Beijing Opera "Sandingjia"
That is, three outstanding Peking Opera, three outstanding Peking Opera, three outstanding Peking Opera, and three outstanding Peking Opera. It refers to three outstanding old Peking Opera actors: Cheng Changgeng, Yu Sansheng and Zhang Erkui.
Beijing Opera Xiao San Ding Jia
That is, Beijing Opera's new three outstanding figures, Beijing Opera's post-three outstanding figures, Beijing Opera's new three tripod armour and Beijing Opera's post-three tripod armour. It refers to three outstanding old actors in the second generation of Beijing Opera: Tan Xinpei, Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian.
Four beards
Senior actor of the third generation Beijing Opera. With the passage of time, the term "big four students" has also changed.
In the 1920s, the original "four big students" were Ma, Yan and Gao. Later, Gao was defeated by his voice and quit the stage. With the rise of Tan, the "Four Bears" evolved into: Yu, Ma, Yan and Tan (Fu Ying). In the forties and fifties of the 20th century, He Yan died one after another, and Yang and Xi Xiaobo became famous one after another, which had a nationwide influence. The "four big bears" that have been passed down to this day are Ma, Tan, Yang,.
Nanqi, Ma Bei and Guandong Soup
Kirin Tong (Zhou) in the south, Ma in the north, and Tang in the three northeastern provinces are all Peking Opera actors who are famous for their old operas. Their performances have different styles and characteristics, and they are commonly known as "Nanqi, Ma Bei and Guandong Hall" in the society to express their praise for their performing arts.
Four great dancers
During the period of 1927, the "Best Actor in the First Peking Opera" was held in Shuntian Times, Beijing, and Mei Lanfang, Cheng, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng were elected, which was known as the "Four Famous Dances" of Peking Opera.
Mei Lanfang (1894- 196 1), a native of Jiangsu, was born in a Beijing opera family. At the age of 8, he studied Chinese opera, and 1 1 took to the stage. He is good at Tsing Yi, and he can also play Beijing opera blues. Mei Lanfang has created and developed Dan Jiao's singing, recitation, dance, music, clothing and makeup in more than 50 years of stage practice, and has formed a unique artistic style, which is known as Mei School. He has a deep foundation, both civil and military; The typhoon is beautiful, very beautiful; Her mellow voice and charming singing style have created a large number of typical images of ancient women with different postures. The representative works of Mei School include Cosmic Front, Drunken Princess, Broken Bridge, Strange Double Meeting, Farewell My Concubine, Mu and so on. Mei Lanfang has led Beijing Opera Troupe to Japan, the United States and the Soviet Union for many times. He is an internationally renowned opera singer who has spread China's operas abroad.
Cheng (1904 ——1958), a Beijinger, studied drama since childhood, played Tsing Yi and studied under Mei Lanfang. He is brave in artistic innovation, pays attention to phonology and four tones, and pursues a high combination of "sound, emotion, beauty and water". According to his own voice characteristics, he created a kind of vocal style with soft throat, ups and downs, intermittent rhythm and varied changes, and formed a unique artistic style, which was called "Cheng School" internationally. Cheng is good at performing tragedies, and his plays such as Yuanyang Tomb, Tears on the Barren Mountain, Green Frost Sword and Anti-Marriage between Yingtai and Yuan mostly show the tragic fate of women in feudal society.
Shang Xiaoyun (1900 ——1976), a native of Hebei, has been in the training class since he was a child. 14 years old, was awarded the title of "the first children's musician". Start to learn martial arts, then correct Dan and play Beijing opera blues. He has a deep foundation, a broad and bright voice, and his singing skills are famous for his strength. He is known as the "Shang School" internationally. Representative works include Two Entering the Palace, Sacrifice Tower, Zhaojun Dike, Liang Hongyu and so on. They created many heroines and chivalrous women.
Xun Huisheng (1900- 1968), a native of Hebei, studied in Hebei Bangzi class since childhood. At the age of 19, he changed to Peking Opera and played Hua Dan and Peking Opera blues. He has a profound foundation, and can combine the advantages of Bangzi Opera and Hua Dan's performance in one furnace, forming a unique artistic style, and is known as "Xun School" in the world. He is good at playing innocent, lively and gentle female roles, and is famous for his plays such as Matchmaker, Golden Jade Slave, Dream of Red Mansions, Hairpin Phoenix and Looking for an Official Mother.
Four famous Peking Opera actors
Zhang Junqiu (1920- 1997)
Born in Dantu, Jiangsu. Father Teng, mother (Hebei Bangzi Qingyi actor), under the influence of her mother, likes opera since childhood. Due to the embarrassment of his family, Zhang Junqiu only studied in a private school for a few years, and then dropped out to study art. He was born smart, introduced by Li Duokui, studied under Li Lingfeng and studied Peking Opera in Tsing Yi (Li Lingfeng, a native of Jiading, Jiangsu Province, studied medicine before worshiping Wang Yaoqing). After starting school, he studied hard and made rapid progress with his talent and inspiration for art. 1935 made his debut in Beijing Jixiang Theatre and became popular with a novel "Women Began to Solve". 1936, Beijing Liyan Daily held a public vote to elect "Four Big Street Children", and Zhang Junqiu, Li Shifang, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu were selected, becoming one of the "Four Big Danish Celebrities" after the "Four Big Danish Celebrities". The press spoke highly of him, "Dressed like a gentle and elegant lady, like a plum; Singing, having a good voice, like Shang; Tone, euphemistic, like a trip; Doing things is steady and generous, and I like it. " His voice is "charming, clear and watery", sweet and fresh, high and low and free, stretching freely, the grandeur of Mei school, the rigidity of Shang school, the gentleness of Cheng school and the grace of Xun school, all of which are well integrated into his own performing art style. He initially cooperated with Lei Xifu, and later with Wang, Xiaodong Meng, Tan and Ma. Among them, he has cooperated with horses for the longest time and performed the most plays, such as Shiro's mother-in-law playing Princess in the Iron Mirror, Dragon and Phoenix playing, Red Bristle playing, and Fisherman's killing his son playing Small, Big, Tan and Second Performance. Zhang Junqiu is good at absorbing all kinds of arts for our use and constantly innovating. Through his re-creation, the old play has a new rhyme.
His artistic achievement lies in his unremitting efforts for decades, day and night, learning from others, boldly reforming and innovating the singing method of Peking Opera, and making great efforts to explore and create the Zhang School art which is well-known at home and abroad. Since the late1940s, the art of Zhang Painting School has begun to take shape. By 1956, the publication of Wangjiangge marked the formal formation of Zhang School's art, which was recognized at home and abroad. His champion media, the broken bridge of Jinshan Temple, Leifeng Pagoda, Liu Lanzhi, The West Chamber, Poetry Club, Hatred of Chu Palace, Story of Colorful Buildings, Fragrant Companion, Spring and Autumn Match, Beggar, Yutangchun, Zhenfei, Zhenfei. He pays attention to the scientific use of singing skills, keeps the resonance position accurate, has a smooth breath and a wide range. Through his singing, he can cope with 13 paragraphs of Peking Opera. His performance is dignified and subtle, natural and frank, and his makeup emphasizes the coordination between characters and situations to achieve artistic perfection. Mr. Zhang Junqiu is an outstanding opera performer in the field of Chinese Peking Opera art, especially in the field of Dandan Noodles's creation, who is brave in exploration, bold innovation and unremitting pursuit.
1956, the third group of Beijing Opera Troupe merged with Ma Peking Opera Troupe, and Tan merged with the second group of Qiu Peking Opera Troupe to form a powerful Beijing Opera Troupe. The famous artist cooperated with various schools and let a hundred flowers blossom. He made a comprehensive innovation in repertoire setting, vocal music creation, performance skills, stage art and costume props, which became a great event at that time. At the same time, Zhang Junqiu's artistic creation reached its peak. There are nearly 100 students now, all over the country, including Wang Rongrong, Zhao Xiujun, etc.
Song Dezhu (19 18- 1984)
Ming Lu Bao, also known as Yingzhi, is a native of Tianjin and was born in Beijing. 12 China Opera Vocational College, with a long history, successively studied under Yan, Professor Zhu Guifang Wu Dan, Yu, Professor Guo Jixiang, Hua Dan and Tsing Yi, and other famous artists. After graduation, I got guidance from Cheng and Yu. He dressed up as a beautiful warrior, with a graceful figure, fast and accurate fighting, and profound martial arts and acrobatics skills. He is good at performing Wu Dan's jokes and Beijing Opera blues. His plays include Yang Paifeng, Hu Jiazhuang, Cowboy, Jinshan Temple, Battle of Jinshan and Sizhou City. New repertoires include butterfly lovers, Cuiping Flower Cat, Game Peach Blossom, Kethleen Rouge and so on. Their performance is quite similar to that of the Yan school, and they are called "four famous dances" with Mao Shifang.
After the founding of New China, he taught in Hebei Art School.
Li Shifang (192 1- 1947)
Born in 192 1, died in 1947, and his father was Li Zijian, a famous Shaanxi Bangzi. When he was young, he joined Fu Liancheng, specializing in Tsing Yi and Hua Dan. Learn from Shang Xiaoyun, Wei and other famous teachers. Because of her hearty and sweet voice and elegant appearance, she was known as "Little Mei Lanfang" before leaving school. As a "world" class, Gao Feixia starred in Farewell My Concubine, Garden Palace and Pansi Cave. 1936, Mei Lanfang officially started her career, and immediately after she left the department, she sang in a class of Meipai's descendants, and was listed as the "Four Famous Dances" with Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu.
Sadly, after 1946 finished his performance in Shanghai, he flew back to Beijing on10.5/947. When passing through Qingdao, I was confused and flew into a mountain, and I was unfortunately killed. He is only 26 years old.
Mao Shilai (192 1- unknown)
People from Ye County, Shandong Province. At the age of 9, he joined Fu Liancheng as a trainee, worked in Hua Dan and performed martial arts. I come from Ye County, Shandong Province and have lived in Beijing for a long time. At the age of seven, he entered a rich age and studied in a class, where he was educated by Yu and Wang. I studied under Mei Lanfang. During his regular study, he became famous and was selected as one of the "four big children".
19 years old, studied under the teacher, organized the Peace Society, and performed in Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing, Shandong and other places. During this period, he also took Shang Xiaoyun, Xun Huisheng and Zhao Tongshan as his teachers. For example, Shang Xiaoyun was given the role of Shouchun in The Mirror of Gan Kun Fu Shou, which left a deep impression on the audience. He has performed with many musicians, such as Zhou, Li, Ye, and so on.
Mao Shilai has a clear voice and a beautiful white mouth. He is handsome and excellent in absenteeism, so he is famous for his ability to sing and dance. Hua Dan, Gui Dan, Meng Dan and Wu Dan are all good at portraying people of various personalities. He is especially good at Hua Dan plays. Although it is not as pungent as Xiao Cuihua, it is petite and charming and has the title of "Xiao Cuihua". He is good at Iron Bow Edge, Ying Jielie and Matchmaker.
The new "four little celebrities".
1947, due to the death of Li Shifang in Qingdao, Song Dezhu temporarily stepped down from the stage, which was the initiative of Beijing Chronicle to hold a new "Four Little Celebrities" election. Voting began on August 1 and was announced on September 15, which lasted for 45 days. Zhang Junqiu topped the list, and Xu was elected. The ranking is 35,730 votes, 27,256 votes, 24,309 votes and 23,578 votes. After the election, they performed The Legend of the Four White Snakes at the Hua Le Theatre. Xu performed "Borrowing an Umbrella from the Lake", "Water Mountain", "Breaking the Bridge and Closing the Bowl" and "Sacrificing the Tower Champion". After three consecutive days of performance, the venue was full and the pear garden was beautiful. Zhang Junqiu also won the reputation of "offering sacrifices to Tatan". However, in order to distinguish it from the previous "Danish Four Small Schools", Hexu was called the post-Danish Four Small Schools or the new "Danish Four Small Schools".
the Tang Dynasty
And,,,, Hao,, Xiaodong Meng, Hou Xirui, Lei Xifu, Yu Lianquan, Xu Biyun, Ma Fulu, Qiu Shengrong, Ye Shengzhang, Ye Shenglan, Gao Shenglin, Li Shengzao, Sun Shengwu, Yang Shengchun, Li Huiliang, Yuan Shihai, Zhao Yanxia and Guan Su.