Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has continuously increased investment in poverty alleviation, and a large number of poverty alleviation projects have been implemented in various places. The resulting large-scale poverty alleviation assets are not only the accumulation and precipitation of poverty alleviation achievements, but also the material basis for rural revitalization and development. It is necessary to fully tap the potential and incite rural revitalization.
As the province with the largest poverty area, the deepest poverty degree and the largest poverty population in China, Guizhou has the largest poverty alleviation assets in China. In recent years, Guizhou has explored how to improve the efficiency of the use of poverty alleviation assets and establish and improve the long-term operation and management mechanism of poverty alleviation project assets through the split reform of "ownership, management, income, disposal and supervision".
Assets with clear property rights have ID cards.
"We have made a thorough survey of the poverty alleviation assets formed by various poverty alleviation funds invested since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and found that the project funds involved in the province are 40.91.1.300 billion yuan, forming assets of 398.979 billion yuan." He Chengshan, deputy director of the Rural Revitalization Bureau of Guizhou Province, said. However, at present, some poverty alleviation assets are scattered in various departments and towns, and some ownership subjects are unclear. "What you want to use can't be used, and what you can use can't be used."
For example, Qinglong county used poverty alleviation funds to build a sheepfold of about 65,438+10,000 square meters. Later, due to technical and market reasons, the sheepfolds distributed in various towns and villages were idle. "Because towns and villages are not the main body of industrial operation from the beginning, there has been no right to use idle poverty alleviation assets such as sheepfolds. Some farmers want to rent and don't know who to look for. " Cao Yong, mayor of Shazi Town, Qinglong County, said.
Combined with the reform of rural collective property rights system, Guizhou has promoted the registration of qualified poverty alleviation assets. Specifically, family assets are owned by farmers in principle; Public welfare assets shall be handed over in time after the completion of the project, and shall be confirmed and managed according to the relevant requirements of the industry; Operating assets, according to the source of funds, the scope of benefits, management needs and other clear ownership, as far as possible clear to individuals, village collective economic organizations, etc.; Personal poverty alleviation assets are difficult to identify. In principle, it is necessary to identify village collective economic organizations and bring them into the scope of rural collective assets management, and promote the reform of joint-stock cooperative system in accordance with the requirements of rural collective property rights system reform.
"Every poverty alleviation asset has an ID card." Fu Mingyong, chairman of the Qinglong County Political Consultative Conference, said that for poverty alleviation projects that have completed asset registration, the county has produced and issued the "Certificate of Property Rights of Poverty Alleviation Funds" to clarify the attributes, nature, category, status and service life of assets, so as to make the subject clear and the property rights clear.
"This has mobilized the enthusiasm of the owners and promoted them to find ways to revitalize poverty alleviation assets." He Chengshan said.
Clarify the right of management and stimulate the vitality of the project
Industrial poverty alleviation is a powerful way to mobilize the endogenous motivation of poor people to get rid of poverty. Faced with the unpredictable market tide, some industrial poverty alleviation projects have encountered operational difficulties due to market prospects, technical shortage and other reasons. How to avoid "emphasizing construction but neglecting management and protection" and enhance the vitality of industrial poverty alleviation projects?
In this regard, Guizhou explores to strengthen follow-up management and liberalize management rights. According to the characteristics of poverty alleviation project assets, encourage the exploration of multi-form, multi-level and diversified management and operation modes-
For mature, profitable or potential operating assets, efforts should be made to improve the level of marketization, scale, standardization and branding; For operating project assets with difficulties in operation and management, encourage contracting, custody, leasing and cooperation to implement the business entity, determine the mode and duration of operation, clarify the rights and obligations of all business parties, and do a good job in risk prevention and control.
Assets follow talents, talents follow projects, and projects follow markets. Gao ling cun, Dachang Town, Qinglong County, has cooperated with enterprises and large households in seven business projects according to different modes. Among them, Polygonum multiflorum planting, processing plant and three farms operate according to the creditor's rights model; The pig raising project is operated by lease; A mushroom stick processing factory operates in a joint venture mode. According to the account book of the village, 202 1, the village level received dividends and rental income of 453,000 yuan.
Clarify the right to income and promote all-round prosperity
How to define the beneficiary groups and scope of use of asset income? In practice, Guizhou has continuously improved the income distribution mechanism of operational poverty alleviation assets.
"This requires standardizing the distribution method and ensuring the right to income." Liu, director of the Foreign Investment Division of the Rural Revitalization Bureau of Guizhou Province, said that it is strictly forbidden to distribute the income of project assets simply by giving money or sharing stolen goods.
For example, the proceeds from operating assets are mainly used to consolidate and expand poverty alleviation achievements and realize rural revitalization, and are distributed according to the current asset management system. The income from assets belonging to village collectives shall be distributed by the village committee according to the process of "putting forward by village collectives, examining and approving by villages and towns, and filing at county level" and after fulfilling relevant procedures such as democratic decision-making and announcement. At the same time, encourage participation in the construction and development of village projects to increase labor income for distribution; Encourage the development of new business entities with good poverty alleviation effects through asset income support.
Yao Feng said that the laying hen farm is now operated by Yuping County Poverty Alleviation and Development Investment Co., Ltd., and the income is divided according to the proportion of capital investment in each township and street, which not only promotes the intensive management of poverty alleviation assets and exerts the aggregation effect, but also ensures more efficient asset appreciation in remote towns and villages, making poverty alleviation assets become rich from decentralized income increase.
Clarify the right of disposal and revitalize the existing assets
During the period of poverty alleviation, some poverty alleviation projects were implemented. Some poverty alleviation projects involve multiple systems and departments, so it is necessary to actively track the operation of project funds or the use of poverty alleviation assets to improve project efficiency.
In this regard, Guizhou has explored a strict examination and approval process and standardized the right of disposal. According to the relevant person in charge of the Rural Revitalization Bureau of Guizhou Province, the disposal of poverty alleviation assets belonging to village collectives is decided by villagers, agreed by towns and villages, and reported to the competent authorities for approval. The examination and approval results shall be made public in time, and the disposal income shall be rearranged to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation and realize rural revitalization, and shall not be distributed to members of village collective economic organizations; For individuals, village collective economic organizations and other business entities to invest or participate in shares, the withdrawal method and disposal method of equity should be clarified.
"No unit or individual may dispose of the assets of collective and state-owned poverty alleviation projects at will." Zheng, deputy director of the Finance Bureau of Zheng 'an County, said that if the assets of poverty alleviation projects need to be disposed of due to natural disasters, policy factors, accidents, development plans, reaching the age limit and other reasons, strict procedures will be adopted for approval. For the operating assets formed by the financial funds participating in the project implementation, a third party shall be invited to evaluate them during the assets verification.
In 20 16, Xinyang Village, Ma Zi Township, Qinglong County used 460,000 yuan of poverty alleviation funds to implement the chicken raising project, and the imported cooperatives had invalid stock assets due to poor management. Recently, after checking and verifying assets, the county and township asset management offices have disposed of them by auction, and the existing assets have been revitalized and recycled in time and put into rural revitalization and construction.
Clarify the supervision right and let the funds run in the sun.
Only by implementing the responsibility of long-term asset operation management supervisor can capital projects run in the sun.
In Guizhou, the county-level government performs the main responsibility for the follow-up management of poverty-stricken assets in the county, and the township government is responsible for strengthening the daily supervision of the follow-up operation of poverty-stricken assets. The village collective earnestly assumes the direct supervision responsibility for the assets that have been confirmed to help the poor in the village. Provincial and municipal rural revitalization departments are responsible for coordinating and guiding the follow-up management of poverty alleviation assets. Industry departments at all levels shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, perform industry supervision duties according to the asset management system and regulations in the industry field. So as to form a system of hierarchical management, step-by-step responsibility and joint supervision.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Rural Revitalization Bureau of Guizhou Province, at present, some places have not only defined the regulatory bodies such as asset management and operation units and industry authorities, but also set up poverty alleviation assets offices at the county (city/district), town (township) and village levels to specifically implement the regulatory rights. At the same time, guide villagers to participate in the democratic decision-making of asset management and disposal of village-level poverty alleviation projects, and supervise the income distribution of village-level assets.
Focusing on where the poverty alleviation funds come from and where they go, Qinglong County and Zheng 'an County have established a "two-way tracking" mechanism from horizontal to edge and vertical to the end. Horizontal, based on the nature of funds; Vertically, with the direction of funds as the main line, the use results of each fund are tracked. Fu Mingyong said that through project tracking, Qinglong County found out more than 500 problems such as imperfect interest linkage mechanism, inadequate management and protection in the later period, and idle funds 1500, and it was clear that the special class would follow up and rectify.
From 20 18, Yuping county hired a third-party audit institution to track and audit the bidding, reimbursement and interest linkage of the project in that year, and monitored the progress, quality and effect of the project throughout. After the implementation of the project, a third-party audit institution will be hired to evaluate the performance of poverty alleviation, and those with poor benefits will be rectified immediately.