The author of The Scholars is Wu, a native of Quanjiao, Anhui Province. Born into a noble family with "scholarly family for generations", Wu family of Quanjiao was once prominent in the early Qing Dynasty. "Fifty years later, the family reached its peak." During the reign of Yongzheng and Qianlong, Wu gradually declined. It is this process that makes Wu get a glimpse of the truth of the world. He is "ambitious, ambitious, there is no shortcut, embarrassing." Since the age of 36, he never intended to take the imperial examination, nor did he refuse the imperial conquest. He stopped taking the traditional road of becoming an official and became famous, but lived in seclusion in Nanjing and dedicated his talents, emotions and deep feelings to the society.

brief Introduction of the content

The Scholars is a great realistic parody novel in the history of China literature. Its content is actually the Qing dynasty under the disguise of the Ming dynasty, and the characters are true in all likelihood. There is no coherent storyline in the book, but a series of relatively independent stories are connected in series. Focusing on the life and mental state of feudal literati, this paper starts with exposing the imperial examination system and its enslavement of the ugly souls of the following people, portrays all beings of different classes in a specific era, and attacks the stereotyped writing system that corrodes the souls of literati. Its language is accurate, vivid and refined, its characters are lifelike, its satirical techniques are superb and wonderful, and its art has reached a higher level. Mr. Lu Xun believes that The Scholars is "a book that can be called an opening satire".

The Scholars is a mirror of feudal society.

character introduction

The book focuses on depicting a group of scholars who are keen on fame and fortune, thus exposing and satirizing the decay of the imperial examination system and the hypocrisy of the whole feudal morality. Typical examples of corrupt Confucianism-Zhou Jin and Jin Fan; Typical corrupt officials-Tang Feng and Wang Hui; Typical stereotyped writing fans-edited by Lu: positive examples-Wang Mian and Du Fu. From Zhou Jin's crying, Jin Fan's laughing and Wang Yuhui's laughing and crying again, we can see that the author's pen does not refer to someone, but to the imperial examination system and feudal ethics. Therefore, when the author praises or criticizes characters, his satire always focuses on the essence of things to show his discretion. Different typical characters show different ideological and cognitive values.

theme

The Scholars, with the intellectuals in the feudal era as the main description object and the criticism of the imperial examination system as the central idea, depicts the broad social life of the feudal society, exposes all kinds of ugly phenomena at the end of the feudal society, and thus reveals the inevitable fate of this society.

Artistic feature

1. A remarkable artistic feature of this book is the sketch and silhouette of the characters.

2. Successfully applied the satirical art of realism.

3. Achieve a high degree of harmony and unity between comedy and tragedy.

Turn the ugliness of life into the beauty of art.

5. The novel depicts this universal social landscape and fundamentally reveals the destruction of talents by feudal system.

Evaluation of works

"Adhere to the public interest above all else and criticize the drawbacks. The direction in front of the plane, especially the stone forest; His writing is both harmonious and harmonious, and more ironic. " By exposing all kinds of absurd phenomena that are inharmonious and contrary to human common sense, we can inject boasting, boasting, self-cleverness, self-defeating, deceiving the world, pretending to be lofty and self-contradictory, etc. As Nikolai Gogol said, "Our liars, our monsters. ..... make everyone laugh. Laughter is really great. It doesn't take away life or land, but in front of it, you will bow your head and confess, like a tied rabbit. "

One of the artistic features of this book is the sketch and silhouette of the characters. The Scholars is a novel with a changing protagonist, or a novel composed of countless short stories. Through the detailed description of the life experience of the characters, in the tortuous story, the character characteristics and spiritual world of the characters can hardly be expressed. Therefore, Wu focused on the most dazzling human characteristics, thus showing a relatively static life in depth and detail. It's like taking a fragment from the long history of character development, and then turning around in front of people to enlarge the "this one" here and now. This is an excellent way to sketch satirize the characters, which makes the colors of the characters bright and clear, and the plot flows quickly, as if the face of the characters was sketched 10%, and the story will come to an end, and it is these exquisite plots that leave a deep impression on the readers.

Quotations of scholars

1.

From Chapter 29 of The Scholars. Even honest officials find it difficult to judge disputes and right and wrong within their families. It is difficult to tell clearly what is right and wrong within the family.

2. Things are cold and warm, and people are high and low.

From The Scholars, Chapters 5 and 5. It means that the world is full of human feelings, flattering people with high wealth and being cruel to people with low money.

It doesn't matter if you don't accept it.

From The Scholars, Chapters 5 and 5. Metaphor is not controlled by anyone, unrestrained and free.

4. Thirty years in Hedong, thirty years in Hexi

From The Scholars, Sixiu Meeting. Originally called Feng Shui, it is either in the east or in the west of the river. Of a constantly changing river course. A place belonged to Hedong thirty years ago and became Hexi thirty years later. Metaphor things change, ups and downs.

5. Return to Baoshan empty-handed.

From The Scholars Thirteen Returns. It's like going home empty-handed in a mountain full of treasures. Metaphor although met with a good opportunity, but nothing, or no benefit.

6. A dead magistrate is worse than a live mouse.

From The Scholars, the 18th Congress. Magistrate: ancient official name, prefecture-level chief executive. A magistrate who has stepped down or died is not as conspicuous as a live mouse. Describe the world as cold and snobbish.

7. Don't go to the table.

From the fourth chapter of The Scholars. Refers to people who are vulgar, rude and unable to socialize at the table. It also means that people can't help.

8. There is a golden house in the book, a thousand catties of millet in the book and Yan Ruyu in the book.

From The Scholars, the first five chapters. Golden house: refers to the rich hall. Thousands of millet: refers to a very generous official salary. Yan Ruyu: A beautiful woman as beautiful as flowers and jade. Suggested language. It used to be said that as long as a scholar studies hard, all fame and beauty can be obtained from books.

9. ants on hot bricks

The sixth chapter of The Scholars. Metaphor is in trouble, despair, panic and chaos. It also means to be very anxious and fidgety. Sui Shu's Legacy 24: This wall box, Prince and Capital ~.

10. The baby doesn't cry and the milk doesn't swell.

From Chapters 4 and 5 of The Scholars. Wazi: Baby. Milk: breasts. If the child doesn't cry or eat milk, the mother won't remember that the milk is swollen. Metaphor means that if there is nothing, you won't bother yourself.

1 1.

-from chapter 29 of Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars. Stay overnight. It is normal for couples to quarrel, but there will be no big differences and hatred. It is intended to persuade couples to understand each other and not to hold grudges.

12. Three years in the Qing dynasty, 100,000 snowflakes and silver.

Excerpted from chapter 8 of Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars. Clean and honest. Being a clean magistrate for three years can still accumulate 100 thousand snowflakes, so what will happen to a clean magistrate? This is to expose the reality of the prevalence of official corruption in the Qing Dynasty.

13. No harm, no harm.

Excerpted from the second chapter of Qing Wu Jingzi's Scholars. Yi: Pennisetum is just a kind of grass with poor ears. Disease: namely, green bristlegrass. All weeds are similar to crops, but not crops.

14. I have never eaten mutton, which makes me feel bad.

-from chapter 52 of Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars. Mutton: sheep are ashamed. Extending to smell like sheep. This sentence is a metaphor for getting into trouble instead of getting benefits from doing things.

15. Cover the curtains at home and fill the fat outside.

-from chapter 24 of Qing Wu Jingzi's Scholars. Curtains are made of quilts to describe the embarrassment at home. Fat man: it's just putting on airs, putting on a facade, and pretending to be broad. It means poor but pretending to be rich in front of others.

16. Money goes to business, but fire goes to the pig's head.

From chapter 13 of Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars. The metaphor of "burning a pig's head and rotting it" vividly reveals the dark reality that the officialdom of the Qing Dynasty can surpass the immortals with money, but can't move without money.

17. Old people are free, and patients are free.

Excerpted from chapter 12 of The Scholars by Qing Wu Jingzi. This means that neither the elderly nor the patients need to be too formal.

18. Study hard, plow well and study hard. It is difficult to start a business, but it is difficult to persist.

From Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars, Chapter 22. For yourself and your family, it is good to be willing to learn knowledge, and hard work will bring good results. It is certainly good to learn from morality, knowledge and ability. It is difficult to establish a business and family business, and it is even more difficult to keep the established business and family business. It is not difficult to advance despite difficulties. This is a common basic language training in China's farming era, emphasizing "farming and reading".

19. If the road is bumpy, draw your sword to help.

The Scholar by Qing Wu Jingzi. Unfair: unfair and unreasonable. When you encounter grievances on the road, draw a sword to help the bullied party. Describe resisting injustice, being brave and fearless.

20. The faucet is getting old.

Excerpted from the third chapter of The Scholars by Qing Wu Jingzi. Leading: refers to the champion of the imperial examination. Legend has it that Liang Hao was the 82-year-old scholar in the Song Dynasty. He wrote a poem: "I also know that young people are eager to get into the business and are mature in getting ahead." Later it was used to praise the old people who took the exam. It means that the champion belongs to an elderly person.

2 1. Smile.

The Scholar by Qing Wu Jingzi. Opening means stretching. Describe a very happy look.

22. A stone fell to the ground

From Chapters 4 and 5 of The Scholars. Metaphor worry about things doesn't matter, has been hanging heart down.

23. There is no hatred between husband and wife.

The Scholar by Qing Wu Jingzi. Even a good couple will inevitably quarrel, but there is no overnight feud between husband and wife. It is better to quarrel between husband and wife, because quarreling is a powerful communication. As long as you have a good grasp of the degree, don't assume that you will win every quarrel. It is enough to express one's dissatisfaction and leave a way out for the other party, which can not only vent emotions but also enhance feelings. Because couples have a deep emotional foundation and many opportunities for daily communication, the so-called "one-night hatred" is definitely impossible.

24. It is difficult to start a business and keep it.

From Chapter 22 of The Scholars. It is difficult to start a business, but the industry is not easy to keep.

25. feel dizzy

Excerpted from the second chapter of Qing Wu Jingzi's Scholars. Faint is groggy. Describe the appearance of being groggy, confused and depressed.

26. fantastic

Excerpted from Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars, Chapter 55. Freak means strange light. Land separation refers to all kinds of. Describe grotesque and colorful. It also describes things as bizarre and changeable.

27. bargain from the sky and pay back the money on the spot

Qing Wu quoted from The Scholars. The seller deliberately pays a high price, and the buyer is only willing to pay a low price. This is a description of the bargaining scene between buyers and sellers, and it also profoundly reveals the mentality of buyers and sellers: the buyer tries to raise the price in order to earn more profits; The buyer tries his best to reduce the price to protect his own interests and reduce his losses. Therefore, the essence of bargaining between buyers and sellers is the process of competing for interests between buyers and sellers.

28. Neat

From chapter 13 of Qing Wu Jingzi's The Scholars. Well well means clean and tidy. Described in an orderly way, without any confusion.

29. One family, one plan

Excerpted from The Scholars for 27 times. Refers to monogamous family life or property. It also extends to a family.

30. Flowers are in full bloom

Excerpted from the third chapter of The Scholars by Qing Wu Jingzi. Brocade refers to silk fabrics with exquisite patterns and bright colors. Cluster means to get together. Flowers are colorful. It also refers to beautiful and exquisite things.