Ji Fa attaches great importance to sages at home, and continues to take Jiang Taigong (namely Jiang Shang) as his strategist and his younger brother Zhou Gongdan as his son. Zhao Gong, Bi Gong, Kang Shu, Ji Dan and other good ministers are all in their respective posts, with abundant talents and thriving politics. Strive to unite more vassal States and strengthen their own strength. King Wu sized up the situation, actively prepared to destroy the commercial conditions and waited for the opportunity. In order to facilitate the attacking merchants to sing, Zhou Wuwang established a new capital Haojing (now Xi 'an) on the east bank of Fengshui.
In the second year after Zhou Wuwang ascended the throne, Jin Meng Guan Bing led a great army to the west to pay homage to King Wen's mausoleum in Biyuan (now Chang 'an District, Shaanxi Province), and then turned to the east to worship. Now, there is a big wooden sign with the name of his father Xibochang on it. He only calls himself Prince Fa, which means he is still in power. The army arrived in Yujin (now northeast of Mengjin County, Henan Province) on the south bank of the Yellow River, and 800 governors rushed to participate. The situation that people's hearts are isolated from Zhou and Zhou has been formed, and governors have urged King Wu to March immediately. King Wu and Jiang Shang thought the time was not yet ripe. After crossing the Yellow River, the troops ordered the whole army to return and warned everyone not to rush in. Because the time is not yet fully ripe, the team has returned to North Korea. This preview of commercial sabotage is called "Jin Meng Conference" or "Jin Meng Watching Soldiers" in history.
After King Wu beheaded Jin Meng to see the soldiers, King Wu stepped up his training and sent people to spy on the Shang Dynasty. After listening to the spies' three reports, I realized that the Shang Dynasty had been "turning evil into use, staying loyal and staying away": Prince Bigan was cut open and his heart was dug; Ji Zi pretended to be crazy and was punished as a slave; Wei Zi felt hopeless and had left for seclusion. People dare not complain. King Wu felt that the Shang Dynasty had fallen apart and the time was ripe to conquer Zhou Wang.
In the spring of the fourth year after King Wu ascended the throne, an unprecedented war to destroy commerce broke out. Thanks to Jiang Shang, he sent 50,000 troops across the Yellow River. When the army arrived in Jinmeng, 800 governors also led the troops to help, and King Wu held a swearing-in meeting in Jin Meng. In a solemn atmosphere, Ji Fa held Huang Yue, a symbol of the command of the army, in his left hand and a hairy-tailed stick in his right hand. Accompanied by Lu Shang and his uncle, he boarded the earthen altar and made a famous oath to all the soldiers, which was called "pastoral oath" by later generations:
The situation map of Shang Dynasty, dear friends, princes and princes, Yi Yin ignored the national politics, showed no respect for God and Tao, abandoned his compatriots, tyrannized the people and was resentful. Now, God commands me to punish Yin Guoxing. Soldiers, raise your weapons and shields and fight like tigers and bears. Work hard, guys!
The swearing-in ceremony was over. After the swearing-in, King featuring led an army to cross Chao Ge and swept all the way. Soon he reached Konoha, which is only 70 miles away from Chao Ge. The armies of both sides lined up in battle near Konoha.
Zhou Wang thinks he has 700,000 military forces, while He has only 50,000. It's like throwing eggs on a stone and moths into a fire. But he didn't know that King Wu's army was a well-trained and elite division, and it was brave and tenacious. More than half of his 700,000 troops were slaves who were temporarily armed and captured from Dongyi. They were oppressed and abused by Zhou Wang on weekdays, and they hated Zhou Wang. Who will work for him? So when the two armies confronted each other, the slaves surrendered in succession and cooperated with Zhou Jun to attack the Shang Army, and Zhou Wang's so-called 700,000 troops suddenly fell apart. Therefore, Zhou Jun pursued his victory and reached Chao Ge.
After Konoha's defeat, Zhou Wang fled back to Chao Ge and felt powerless. He ordered all the treasures in the palace to be moved to Lutai and then burned himself to death. When they heard that Zhou Wang was dead, they lined up to welcome Zhou Jun into the city. King Wu went into town and came to Lutai. When he saw the corpse, he shot three arrows, cut off da ji's head and hung it under a white flag outside the courtroom. Two of Zhou Wang's minions, Eli and Fei Zhong, were also beheaded. When the group is fierce, people are quick. From then on, the Shang Dynasty, which lasted for more than 600 years, completely perished with the self-immolation of the evil Zhou Wang, and was known as King Yin Ke in history.
The historical facts about King Wu's crusade against merchants can be proved by the profits of the first batch of cultural relics that were forbidden to go abroad for exhibitions. Also known as Zhengshang Turtle, it is a sacrificial vessel made by Li, an official of the period. 1976 was unearthed in Lintong, Shaanxi Province, and is the earliest bronze ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty. There are 4 lines and 32 words engraved on Li Chan's abdomen, to the effect that the prince of Wu cut the merchants, and the morning star of Jiazi was in its place, which was suitable for conquest; Eight days after the defeat of Shang Dynasty, in Xinxu, Li felt honored to reward "Yousi" with copper coins at the local military station, so he cast a treasure with copper coins to commemorate this event. The historical facts recorded by Li Chan confirmed the records of Shangshu Pastoral Poetry Oath, Yizhoushu Tianxia Prison and other documents.
In the Book of Songs, the battle against Konoha is sung like this: "Wei is still a father and a young man." In the battle of Konoha, King Wu was the commander in chief, and Tai Wang Gong was the commander in chief. Perhaps he was holding a military flag with an eagle emblem, fluttering in the wind and fighting spirit, so he was called "Konoha Boy".
The Shang Dynasty perished and the Zhou Dynasty was established, with Haojiang as its capital (now southwest of Xi, Shaanxi). Zhou Wuwang named his father, Ji Chang, King of Literature and enfeoffed the vassal.
Due to overwork, Ji Fa fell ill the year after he terminated his business. At that time, the world was not peaceful, and Zhou's ministers were worried that Ji Fa's death would bring unrest. After a slight improvement, Ji Fa's condition deteriorated rapidly. On his deathbed, he was still obsessed with this restless world. He was worried that his son Song Ji was still young, lacked political experience and was unable to shoulder the heavy responsibility of managing the world, so he entrusted all the major events of Fuzheng to his uncle.
Ji Fa's rule collapsed in 19, and he was nicknamed "King of the Warrior".
After the Battle of Makino, the prince of Wu entered the business capital and was divided into Zhai, Yong and Wei San countries. His son Lu Fu (that is, Wu Geng) was sealed, and Yong and Wei were managed by the prince's younger brothers Xian and Cai Shu, respectively, and they were collectively called the three prisons (one said to supervise Wei, and then sent troops to pacify the Shang Dynasty governors who had not surrendered). According to records, 99 conquerors surrendered to 652 countries.
In the fourth year of King Wu (about 1046 BC), after King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he returned to the Western Regions and held a grand ceremony in Haojiang (that is, Zhou Zong, now the north wind and water east of Xi 'an, Shaanxi), officially announcing the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty.
After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the political situation faced was quite severe. King Wu and the king of a "small country" ruled such a large area that he was afraid that the princes would rebel. In order to consolidate the political power and meet the needs of the new situation, it was decided to appoint people on their merits, adjust the internal relations of the ruling group, and implement the political system of enfeoffment centered on the Zhou royal family. , Zhao, etc. In order to control the vast newly conquered areas, the feudal system of Shang Dynasty was adopted at the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, and the royal family, heroes and nobles of the previous generation were enfeoffed to become vassals and established vassal states. Lu, Qi, Yan, Wei, Song, Jin, Guo, etc. 7 1 vassal state.
Zhou Wuwang's feudalism has three main purposes:
1. To appease the Yin people: to establish three kingdoms around Yin, namely Yi, Yong, Wei, Huo Shu, Cai Shu, to monitor Wu Geng. This move clearly tells the world that exterminating foreigners is a crime of hanging the people, and there is no intention to exterminate Yin and worship the people, so as to appease the Oriental Yin people.
Second, carry forward the past and carry forward the future: Feng Jiao, Zhu, Ji, Chen and Qi are descendants of emperors who have made meritorious deeds to the people, to show their respect for virtue and good deeds, which is inspiring.
Third, the immigration reality: Qi, Lu and Yan are Zhou's new areas in the East. These feudal countries attacked the real border of immigrants, and they had the intention of regional development and feeding their soldiers. At the same time, in the application of policies, it can be said that they have established a containment force behind the Yin nationality.
Patriarchal system Patriarchal system sprouted as early as the primitive clan period, but as a complete system for maintaining aristocratic relations, it was the Western Zhou Dynasty. After the abolition of merchants in Zhou Wuwang unified the world, under the patriarchal clan system, a systematic and complete management system was formed, in which "the emperor established the country, the princes established the family, the Qing Dynasty set up a side room, there were two doctors, and scholars were slaves".
Patriarchal clan system is a kind of right inheritance system that distinguishes relatives and friends according to their blood relationship. It originates from the patriarchal clan system, and its core is the eldest son inheritance system, which is mainly used to distinguish the relationship between relatives and friends. The purpose is to establish the status and property inheritance right within the family, improve and consolidate the enfeoffment system, and prevent disputes between nobles due to power inheritance. Because of the right to inherit property within the family, most of them are respected by ordinary clans, that is, the so-called "respecting ancestors and families."
The mining field system is coordinated with the enfeoffment system in political organization, the patriarchal clan system in social organization, and the ritual system in cultural thought. Zhou Wuwang implements the well field system in economy. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, roads and ditches crisscrossed and divided the land into "well"-shaped squares, so it was called "ore field". The mining field belongs to the king of Zhou and is distributed to the people. The Lord can not buy or sell, not transfer the mine field, but also pay a certain tribute. The Lord forced the people to collectively cultivate the mine field, surrounded by private fields and in the middle by public fields. Zhou Wang gave the land to the governors layer by layer, and the governors gave the fiefs to Qing Dafu, and Qing Dafu gave the land to his descendants and governors. Zhou Wang has the right to seize fiefs. Nobles at all levels have only the right to use land, but no ownership. They can only enjoy it from generation to generation, and cannot be transferred or bought or sold. The sealed person also has an obligation to the king, that is, to pay tribute to the king. In this way, the king of Zhou effectively controlled the vast territory and bound the people to the small-scale peasant economy under the feudal system.
The well field system in ancient China was different from the manor system in the west, accompanied by different political systems. In the western manor system, a large area of cultivated land is cultivated by farmers together, and farmers are attached to the land, so they are serfs, that is, slavery. The landlord is a nobleman. China's well-field system divides the land into wells, and farmers are not attached to the land; Although land ownership is aristocratic, farmers are not serfs, so the political systems of China and the West are naturally different. Therefore, strictly speaking, there was no slave society or primitive communist society in ancient China, and it was only a short feudal society. After Shang Yang abolished the mining field system, the political system implemented in China was actually a centralized system based on the county system.
After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Zhou Wuwang, a series of unprecedented major measures were launched, the core idea of which was "respecting heaven and protecting people". Since then, Jizhou, Shaanxi Province has become the founder of Chinese civilization-feudal system in political organization, patriarchal system in social organization, Jing Tian system in economic organization and ritual system in culture and thought, which has influenced China for more than 3,000 years.
The ritual system of the Zhou Dynasty should be completely called the ritual and music system, which is divided into two parts. The ritual part mainly divides people's identity and social norms, and finally forms a hierarchical system. The music part is mainly based on the hierarchy of rites, and uses music to alleviate social contradictions. The former is the foundation and premise of all systems, while the latter is the form and guarantee of system operation.
Zhou Li strictly distinguishes and limits the position of each individual in the society, imposes mandatory constraints on people from the national system and patriarchal clan system, and establishes a hierarchical and differentiated society. In such a society, in order to maintain harmony between people, the rulers take the inspiration of music and spiritual culture as the basic way to communicate their feelings, and resolve all kinds of opposites and contradictions brought about by hierarchical and orderly ceremonies.
Zhou Wuwang has a broad mind and long-term vision, but also has the ability to act decisively. Seeing the helplessness of the Shang Dynasty, he won the support of the broad masses of the people under the banner of pleading for the people and doing good for the sky, thus greatly expanding his strength and influence. In the process of cutting Zhou, he personally led the military forces into the Song Dynasty with fearless spirit and was caught off guard. At the same time, Zhou Wuwang is loved by people because of his outstanding personal charm, which is also an important reason for his support.
Celebrities commented on The Book of Songs Shi Daming: When young, when cool.
A ge: the revolution in the Tang and Five Dynasties relied on nature and the people.
The first poem: Heaven regards oneself and others, and Heaven listens to oneself and others. The people gave it to a man, and now I have to go.
"On the Military Strategy": "Therefore, when the soup is not read one by one, the punishment of the king of Wu is not to win the battle with Jiazi, but to plow ahead. This is the so-called benevolent soldier. "
Shang Yang: Tang Wu is king, not chasing the past. Yan Xia died rudely.
Mencius: I have heard that the king of Wu killed Danfu, but I have never heard of killing the king.
Family members, parents and father: Zhou Wen and Wang Jichang.
Mother: Tess
My brother's eldest brother: Bo Yi Kao (Ji Kao), and my mother is Tess. die young
Third brother: Guan Shu Xian (Ji Xian), mother thinks too much. With Cai Shudu and Huo Shuchu, they were also called the Three Supervisors at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, guarding the adherents of the Shang Dynasty, and then launched the rebellion of the Three Supervisors to denounce the Duke of Zhou. Defeated and killed. This country was abolished.
Fourth brother: Zhou Gongdan (Ji Dan), whose mother is Taiwei, also known as Duke Zhou and Zhou Gongdan.
Fifth brother: Cai Shudu (Du Ji), mother Taisi. Together with Guan Shu Xian, Huo Shuchu and Wu Geng, they launched the famous Three Prisons Chaos, denouncing the Duke of Zhou. After the defeat, he was exiled to Guo Lin, where he died. Duke Zhou ordered Zhongji, the son of Cai Shudu, to be located in Cai.
Sixth brother: Cao Shu Zhen Duo (Ji Zhenduo)
Seventh brother: Xi Wu Shu (Wu Ji), mother is Tai Cong.
Eighth brother: Huo Shuchu (Ji Chu), mother is Taisi. Together with Xian, Cai Shu and Wu Geng, they launched the famous Three Prisons Rebellion, denouncing the Duke of Zhou. After the defeat, he was exiled to Shu Ren, and Zhou Gongdan ordered Huo Shuchu's son to inherit the monarch of Huo.
Ninth brother: Wei Kangshu (Ji Feng), mother is Taisi. After putting down the rebellion in the Three Prisons, in the former Shang Dynasty, Wei was established by songs, and Kang Shu was moved to Wei.
The tenth brother: Ran Jizai (Jizai), and his mother is Taisi. The four brothers sealed the season and took them to Yong State. In today's west of Yingzhou, Henan Province, Zhou assisted.
Eleventh brother: Shu Gao.
Twelfth brother: Yongbo
Thirteen brothers: Mao Shuzheng (Zheng Ji)
Fourteenth brother: Cuoshu embroidery (Ji embroidery)
Fifteenth brother: Bi Gaogong (high-tech)
Sixteen brothers: Yuan Bo
Seventeenth brother: Tan Hou
Eighteen brothers: Bian Bo
Wife and Queen: Jiang Yi, surnamed Jiang, daughter of Lu Shang in Qi Taigong.
Son Zhou Chengwang Song Ji
branch secretary
Tang Shuyu
Yinghou
simple and honest
Eldest daughter: Daji, wife of Chen Hugong, the monarch of the State of Chen.
Future generations commemorate the mausoleum of Zhou Wuwang.
Zhou Wuwang Mausoleum is located in Wulingyuan, the northern suburb of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. The administrative division belongs to Zhouling Street in Weicheng District, 5 kilometers away from Xianyang City.
Because Zhou Wuwang Mausoleum is located in the north of Zhou Wenwang Mausoleum, there is Zhou Chengwang Mausoleum, son of Zhou Wuwang, in the southwest of Zhou Wenwang Mausoleum, in the west of Xinzhuang Village, southeast of Zhou Wenwang Mausoleum, there is Zhou Kangwang Mausoleum, son of Zhou Chengwang, about 1.8km southwest of Zhou Chengwang Mausoleum, and there are tombs of Zhou Kangwang's great-grandson and the sixth generation of Western Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, the folk use the image of "holding children and grandchildren" to summarize the distribution form of Zhouling in this area.
Zhou Wuwang Mausoleum is located in the north of Zhou Wenwang Mausoleum. There are new concrete steps in front of the mausoleum. On the platform, there is a tall stone tablet building with four characters of "Zhou Wuwang Mausoleum" on it, which was set up by Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi Province in the Qing Dynasty.
Anecdotal story tells that when Jiang Ziya, the king of Wu, helped the king of Wu to attack Zhou, he met a brave warrior on the March, but no one knew it at that time. Jiang Ziya thought it was powerful and extraordinary, so he tried his best to subdue it, took it as his mount, and won many battles with it. Seeing that this brave animal is so brave and magical, he gave it a formal title "Cloud".
King Wu and noodles with minced meat originated in the Zhou Dynasty. According to legend, when Zhou Wuwang hacked people in Qishan, he met a monster like a dragon. Kill the monster, in order to boost morale, decided to share the monster meat. But there were too many people to share, so I made soup and everyone shared a bowl. It was delicious. This is also the prototype of Qishan noodles with minced meat.
Juqiao Fasu Juqiao, an ancient bridge, is located in Zhanggeji Village, Guangzong County, Hebei Province. After the destruction of Zhou Wuwang, Nangong was sent to distribute the grain from the giant bridge warehouse to help the hungry people, which was called the giant bridge and millet in history. The appearance of the Giant Bridge shows that the administrative methods in the Zhou Dynasty were completely different from those in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, that is, from "respecting God and abandoning children" to "respecting heaven and protecting the people", which was a concrete embodiment of Zhou Wuwang's benevolent government and played a demonstration role in stabilizing the people's hearts at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty.
Artistic Image Literary Image The characters in the masterpiece Romance of the Gods by Xu, a famous writer in Ming Dynasty, overthrew the rule of the Zhou Dynasty with the help of Jiang Ziya, and opened the 800-year history of the Zhou Dynasty. The image of King Wu in multi-edition TV series "List of Gods" and comic book "Legend of Nezha" is related to the romance of Gods.
The film and television image Zhang Xiaolin plays Ji Fa (Lan Tianye version of the list of gods)
Zhang Songzhi plays Ji Fa (Chen Musheng version of "The List of Loyalty and Righteousness")
Zhou Jie plays Ji Fa (Ma Jingtao version of Qishan in Feng Ming)
Huang Weide plays Ji Fa (Ruby Lin version of "The Prince of God")
Johnny plays Ji Fa (Sammul Chan version of Heroes of the Gods)