1949 1 month, the huaihai campaign ended and Beiping was liberated soon. The Kuomintang troops were scattered, and the Kuomintang defenders in Qingdao saw that the future was hopeless and were forced to plan to retreat. American troops stationed in Qingdao have also been transferred to ships from 1. 12, ready to evacuate. In February, the property of the US troops stationed in Qingdao was handed over by the military to the US Consulate in Qingdao for safekeeping. Factories, shops and banks in Qingdao closed down one after another, some Kuomintang government officials and factory directors and managers withdrew from Qingdao to the south, and the Kuomintang party and government organs in Qingdao were almost paralyzed. Before the retreat, the Kuomintang Qingdao authorities began to plan to move important factories to the south, or to destroy municipal facilities, factories, enterprises and ports during the retreat. Lens 2: Qingdao citizens guarding the city Zhao retired cadres of Qingdao Electric Power Bureau: The party organization sent me to the city, and the main task was to organize the masses and defend the factory. I pretended to be a student and lived in an acquaintance's house on Rongcheng Road. Tell the neighbors that they are taking refuge. On the eve of liberation, the streets of Qingdao were filled with bloody smell. I usually move in remote streets and often have a "tail" behind me. There are three small restaurants near Haiyun 'an in Sifang. We often invite workers from the power plant to eat and drink, and reason with everyone: if the power plant can't be saved, everyone will be unemployed. Please explain this truth to the workers when you go back and organize them to protect the factory together. On June 2nd, I hid in an underground party member's house near Baoxiao Island. There was martial law in the street, so I couldn't go to the power plant. I was in such a hurry. I'm worried about accidents in the power plant and five substations. Two days ago, I have deployed work to the motivated employees of various departments of the power plant, but I still don't feel at ease. It wasn't until ten o'clock that I climbed to the top of the building and saw the People's Liberation Army in yellow uniform entering the city. I was so happy that I rode my bike around for meetings and organizations. People who haven't experienced white terror can't understand my freedom and happiness at that time. Historical materials: The China People's Liberation Army Headquarters and the East China Military Region successively warned Qingdao Kuomintang officials that if they dared to sabotage before fleeing, they would be severely punished as war criminals. Under the leadership of the underground party organization in the Communist Party of China (CPC), workers, teachers and students in Qingdao have waged a series of struggles to protect factories, ports, roads, schools and fight against migration to the south. On the basis of mobilizing the masses, every factory has set up a factory protection organization. The factories owned by China Textile Company and Qilu Industrial Company, as well as important enterprises such as telecommunications bureau, waterworks, power plants and port authorities, were all protected by workers, and the factory-protecting troops fought resolutely and forcefully, failing to realize the plan of the reactionaries to destroy Qingdao. When Qingdao was liberated, almost all the important municipal facilities, factories, enterprises and schools in the city were protected, and most of them resumed production and operation shortly after liberation. Qingdao's struggle against relocation, destruction and factory protection has protected important departments and facilities in the city and played a great role in restoring production and establishing a new order. Scene 3: Underground Party Launches Underground Struggle Wu Rongsen, former director of Qingdao Seawater Research Institute: I was a member of the leading group of underground radio station of Qingdao Underground Party of the Communist Party of China and a reporter. Three comrades, Huang Zhen Yuan and Xu Baoguang, and I are responsible for underground radio work, and two female traffic policemen are responsible for transmitting information between intelligence stations. They are very brave. At the end of April, being discovered by the enemy, we transferred the radio station at No.20 Jiaodong Road to the dormitory in the backyard of Cao Xian Road Match Factory. The enemy reconnaissance car moves in the street every night, jamming the signal. Although the message is short, it is still sent over and over again. One night, we heard the sound of the enemy's probe car driving, but the agency radio station also asked for verification. While listening to the enemy's voice getting closer, we continued to send messages. Finally, after sending, turn off the machine, burn the telegram draft and codebook, and hide the radio station. We took grenades and prepared to die with the enemy. Fortunately, the enemy didn't go door to door. On May 23rd, the enemy searched the dormitory of the match factory. Fortunately, we rode the radio to Huang Zhenyuan's home at Chengyang Road 1 early that morning. From May 26th, our radio station will work 24 hours and receive information every two hours. I worked until about 10 o'clock on the morning of June 2, and the superior instructed the radio station to successfully complete its historical mission. Historical materials: Under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China East China Bureau, CPC Jiaodong District Committee and other superior party committees, the Qingdao Party organization has been consolidated and developed, and has made remarkable achievements in labor movement, student movement and information. On June 25th 1948, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China East China Bureau issued "Instructions on Qingdao Work" to guide Qingdao underground organization in time. While organizing the struggle to defend the factory, the underground organization of Qingdao of the Communist Party of China cooperated with the People's Liberation Army to extensively investigate the military facilities and protection of Kuomintang troops in Qingdao and send them to the liberated areas in time. Many party member made contributions to the liberation of Qingdao, and some members infiltrated into the Kuomintang navy or key departments to obtain secrets and reported important information to the siege troops through secret radio stations. The underground organization of Qingdao of the Communist Party of China also successfully planned the uprising of Huang 'an Ship of the Kuomintang Navy and the Army Corps stationed in Qingdao.