Wang Meng (325 ~ 375) was born in Beihai, Shanxi (now southeast of Shouguang County, Shandong Province). Wang Meng is handsome and tall, heroic, cautious and solemn, deep and resolute, broad-minded, indifferent to trivial matters, and even more disdainful of dealing with laymen, so he is often despised and laughed at by shallow and flashy children. Wang Meng is carefree and never cares. Live in seclusion in Huayin Mountain.
In 354 AD, Huan Wen of the Eastern Jin Dynasty made a northern expedition, and after defeating Fujian of the former Qin Dynasty, he stationed troops on Bashang (now the east of Xi City, Shaanxi Province). Guanzhong elders rushed to bring wine as a reward, and men and women gathered together. Wang Meng also wore a linen coat and went to the camp to ask for an audience. In full view, birds of prey catch lice and talk with Huan Wen about world affairs, but no one is watching. Huan Wen secretly marveled, and asked, "I was ordered by Tian Zi to lead 100,000 elite soldiers to kill pests for the people, but no one in Guanzhong came to help me. Why? " Wang Meng replied, "Your Excellency has come a long way to invade the territory, Chang 'an is close at hand, but you haven't crossed the swimming water. Everyone can't figure out what you think, so no one came. " A word touched Huan Wen's heart and he was speechless at the moment. After a long silence, Huan Wen said, "Your talent is unparalleled in Jiangdong." Soon, Huan Wen decided to withdraw. Before he left, he presented Wang Meng with a luxury car and a senior official to invite Wang Meng to go south together, but Wang Meng refused.
Fu Jian, a former Qin general, was ambitious and had long heard of Wang Meng's reputation. He immediately sent Lu Po Lou to beg Wang Meng to come out of the mountain. The two sides hit it off as soon as they met, and they talked about great things and speculated every word. Fu Jian compared him to Zhuge Liang. In the first year of Shengping in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (357), Fu Jian was the King of Qin and Wang Meng was the assistant minister of Zhongshu.
Wang Meng made outstanding achievements and was soon promoted to Zuo Cheng, who was also the minister of Xianyang literature and history and Jing Zhaoyin. As soon as he was transferred to Beijing and Zhao Yin, he heard that Fu Jian's wife and younger brother, Qiang De, committed crimes of drinking, robbed people's property and robbed men and women, which was a great disaster for the people. Wang Meng was not afraid, so he immediately killed him and buried his body in the city. Wang Meng also cooperated with Qiang in remonstrance, severely investigated and dealt with officials who harmed the people and disorderly government, and treated more than 20 lawless dignitaries in more than a month. As a result, the officials were shocked, held their breath cunningly and ordered a ban. Fu Jian sighed with emotion: "Until today, I didn't know that there is law in the world, and the son of heaven is noble! 」
At the age of 36, Wang Meng was promoted five times in a year, from the official Zuo Cheng to the official Zuo Fushe. He was a general of the auxiliary country and a captain of the official department, and was in power at home and abroad at that time.
Wang Meng not only showed outstanding talent in government affairs, but also showed outstanding military talent and general demeanor in the campaign of unifying the army. From the first year of Taihe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (366), he led an army to attack Jingzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, crusaded against the rebellion of the leaders of Qiang brigades, and reached Tianxi Zhang, the former imperial clan of Qin Dynasty, which pacified the rebellion of Liu, Shuang, Yi and Wu, and cleared the obstacles on the way to the Central Plains. In September of the 4th year of Taihe (369), Wang Meng led an army to rescue Yan Qian and defeated the Eastern Jin army of the Northern Expedition with Yan Qian. A few months later, he led an army to attack Yan Qian, which made great contributions to the leveling of Yan Qian.
After Yan Qian's downfall, Fu Jian rewarded Wang Meng, appointed him as the commander-in-chief of the six countries in Kanto, the general riding chariots and the general guarding Yecheng, and allowed him to act cheaply within the six countries. He chose the chief and county magistrate himself, and he only needs to inform the official department afterwards.
In June of the second year of Xian 'an in Jin Dynasty (372), Fu Jian asked Fu Rong to take over guarding Yecheng, transferred Wang Meng back to the capital, and appointed him as Prime Minister, Book Supervisor, Official Book Order, Prince Taifu and Li Si as a captain, and granted Wang Meng the right to decide all military, political and internal affairs. Wang Meng did not bear the great trust and presided over the political affairs. After the Qing Dynasty, good and evil were clearly distinguished and people made the best use of them. The official said that he was doing his job, persuading farmers to teach mulberry and training the army, with good order and a new atmosphere. The pre-Qin dynasty gradually presented a new situation of enriching the country and strengthening the people.
In June of the third year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (375), Wang Meng became ill from overwork. Worried, Fu Jian prayed for Wang Meng personally and sent courtiers to visit famous mountains and rivers. Wang Meng's condition improved slightly, and Fu Jian was overjoyed and ordered an amnesty for prisoners below the death penalty.
In July this year, Wang Meng was critically ill, and Fu Jian personally went to see him and asked about the funeral. On his deathbed, Wang Meng said to Fu Jian earnestly: "Although the Jin Dynasty was isolated in the south of the Yangtze River, it was orthodox in China, and now it is peaceful and prosperous. After I die, I hope your majesty will never try to cut gold. Xianbei, Xiqiang and other defected nobles are our enemies and will become a scourge sooner or later. For the benefit of the country, we should gradually eradicate them. " With these heartfelt words, Wang Meng passed away. Fu Jian visited the coffin three times and wept bitterly. He said to Prince Fu Hong, "It seems that God doesn't want me to unify the world. Why did it take away my scenery so quickly? " After Wang Meng's death, Fu Jian buried Wang Meng ceremoniously according to the burial method of Fu General Huo Guang in Han Dynasty, and made him a marquis of Wu.
After Fu Jian did not listen to Wang Meng, he attacked the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was defeated by Xie An in World War I..
Xie An was born in a noble family, and was influenced by his family since childhood, with good morality, intelligence and courtesy.
Xie an sideways photo
Have good cultivation in all aspects. When he was four years old, Huan Yi, a celebrity in Qiaoxian County, met him and admired him very much. He said, "This son has a beautiful god, so don't lose it (that is, Wang Cheng, a celebrity in the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty)."
Wang Dao, the prime minister at that time, also attached great importance to Xie An, who enjoyed a high reputation in the upper class when he was a teenager. But Xie An doesn't want to hunt for high officials and high salaries by virtue of his birth and fame. The Eastern Jin court first recruited him into Situfu, and later appointed him as an assistant writer, which was rejected by Xie An on the pretext of illness.
Later, Xie An refused to woo, and simply lived in seclusion in Dongshan, Huiji, making frequent friends with celebrities and monks such as Wang Xizhi, Xu Xun and Zhi Daolin. He fished mountains and rivers when he went out, recited literature when he went in, and enjoyed himself in the mountains with prostitutes, but he didn't want to be an official. At that time, Yu Ping, the secretariat of Yangzhou, admired Xie An's reputation and ordered county officials to supervise him many times. Xie An had no choice but to summon him. Just over a month later, he resigned and returned to Huiji. Later, the court recruited many soldiers, but Xie An still refused. This caused many ministers' dissatisfaction and accused Xie An in succession. Therefore, the court made a decision to imprison Xie An for life and was pardoned by the emperor. But Xie An shrugged it off and took it in stride.
37 1 year (the first year of Xian 'an) was a crucial year for the Eastern Jin court. Huan Wen is a very powerful minister. He wanted to make contributions to the Central Plains to improve his reputation, but he was defeated in World War I.. In order to restore his reputation, he accepted Chi Chao's suggestion, deposed Sima Yi in the first year of Xian 'an, and made Hui Ji Wang Sima Yu emperor of Jian Wendi. At this time, Xie An has served as an assistant, and soon he was promoted to the official department minister. He knew Huan Wen's ambition, and knew that Jian Wendi was not much better than the deposed Sima Yi, but his speaking level was slightly higher, but he remained loyal to the imperial court and tried his best not to let Huan Wen succeed in his attempt to usurp power. Xie An and the king of Taiyuan, the king of Langya, and the soldiers fought together.
In 372 AD (the second year of Xian 'an), Jian Wendi died in fear less than a year after he ascended the throne. Prince Sima Yao acceded to the throne as Emperor Xiaowu. Originally full of expectations, Jian Wendi gave up the throne to his own Huan Wen before he died, which was a great disappointment.
In 373 AD (the first year of Corning) II
Xie An sideways like [8]
On the grounds of visiting Beijing to pay homage to Jian Wendi, he led an army to Jiankang City and prepared to assassinate Xie An and others. He ambushed the soldiers in Xinting in advance and ordered Xie An and Wang to be summoned. The Queen Mother Chu Garlic ordered Xie An to meet Wang in the new pavilion.
At that time, people in Beijing were very scared, and Wang was also very scared. He asked Xie An what to do. Xie An said calmly, "Eugene's life and death depend on this line." Wang crustily skin of head with Xie An out of the city to Huan Wen camp, sweating like a pig, clothes are all wet, and the chessboard in his hand is upside down. Xie An calmly sat down, and then said to Huan Wen with a big smile: "I heard that princes were stationed in all directions, so why did Gong Ming ambush his soldiers behind his back?" Huan Wen had to awkwardly ordered the removal of the ambush.
Because of Xie An's wit and composure, Huan Wen always dared not lay hands on them, and soon returned to Gu Shu. The imminent crisis was calmly resolved by Xie An. In March of the same year, Huan Wen was seriously ill. After returning to menstruation, my condition became more and more serious. But he is still imagining that he can win the honor of adding nine tin, and he keeps sending people to urge him. Xie An deliberately procrastinated, repeatedly revised the prepared letters, and delayed sending them. Huan Wen finally didn't get what he wanted and died with regret. [9]
After Huan Wen's death, Xie An was appointed as a servant and official of Shangshu, and jointly managed the state affairs with Shangshu official Wang Biao. A few months later, Wang was appointed as the secretariat of Xuzhou, and Xie An was also the general secretariat province, actually in charge of the state affairs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In order to ease contradictions and stabilize the political situation, Xie An implemented the ruling policy of focusing on the long-term and focusing on harmony and stability. He didn't use Huan Wen's death to destroy Huan's group, but still trusted and reused Huan Wen's younger brother Huan Chong, and made him the military commander of Xu, Yu, Yan, Qing and Yang and the secretariat of Xuzhou, responsible for guarding the mouth of Beijing, and later transferred to the military commander of seven states and concurrently served as the secretariat of Jingzhou. Huan Chong also deeply understands the important principle, thinking that his moral expectation is not as good as Xie An's, and he is willing to take guarding the Quartet as his own responsibility. Xie An led the secretariat of Yangzhou, and finally achieved the goal of "balance between Jing and Yang, then the world is peaceful", obtained the understanding and cooperation of the Huan family, and established a relatively stable defense front to jointly deal with the former dynasties in the north. At that time, people praised Xie An and compared him to Wang Dao, while Wen Ya was better.
In the first year of Taiyuan (376), Sima Zhi, the filial piety emperor, began to take charge of state affairs, and was promoted to the position of supervisor of the Chinese Library, in charge of minister affairs. Chen became the last "big official" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the same year, Fu Jian unified northern China, and the war between the former Qin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty drew near. At that time, in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were controlled by Huan family, and the lower reaches were Xie family. Xie An tried his best to reconcile the relationship between Huan and Xie and prepare for the coming war.
Later, he led the secretariat of Yangzhou, and ordered Xie An to take 100 people into the temple. He visited the Chinese Library Supervisor, a title of generals in ancient times, and recorded this history. Xie An abdicated the ancient general. Soon, Stuart was added, giving military leave to Shi Zhong, Du Du Yang, Yu, Xu, Yanqing and Yan. [ 10]
After internal stability, Xie An turned his attention to the threat from the north. At that time, the former Qin Dynasty became more and more powerful under the rule of Fu Jian, and the troops of the Eastern Jin Dynasty were repeatedly defeated in the battle with the former Qin Dynasty.
In 377 AD (the second year of Taiyuan), Guangling lacked elite soldiers to defend. Xie An, regardless of other people's comments, strongly recommended his nephew Xie Xuan as Yanzhou secretariat, guarding Guangling, and being responsible for the military defense of the front line north of the Yangtze River. Xie Anze personally supervised military affairs in Yangzhou, Yuzhou, Xuzhou, Yanzhou and Qingzhou, and was in charge of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Xie Xuan failed his uncle's trust. He selected elite soldiers in Guangling, trained elite soldiers, selected Liu Laozhi, He Qian and others, and trained soldiers from the northern government soldiers.
In 378 AD (the third year of Taiyuan), Fu Pi, a former Qin general, led 70,000 troops to attack Xiangyang. Fu Jian also sent more than 100,000 people to camp in Xiangyang in three ways. Xiangyang Shoujiang Zhu Xu kept his position for nearly a year.
In 379 AD (four years in Taiyuan), the city finally fell. Fu Jian sent Peng Chao to besiege Pengcheng, and the battle of Huainan in Qin Jin broke out. Xie An in health protection, while Xie Xuan rate fifty thousand north government soldiers, from straight up to meet them. Xie Xuan won four out of four wars and destroyed Qin Jun. After the war, Xie An was made the duke of Jianchang County and Xie was made the marquis of Dongxing County.
In 383 AD (Taiyuan eight years), Fu Jian led the so-called hundred.
Related commemorative activities (3)
Wan led the army south with the aim of annexing the Eastern Jin Dynasty and unifying the world. At that time, the military situation was critical and health was in shock. But Xie An remained as cool as a cucumber, taking charge of the military power with the attitude of conqueror, and sent Xie Shi, Xie Xuan, Xie Yan, Huan Yi and others to resist with an army of 80,000. Xie Xuan's northern soldiers are very brave.
However, the former Qin Dynasty was ten times bigger than the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Xie Xuan was a little nervous. Before departure, Xie Xuan specially went to Xie An's house to say goodbye and ask for instructions on how to fight this battle well. I didn't expect Xie An to listen as if nothing had happened and replied faintly: "I already have a plan." Xie Xuan thought, Xie An might charge something. After waiting for a long time, Xie An still didn't speak. Xie Xuan returned home, the in the mind is not steadfast. Every other day, he invited his friend Zhang Xuan to see Xie An and asked him to inquire about Xie An's situation.
Xie An saw Zhang Xuan and didn't talk to him about military affairs. He immediately invited him to a villa in his mountain. When we got there, many celebrities arrived first. Zhang Xuan had no chance to ask. Xie An invited Zhang Xuan to play Go with him and joked with Zhang Xuan, saying that he would bet on the villa. Zhang Xuan is a good chess player. He always wins when he plays chess with Xie An. However, on this day, Zhang Xuan didn't have the heart to play chess at all, barely managed to cope, and of course lost. After playing chess, Xie An invited everyone to enjoy the mountain scenery all day and didn't go home until dark. That evening, he called Xie Shi, Xie Xuan and other generals home and explained everyone's tasks one by one. Seeing that Xie An was so calm and confident, they happily returned to the barracks.
When Huan Chong heard that Jingzhou was in a critical situation, he specially set aside 3,000 chosen men to go to Jiankang to defend the city. Xie An said to the soldiers sent, "I have arranged it here. You'd better go back and strengthen the defense in the west! " The soldier returned to Jingzhou and told Huan Chong that Huan Chong was worried. He said to the soldiers: "Xie Gong's bearing is really admirable, but he doesn't know how to use troops. Seeing that the enemy is coming, he is still so carefree: with so few troops, he sends some inexperienced young people to command. I think we must be in trouble. "
In May of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383), Huan Chong invested 100,000 Jingzhou soldiers in Qin to contain Qin Jun and relieve the downstream pressure. Fu Jian sent Fu Rui, Mu Rongchui, Yao Chang and Murong Yong to battle. He personally led 600,000 infantry and 270,000 cavalry, with his younger brother Rong as the pioneer, and invaded south in August. Xie An was ordered in a crisis, with Xie Shi as the former commander-in-chief, Xie Xuan as the pioneer, Xie Yan, Huan Yi and others, and led 80,000 military forces to meet Qin Jun in three ways. 1 1 month, Xie Xuan sent Liu Laozhi with 5,000 chosen men to make a surprise attack and won a great victory in Luo Jian. In December, the two sides fought a decisive battle in the water. The Jin army led by Xie Xuan, Huan Yi defeated the former Qin army led by Fu Jian and Fu Rong by 150,000, and joined hands to cut Fu Rong. The battle of Feishui ended in an all-round victory of 8 Jin Army.
Xie An was playing chess with the guests when the news came that 8 Jin Army was defeated in the battle of Feishui. After reading the good news, he put it next to his seat and quietly continued to play chess. The guest couldn't help asking him, and Xie An said firmly, "Nothing, the children defeated the enemy." Until the chess game was over and the guests left, Xie Cai couldn't restrain his joy and danced into the room, biting all the fangs at the bottom of the clogs. The victory of the Battle of Feishui made Xie An's reputation reach its peak. With the help of the presidential army, I entered Taibao. [ 1 1]
Working at heights is taboo.
Xie An Statue [12]
After the war, Xie An asked for the Northern Expedition, so Xie An was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Yang, Jiang, Jing, Si, Yu, Xu, Yan, Qing, Ji, You, He, Ning, Yi, Yong and Liang, and increased.
Huan Chong died shortly after the Battle of Feishui. Before he died, he entrusted Huan's children to Xie An. In order to stabilize the situation of "Jingyang Yangzhou balance", Xie An gave up the opportunity to take Xie Xuan as the secretariat of Jingjiang and other two states, and took Huan Zi as the post instead, which eased the relationship between Huan and Xie and stabilized the rear for the next large-scale Northern Expedition.
In August 384 (the ninth year of Taiyuan), Xie An set out for the Northern Expedition. East Road Xie led the northern government soldiers from Guangling to the north and recovered Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Sizhou and Yuzhou all the way. The Huan family in the middle road and the west road sent troops to conquer Luyang and Luoyang and recover Liangzhou and Yizhou. At this point, the situation that Qin Jin was bounded by Huaihe River-Hanshui River-Yangtze River before the Feishui War became the Yellow River, and the whole area south of the Yellow River was incorporated into the territory of the rulers again. [ 13]
Map of the North-South Situation from the Battle of Feishui to the Northern Expedition War
Xie An's advanced planning contributed to the great victory in the battle of Feishui. Moreover, Xie An has always taken an extremely calm attitude from "gambling in the villa" before the war to "children breaking thieves" after the war, which played a key role in stabilizing the health of the people at that time. The front-line generals of this war are also Xie Yan and others from Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, the direct children of Xie Jia. Xie Jia's popularity reached its peak, which aroused the vigilance of Sima's royal family, so that it was not until two years after Xie An's death that Sima Yao pursued Xie An to the Duke of Luling for meritorious service.
In April of 385 AD (the tenth year of Taiyuan), Xie An "retired as an industry", voluntarily handed over his power, and invited Guangling Town to take charge of the Northern Expedition. Soon, Liu Laozhi was defeated by Mu Rongchui in Yecheng, and Xie An had to adjust his deployment, turn the offensive to the defensive and consolidate the Yellow River defense.
In August, Xie An was seriously ill and returned to Beijing from Guangling for medical treatment. He entered Jiankang from Xizhoumen and died in Jiankang on the 22nd of the same month at the age of 66. The court posthumously awarded Xie An as a teacher, posthumous title Wenjing.