The historical exhibition of Dongjiang Column is divided into 13 parts: Anti-Japanese and National Salvation, Armed Preparation; Team up against the enemy and break through the east; Return to enemy lines and resume development; Advance into Hong Kong and Kowloon to rescue the elite; Strive to reverse the situation; Dongzong was established and made meritorious deeds by killing the enemy; Advance northward and eastward and develop in an all-round way; Advance into northern Guangdong and win the Anti-Japanese War; Adhere to self-defense and negotiate to withdraw from the north; Guangzong was established and moved to East China; The establishment of the border Sect has a great shock to South Guangdong. Go south and fight side by side; Dong Zongbing, veteran new posture.
In addition to a large number of written explanations, the exhibition also shows the glorious course of the birth and development of Dongjiang column with pictures, oil paintings, photoelectric display battle maps and large sand tables. Order the Japanese aggressors to surrender on the spot.
In the exhibition hall of Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall, there is a long list of martyrs with the names of 5,508 martyrs engraved on it. Curator Xiong Maochang said that veterans often check the list of comrades. If there are any omissions or mistakes, please correct them in the memorial hall. Some people even made a special trip from Hong Kong to see the names of their comrades-in-arms and wiped their tears again and again, which moved everyone present.
"Dongjiang Column, under the leadership of Zeng Sheng, Lin Ping, Wang Zuoyao and Yang, can be said to have developed from scratch, from scratch and from small to large."
After eight years of anti-Japanese war and several reorganizations, it finally developed into an anti-Japanese armed force with more than 1 1000 people. According to post-war statistics, Dongjiang column fought 1400 times, killing and injuring more than 6,000 Japanese puppet troops, which contained the forces of two and a half Japanese brigades.
In the memorial hall, the most striking thing is the photocopy of the order given by Commander-in-Chief Zhu De to Okamura Ningji: "The Japanese troops stationed in Guangdong are assigned by you to the Dongguan area of the South China Anti-Japanese Column to accept the order of General Zeng Sheng." Xiong Maochang told us that Dongjiang Column, in the name of "Commander of South China Anti-Japanese Column of the Anti-Japanese Army in China Liberated Area", gave the order of surrender on the spot to Tanaka Jiuhe, the highest commander of the Japanese South Branch. This is the greatest affirmation of the achievements of Dongjiang column in the eight-year anti-Japanese war.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the main force of Dongjiang column was withdrawn from the Shandong Liberated Area in the north, and then expanded into the China People's Liberation Army's Guangdong and Guangxi columns, which were incorporated into the third field army sequence.
The child is good at fighting.
Yu Ying Mansion was originally just an ordinary Hakka residence, with blue bricks and gray tiles and white walls. Located in Danshui Town, Huizhou City, adjacent to the former residence of General Ye Ting. At that time, the headquarters of Bao Hui People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla, the predecessor of Dongjiang Column, was in this two-story building.
When the Yu Ying Building was restored, the workers found rifle bullets buried under the eaves by guerrillas.
Looking through the information in the building, it is found that the early Dongjiang columns such as Zeng Sheng and Wang Zuoyao were all college students, and many people took part in the student parade supporting the "December 9" movement. There are also many foreign students in the team, especially high school students and junior high school students. No wonder the veterans of Dongjiang column have always been proud of being "scholars with guns".
"Boy is good at fighting" is also a famous stroke in the history of Dongjiang column. Up to now, there are still many battle stories passed down from mouth to mouth among the people: the five heroes of Dongjiang column who died heroically, the captain of the Kowloon Spears of Megatron Harbor, and Lin who later became a naval combat hero, all of which are legends widely spread among the people.
"provincial and port university rescue"
Mao Dun called it the greatest rescue work since the Anti-Japanese War.
Guangdong is the hometown of overseas Chinese, and there is a custom of going to Southeast Asia in history. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, many overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao supported the anti-Japanese armed forces behind enemy lines through fundraising, charity performances, charity sales and donations.
According to incomplete statistics, more than 500 children of overseas Chinese and young people from Hong Kong and Macao have returned to China to join the Anti-Japanese War. For example, the famous Vinson team and Kuala Lumpur team are named after the original residence of overseas Chinese. Many of them later served as important commanders of Dongjiang column. For example, Zhong Ruochao, an overseas Chinese in Thailand, later served as the political commissar of the brigade and was married for three days when he died.
"It can be said that Nanyang, Hong Kong and Macao are the granaries and ammunition depots of Guangdong's anti-Japanese war." The person in charge of the Dongjiang Column Friendship Association said with emotion that the countless ties with overseas countries made the anti-Japanese armed forces behind the enemy lines in South China immediately set up the Hong Kong-Kowloon Brigade to infiltrate into Hong Kong and Kowloon after the fall of Hong Kong.
Qing Yang and Chen Rui, who are in their eighties, are comrades-in-arms of the Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade, and their parents seldom get excited when they recall those years. This capable team blew up the Kai Tak airport of the Japanese army, captured Tojo Watanabe, the senior spy chief of the South Branch of Japan, and turned Hong Kong and Kowloon into a "public security cancer" in the eyes of the Japanese army.
What this team is really known to the world is that they rescued more than 800 patriotic Democrats under the eyes of the Japanese under almost impossible circumstances, including elites from all walks of life such as He Xiangning, Liu Yazi and Hu Die, and the wife of Yu Hanmou, commander of the Seventh Theater of the Kuomintang.
The "provincial and Hong Kong University rescue" caused a sensation throughout the country and was called "the greatest rescue work since the Anti-Japanese War (it can be said that it has ever been) by Mao Dun."
In addition, the Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade escorted hundreds of international people to the rear area safely, and also rescued eight American pilots, opening up the famous "safe passage for pilots". Among them, Captain Kerr of the US Air Force was searched by thousands of enemies for three weeks and was successfully rescued by Dongjiang column. This legendary story was even included in the textbook of the US Army's No.1 14 Air Force. In the history of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, a special army has achieved brilliant results. This anti-Japanese armed force, which fought alone behind enemy lines in South China, did not receive direct support from the CPC Central Committee during the eight-year war of resistance. In difficult times, it didn't even have a radio station. It only listens to the news of Yan 'an Xinhua Radio Station by radio. This is the hero's Dongjiang column.
In such a difficult environment, Dongjiang Column has independently developed into an anti-Japanese armed force with more than 165438+ 10,000 people, and the battlefield behind enemy lines in South China has become one of the "three major battlefields behind enemy lines". 1945, Comrade Zhu De called Dongjiang Column, Qiongya Column, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army "the mainstay of China's Anti-Japanese War" in the military report of "On the Battlefield in the Liberated Areas". Dongjiang Column is one of the few armed forces in China who stayed in Guangdong and persisted in the struggle behind enemy lines. Dongjiang Column was formerly known as South China Anti-Japanese Guerrillas.
1938 10, the Japanese invaders landed in Daya Bay, Guangdong Province, and the Kuomintang defenders collapsed at the touch of a button.
101October 2 1 day, the Japanese army occupied Guangzhou, and the lower reaches of Dongjiang River and Guangzhou became enemy-occupied areas. When the Japanese army landed in Daya Bay and pushed inland, the Kuomintang defenders fled in panic, and the broad masses of people lost confidence in the corrupt and incompetent Kuomintang government and army, China's party organization in Guangdong bravely provoked the people to carry out the heavy responsibility of the anti-Japanese struggle and organized the masses to defend their country and fight against the enemy.
10 10 On October 24th, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China set up the Southeast Special Committee, with Liang Guang as the secretary, and then set up the Bao Hui People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Brigade, the Zengcheng People's Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Force led by Zeng Sheng and Wang Zuoyao and other people's anti-Japanese armed forces. 65438+At the beginning of February, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to set up the Dongjiang Special Committee.
1943 65438+On February 2nd, according to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's instructions, the Guangdong People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps was renamed "Dongjiang Column of Guangdong People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla" (referred to as Dongjiang Column for short), with its commander Zeng Sheng, political commissar Lin Ping, deputy commander Wang Zuoyao and director of the political department Yang. Since then, the people's anti-Japanese struggle and the development of anti-Japanese armed forces in Dongjiang region have entered a new stage. In the past, the anti-Japanese armed forces in Dongjiang area appeared in the form of mass anti-Japanese armed forces. Although their activities are all led by our party, they are not officially made public. After the establishment of Dongjiang Column, in its declaration on the establishment of Dongjiang Column, it publicly announced its acceptance of China's leadership. In this way, Dongjiang Column became an open anti-Japanese armed force of China in Dongjiang area. There are three main Dongjiang column memorial halls in China, namely Huizhou Dongjiang column memorial hall, Shenzhen Dongjiang column memorial hall and Dongguan Dongjiang column memorial hall.
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