things conflict with each other, as if it were a struggle between people. There are metaphors and personification here, and at the same time, it has the function of "empathy" at a deeper level. Objective things originally have no will and purpose, but in the author's view, they seem to have will and purpose. In fact, the author "projects" his thoughts and feelings on external things and gives life to inanimate things. Just like Du Fu's sentence, "Where petals flow like tears, lonely birds sing their sorrows", flowers never shed tears and birds never start up. But the author "feels the time" and "hates parting" and is sad. He looks at foreign objects with emotional colored glasses and feels that foreign objects are also sad. In the second section of this poem, the "face", "body" and "smile" of the reef are further described, which is more clearly personified, and the aesthetic psychological activity of "empathy" still permeates it. This way of writing humanizes the objective world, endows heaven and earth with life, and makes the vitality of life surge in the universe. It's really a touching poem. In addition, judging from the artistic conception of this poem, the short eight-sentence poem depicts two main pictures for people: first, countless waves are broken into bubbles by rocks; The second is that the reef stands tall and faces the vast ocean. These two pictures are actually the same picture. The difference is that the first picture focuses on broken waves, and the second picture focuses on standing rocks. The visual center has changed, which makes readers pay different attention to it. In other words, the "dominant intention" is different. The dominant intention of the first picture is to reveal the repeated attacks of "waves", and the dominant intention of the second picture is to highlight towering rocks. Moreover, the picture constructed by poetic language is different from the real painting. In poetry, the picture is dynamic, just like in film and television, the perspective is moving and the scenery is unchanged, while in painting, the author can only take a fixed perspective, and although his picture tries to write "dynamic" in a special pen and ink language, it is always static. Poetry is more flexible than painting when creating such a picture. But another difference between painting in poetry is that painting in poetry is "indirect", which indirectly describes the image with the help of language, while painting directly describes the image. In a word, this short poem injects the author's feelings through comparison. But it doesn't tell the whole story, but simply outlines two pictures, grasps the characteristics of things, and at the same time adopts the way of "omitting" its connotation without any explanation, which increases the space for readers to guess and imagine. In art, "the image is greater than the thought", and the thought is often clearly expounded. There is not much room for imagination, no room for readers to fill in the blanks and speak, so it can't arouse readers' interest, let alone "comprehend" and "relax". On the contrary, the language of this poem is concise, using the technique of "suggestion", only sketching the image, not explaining the meaning, leaving the meaning and rhyme to the readers to experience, which increases the aesthetic feeling of the poem. Famous experts commented on the contemporary writer Huo Yan's Song of Fengyang and Weeds: "Among the poems included in Ai Qing's Selected Poems, one poem deeply touched me. Because this poem can represent the spirit of Ai Qing. This poem is called reef. The poem is very short, only eight sentences, but it contains profound meaning and is memorable. " Wu Xueyin, a contemporary poet and writer, wrote The Road to Poetry: "Ai Qing's Rock and Roll represents the image of a poet and a soldier, who always sticks to the truth and stands proudly in ups and downs." Ni Zhengfang, a professor at Hunan College of Humanities and Science, appreciates literature: "This poem is a key to our understanding of the poet and his poems. This poem allows us to witness the charm of poets in various historical periods. This poem seems to be readily available, but in fact it is the crystallization of the poet's life. The more you know the poet, the more you understand the weight of this poem. " The influence of the work "Reef" was selected into the text of college Chinese textbooks in universities such as China Central Radio and Television University. The author briefly introduces Ai Qing (1910-1996), formerly known as Jiang Haicheng, with pen names Ega, Kea and Lin Bi. Modern and contemporary poets. Jinhua, Zhejiang Studying in France in youth. 1932 began to write poetry, 1933 published Dayan River-My Nanny under the pseudonym of "Ai Qing" and became famous at one fell swoop. He is the author of more than 20 poems, including Dayan River, North China, Towards the Sun, Song of Return, and many prose collections and translated poems. His poems have been translated into more than ten languages and widely circulated.