Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, whose name is Xuande, was born in Zhuojun County (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). Son of Liu Sheng, the king of Hanzhong. The teenager was lonely, making a living by selling shoes and weaving straw mats with his mother. Later, he became brothers with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei in Taoyuan. Destroy the yellow turban insurrectionary army, as Anxi county commandant. Has been a sponsor, take refuge in Gongsun Zan, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao. In the 12th year of Jian 'an (A.D. 207), Zhuge Liang was invited by San Gu Mao Lu as a military adviser and led the army to capture Jingzhou, Yizhou and Hanzhong. He officially proclaimed himself emperor in 22 1 year. In retaliation for Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, he attacked Wu on a large scale, was defeated by Lu Xun of Soochow with fire attack, and soon died in Baidicheng. The world also called him Wei Liu.
Zhuge Liang was born in 18 1 year and died in 234. During the Three Kingdoms period, Shu was a world-famous politician, strategist and genius. Kongming, born in Langya County (now Yinan, Shandong Province), was named "Wolong" and was a descendant of Zhuge Feng, a captain of the Han Dynasty. I lost my parents when I was a child and lived with my uncle. In the 12th year of Jian 'an (A.D. 207), he was moved by Liu Bei's sincerity to visit the humble abode and became Liu Bei's strategist, helping Liu Bei to occupy Jingzhou, Yizhou and Hanzhong. He was one of the main commanders of the Chibi War. After Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, he was appointed Prime Minister. After Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, he was named the marquis of Wuxiang and was appointed as the shepherd of Yizhou. He led his troops to pacify barbarians, captured Meng Huo seven times, and conquered Cao Cao in the north, winning numerous battles in his life. Make "crossbow" weapons and "wooden cattle and horses" that can transport grain and grass in mountainous areas. In the 12th year of Jianxing, he died in Wuzhangyuan (now southeast of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province) for refusing Sima Yijun and was buried in Dingjun Mountain (now Dingjun Mountain, Mianxian County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province).
Guan Yu, born in an unknown year, died in 2 19, and Liu Bei's righteous brother, the Five Tigers, ranked first. The word Yunchang is from Hedong (now southwest of Linyi, Shanxi). Hua Xiong was beheaded in front of Sishuiguan, and Hulao Pass was famous for fighting with Lu Bu. Captured before the battle of Guandu
He was worshipped by Cao Cao as a partial army, named Han Shou Hou Ting, and killed Yuan Shao's famous stars Yan Liang and Wen Chou for Cao Cao. Thousands of miles later, riding a red hare alone.
With a dragon crescent moon blade, after five passes and six generals, I finally returned to Liu Bei. After capturing Fancheng Coss, he flooded the seven armies and surrendered to Cao.
Cao Cao's generals were banned, killed Pound, and made Hua Tuo become famous in one fell swoop. But in the end, because of pride and underestimation, he was willful and defeated Maicheng.
Killed by Sun Quan. Throughout his life, he valued friendship, wisdom and courage, and his martial arts were unparalleled.
Zhang Fei was born in an unknown year and died in AD 22 1 year. Liu is the second of the five tiger generals. The word Yide was born in Zhuojun (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). Fighting with Guan Yu and Liu Bei against Lu Bu in Hulao Pass. A roar on the Changbanpo Bridge scared away Cao Cao's million-strong army. Close the night battle Ma Chao, Brazil vs Zhang? An eight-legged snake spear heroically crowned the three armies. After Liu Bei entered Sichuan, he became a general and was named Hou of Xixiang. In 22 1 year, in order to avenge his second brother Guan Yu, he and Liu Bei attacked Wu Dong together. Before he left, he was assassinated by Fan Jiang and Zhang Da.
Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei Dynasty, was born in 155 and died in 220. As a politician, strategist and literary master in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Go home. The word Meng De, nicknamed "Amon", was originally from Qiao County, Pei County (now Bo County, Anhui Province). He has been smart, alert and chivalrous since he was a child. The Yellow Scarf Army uprising broke out.
At that time, he served as a captain on horseback and participated in the extermination of the Yellow Scarf Army. From the second year of Jian 'an to the sixteenth year (1977 to 2 1 1 year), soldiers were used one after another.
Defeat the strongmen such as Lu Bu, Yuan Shu and Yuan Shao, and unify the North. He was defeated by Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang with fire in Chibi. Jian' an twenty-one years
, named Wang Wei, died in Luoyang four years later. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Wei Wudi.
Sima Yi was born in 179 and died in 25 1 year. He was a general of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. Zhong Da was born in Wenwen, Hanoi (now Wenxian County, Henan Province). Familiar with the art of war, resourceful, good at playing politics. He and Zhuge Liang have played Sun Tzu's Art of War many times. When Cao Fang was emperor, he and Cao Shuang were supported by Cao Rui's testamentary edict. Later, he went hunting outside Cao Shuang, staged a coup, killed Cao Shuang, became prime minister, made Jin king and was in charge of state affairs. After his death, his grandson Sima Yan was named Emperor Jinyi.
Jiang Gan, Zi Ziyi, a figure in the Three Kingdoms period, was born in Jiujiang.
The reflection describes Jiang Gan as "handsome, talent-oriented, crossing the Yangtze River and Huaihe River alone, and he is right" (Jiang Biao in the reflection). When Cao Cao knew that Zhou Yu was young and promising, he sent Jiang Gan to see Zhou Yu, hoping to persuade him. Zhou Yu met Jiang Gan and said to Jiang Gan, "Ziyi is so bitter. Why didn't Wan Li come to be a lobbyist for Cao Shi?" Jiang Gan said, "We are a step away from Jizhou and a long way from Fang Lie. We have come to talk about elegant manners and customs. It is treacherous to talk about guests in the clouds." Zhou Yu said, "I am not as generous and broad-minded as you, but I know music by listening to strings." And then have dinner with Jiang Gan. Three days later, Zhou Yu invited Jiang Gan to visit the military camp. During the dinner, he also asked the waiter to show off his clothes and treasures. He said to Jiang Gan, "When a husband meets a confidant, he entrusts the loyalty of the monarch and the minister, and binds the kindness of his own flesh and blood. If Su Zhang wins more, he will still talk back. Is it enough for the younger generation to move? " Jiang Gan smiled, but said nothing. After Jiang Gan returned home, he praised Cao Cao for his generosity to Zhou Yu beyond words.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes Battle of Red Cliffs's former Jiang Gan as a lobbyist for Cao Cao, trying to persuade Zhou Yu to surrender. At that time, I didn't want to worry about Cai Mao and help Jun train the water army, so I played along, put down the "Hero Club" and induced him to steal Zhang and Cai's fake "surrender book" and get rid of it with double springs. After that, he thought he had made meritorious service. Become a laughing stock.
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Omnipotence, omnipotence, omnipotence, omnipotence and omnipotence.
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Liang xujiliang
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He Hou (wife of Emperor Ling), Tang Fei (wife of Emperor Ling), Wu Guotai (wife of Sun Jian), Mi Fei Gan Fu Sun Fu (wife of Liu Bei), the story symbol of Dixin (wife of Lu Bu), Zou Shi (wife of Zhang Ji), Fu Hou, Dong Caofei, noble person (wife of Xian Di), Liu Shi (wife of Yuan Shao), Cai Fu (wife of Liu Biao), Xu. Fuck his wife) Guo Guifei (Cao Pi's wife) Hou Li (Pound's wife) Zhang Hou (Liu Chan's wife) Mao Hou Guo Fu (Cao Rui's wife) Liu Shi (Cao Shuang's wife) Xu Fu Wang Fu Pan Fu (Sun Quan's wife) Zhang Hou (Cao Fang's wife) Zhang Hou (Sun Liang's wife) Hu Shi (Ma Su's wife) (Pan Ju's wife) Huang Shi (Huang).
Brief introduction of Cao Cao
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Wei Wudi
Name: Cao Cao
Temple number: Taizu
Posthumous title: Emperor Wu.
Mausoleum: Gaoling
Political power: Cao Wei
Life span: 155-220 years old
Cao Cao (155-0315,220), whose real name was Meng De, a native of Geely, was born in Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province). China was a famous strategist, politician and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
all one's life
Cao Cao was born in a bureaucratic family, and his father Cao Song's real name was Xiahou. Later, he became the adopted son of Cao Teng, the servant of Changqiu, so he changed his name to Cao Shi. When Cao Cao was young, he was both civil and military. Wei Shu said that he "shot birds with his hands, bowed his head, tasted Nanpi, and shot 63 pheasants a day." The History of the Three Kingdoms says that he is "talented and invincible" and "less alert has the right to count".
In A.D. 175, Cao Cao promoted Xiao Lian to Luoyang. In 177, he was appointed as Qiu Ling, married Bian Shi in 179, and was promoted to Yilang in 180. In A.D. 184, he started to serve as a captain in the war to suppress the Yellow Scarf Army uprising in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was promoted to Jinan for actively suppressing the Yellow Scarf Army. Later, he served as a prefect, a captain and a captain of the standard army in the East County. After Dong Zhuo entered Beijing in A.D. 189, he fled to his hometown of Liu Chen to fight against Dong Zhuo.
In 192, Cao Cao formally established his own military group "Qingzhou soldiers". In A.D. 196, he led the troops to Luoyang to greet the Han Emperor and "serve the Emperor" and moved the capital to Xuchang. From 200 to 207, after the battle of Guandu and other battles, Yuan Shao and other separatist warlords were defeated and the northern part of China was unified. In December, 13th year of Jian 'an (2008), Battle of Red Cliffs was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei, which laid a tripartite confrontation with China in the history of China.
In 2 13, Cao Cao was named "Duke Wei". In 2 15, Zhang Lu army was captured in Hanzhong. In AD 2 16, he was promoted to Wang Wei again and won Jiu Xi. He was crowned by the emperor with a standard, and was escorted by the police when he came in and out, making a Pan Palace. Although nominally still a minister of the Han dynasty, he is in power in the ruling and opposition parties and actually has the power and power of the emperor, but he has not yet established Han independence. Cao Cao died on March 15, AD 220, at the age of 66.
In 220 AD, Cao Pi, the eldest son, established the Wei and Han Dynasties, and respected Cao Cao as Emperor Mao Wu. He is the founder of Wei State. He is the author of military works, such as Sun Tzu's Brief Explanation, The Art of War, and poems, such as Hao Xing, Watching the Sea, and Gui Although Shou. Later generations also compiled Cao Cao Ji.
The evaluation of Cao Cao in history books is: "A wise man will gain something if he worries a lot", "A capable minister who can rule the world, a traitor in troubled times" and "writing poems horizontally will consolidate the heroes in the world". Zi Zhi Tong Jian quoted the counselors Xun and Guo Jia's comments on Cao Cao, saying that Cao Cao had ten skills, namely "Tao, righteousness, governance, neutrality, strategy, morality, benevolence, Ming, literature and martial arts". The famous "Let the County Know the Book" was written in the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (2 10), and every word was aboveboard and sincere. Cao Cao said emotionally: "Let there be no orphans in the world. I don't know how many people are emperors and how many people are kings. " That's true.
In the long historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there are obvious ways to belittle Cao because of the need of literature. However, reflection on his evaluation can be regarded as the highest among Wei, Shu and Wu monarchs. Chen Shou commented on Cao Cao: "At the end of the Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the heroes rose together. Yuan Shao was eyeing the four States and was invincible." Mao strategized, castigated the magic of Shen and Shang, used the unique tactics of Han and Bai, and granted official materials, each for his own devices, melodramatic, and forgot the old evils. In the end, he was able to conquer the imperial court machine and become a flood maker, but it was only slightly better. I can be described as an extraordinary person, an unparalleled outstanding figure. 」
Later scholars believed that this was because Luo Guanzhong, the author of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, deliberately distorted the facts and did not correctly evaluate Cao Cao. Cao Cao is talented and versatile, and his tactics and tactics are flexible and changeable in the military. He made great contributions to the unification of northern China, the recovery of economic production and the maintenance of social order in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In terms of internal affairs, Cao Cao established a system of reclaiming farmland and ordered soldiers who didn't need to fight to go to the fields to farm, thus alleviating the food problem during the war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Cao Cao's Poetic Style
Cao Cao's poems written by Cao Cao were greatly influenced by Yuefu, and all the existing poems are Yuefu songs. Although these poems use the old themes of Yuefu, they do not follow the ancient poems and are not bound by their own new ways. But they inherited the spirit of "feeling sad and happy, but being useless". For example, Autumn Dew Trip and Excitement were originally songs, but Cao Cao used them to mourn the chaos. "Out of the East Gate" was originally a song that felt the impermanence of life and needed to eat, drink and be merry in time, but Cao Cao used it to express his ambition to dominate the world and the magnificent scenery he saw when he returned from the Northern Expedition. It can be seen that Cao Cao's innovative folk songs opened up a new look of Jian 'an literature and influenced Du Fu, Bai Juyi and others later.
There are three contents in Cao Cao's poems: reflecting the reality of unrest in the late Han Dynasty, unifying the ideal of the world and the indomitable spirit, and expressing unforgettable negative emotions.
In the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao had a wide range of social contacts. Therefore, he has a lot of personal experience and understanding, such as "Hao Xing", which called the tragic scene of the war at the end of the Han Dynasty. When he saw the sufferings of the people, he also saw the sympathy of the poet when he was hurt. Therefore, later generations called Cao Cao Yuefu "a true record of the late Han Dynasty, an authentic poem".
Cao Cao was born in an official's family and had ambitions for the world, so he had unified ambitions. There is a saying in the short Song Dynasty that "the Duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world belongs to his heart". His enterprising spirit is also evident. For example, in "Although the tortoise lives a long life", he said that he would never give up his ambition in his later years.
A generation of fierce, even with scenery, died when the stars fell. Cao Cao also felt helpless, only poetic and helpless. For example, the sentimental feeling of "it is more difficult to go to Japan when the morning dew comes" in short songs, Hu Xing's low mood in autumn, and his negative mood can be seen in Shang Mosang's works.
Cao Cao's poetic form is very innovative. He is particularly good at writing five-character and four-character styles. "Haoxing" was originally a miscellaneous word, but Cao Cao rewrote it in five words, which was very successful. Four-character poems have declined since The Book of Songs, and there are not many excellent works, but Cao Cao inherited the national style and the tradition of Xiaoya, reflecting reality and expressing emotions. For example, "Short Song" and "Out of the Summer Gate" are masterpieces of four-character poems, which make them reborn and glow again. Cao Cao's poems are concise, straightforward, bold, sad, gloomy and bold. Colorful words are not common, but vivid as the poem "Watching the Sea": "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rough, and the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is outside, the stars are brilliant, if it is outside. A few strokes, without retouching, can express the poet's heart with the vast sea scene.
Introduction to Sun Quan 2007-0 1-07 20:37 Sun Quan (182-252) was born in Fuchun, Wu Jun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang). At the age of 15, he fought alongside Shi Ce. 18 years old, Sun Ce was stabbed to death, and Sun Quan succeeded his brother as commander in chief of Jiangdong. With the help of Zhang Zhao, Zhou Yu and others, the Jiangdong base area was consolidated and developed.
Sun Quan is decisive and brave. He used to be very calm when he was exploring Wei Jun's lineup. Wei Jun's bows and arrows were all shot, and the arrows were concentrated on one side of the ship. Sun Quan ordered the boat to turn around, and then it was hit by an arrow on the other side. It was not until the arrows were aligned and the boat was flat that it sailed back safely. He is quite talented in "reading and passing on history". He once wrote to Cao Cao and said, "Spring water can only be born. Go to your first step quickly and don't die. Can't be alone. " The word 16 is of great significance.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (208-), Cao Cao defeated Qi Biao and won Jingzhou in an attempt to destroy Wu in one fell swoop. He claimed to Sun Quan: "Today, 800,000 Fang Zhi Water Army will treat the cat in Wu." Sun Quan was not intimidated by Cao Cao's aggressiveness. He resolutely adopted his advice and made an alliance with Liu Bei. In the famous Battle of Red Cliffs, he defeated Cao Jun with fire attack tactics, which laid a tripartite confrontation between the three countries.
Sun Quan sized up the situation and considered choosing a suitable political center again. In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), after listening to the opinions of all parties, he resolutely decided to move from Jingkou (now Zhenjiang) to Moling (now Nanjing) and build Shicheng in Shishishan. The following year, Moling was changed to Jianye. In the second year of Huang Chu (2 1 1), Sun Yicheng, Jingzhou, was renamed Wuchang for the sake of commanding the war against Shu. In April of the first year of Huanglong (229), Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang. In September of the same year, the capital moved back from Wuchang to "the boat and car are convenient and the risks are endless: the fields are loose and there are losses; Jianye, which can fight and retreat. In this way, Sun Quan created the capital history of Nanjing.
Sun Quan plans to build Jianye Capital, which is 20 miles around the city, 19 steps. Jianye City, Shitou Town and Danyang County outside the city all have magnificent Miyagi and government offices, houses and temples, and all have markets with concentrated population and prosperous business. Jianye, founded by Sun Quan, became a real city in ancient times and laid the foundation for the future development of Nanjing.
Sun Quan has made great contributions to the development of Jianye and even the whole Jiangnan area. He took many measures to encourage the development of production. He "personally recovered the land" and replaced eight cattle used for driving with farm cattle to show his support for agricultural production. He also ordered that the official official be forbidden to recruit farmers to take corvee when they are busy at home, so as to ensure the construction of water conservancy during the production period, dredge and expand the Qinhuai River waterway, and open up Pogangdu, Du Yun, Dongqu and Chaogou. At that time, there were thousands of skilled handicraft workers in Jianye City, engaged in silk weaving, smelting and casting. Sun Quan also developed navigation, sending generals Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi to Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province), sending envoys to Liaodong Peninsula and Hainan countries, and some envoys to Koguryo, Funan (now Cambodia), Lin Yi (now central Vietnam) and Nanyang Islands. In 247, Jianchu Temple, the first Buddhist temple in Jinling, was also built for monks in the western regions.
Sun Quan ruled Jiangdong for 5 1 year. His life was the golden age of Wu's entrepreneurship. In his later years, Sun Deng, a talented prince, unfortunately died young, and his other sons fought for the throne, which greatly weakened Wu. In the second year of Taiyuan (252), Sun Quan, an outstanding politician living east of the Yangtze River, died in disappointment. 7 1 year-old, buried in the Yang of Jiangshan (now Meihua Mountain in Zijin Mountain).
Brief introduction of Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang's word is Kong Ming. His father, Zhuge Jue, was once a Taishan county official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was an ordinary small official. Zhuge Liang has two sisters, an elder brother and a younger brother. When he was eight years old, his parents died one after another, and their five brothers and sisters lived on their uncle Zhuge Xuan. 1995, Yuan Shu appointed Zhuge Xuan as the magistrate, and Zhuge Liang's brother and sister came to Nanchang with their uncle. But soon, the Eastern Han Dynasty court appointed Zhu Hao as the prefect of Zhang Yu, and Zhuge Xuan led his family to Xiangyang, and went to Jingzhou to shepherd Liu Biao. 1977, Zhuge Xuan died, Zhuge Liang's two sisters got married, and his brother Zhu Gejin stayed in his hometown. So far, there is no news. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother Zhuge Jun built several thatched cottages in Longzhong, 20 miles west of Xiangyang City, and started their farming life. Zhuge Liang lived for ten years in Longzhong. In this decade, Zhuge Liang has read a lot of literature and history classics. He likes the works of military strategists and legalists, admires ancient Guan Zhong and Le Yi, and often recites Fu Liang's songs to show his ambition.
Huang is a famous person in Miannan, and he respects Zhuge Liang's talent very much. One day, he said to Zhuge Liang, "I heard that you are not married. I have a daughter who is not very good-looking, but her talent can rival yours. I wonder if you like her? " Zhuge Liang had long heard that Mr. Huang Lao had a talented woman, and he himself wanted to admire her. Now I have listened to the old man's question and readily agreed. Mrs Huang later gave Zhuge Aliang a lot of help. It is said that Zhuge Liang was inspired by his wife when he invented the wooden ox and flowing horse.
On one occasion, Liu Bei asked Si Mahui for advice. Si Mahui said, "Long Fu and Feng Chu can defend the world. Long Fu is Zhuge Liang in Wolong and Feng Chu is Pang Tong. " Soon, Xu Shu took refuge in Liu Bei and recommended Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei wants Xu Shu to be called Zhuge Liang. Liu Beisi was thirsty, so he led Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to visit Longzhong. He has never seen Zhuge Liang twice before, but only for the third time. It was the middle of winter in 2007. Liu Bei is 47 years old and Zhuge Liang is 27 years old. Liu Bei humbly asked Zhuge Liang for advice, and only then did he have a historic countermeasure. Liu Bei was enlightened by Zhuge Liang's analysis, so he begged Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain. Zhuge Liang thought that Liu Bei was ambitious and took care of the thatched cottage, so he agreed generously. Since then, Zhuge Liang left Longzhong and began his military career for the rest of his life.
Zhuge Liang followed Liu Bei to Xinye and thought it was urgent to expand the army first. He said to Liu Bei: "There are many people living in Jingzhou now, but few people have household registration. If military service is levied according to household registration, it will cause public dissatisfaction. The general can tell Liu Biao to order domestic tourists to truthfully declare the number of people and choose from them to expand their troops. " Liu Bei took Zhuge Liang's advice, and within a few months, he expanded his army of thousands to tens of thousands. On one occasion, Liu Qi invited Zhuge Liang to visit the back garden and climb the stairs together. During the dinner, the stairs were demolished. He asked Zhuge Liang again, "I can't go up to the sky or go down to the ground today. I heard what you said. Can you teach me a self-safety skill? " Zhuge Liang said to him, "Don't you know that Shen Sheng works inside and Zhong Er lives outside?" Liu Qi immediately understood Zhuge Liang's meaning. Just then, Huang Zu, the satrap of Jiangxia, was killed by Sun Quan. Liu Qi asked his father to allow him to leave Jiangxia, and Liu Biao agreed to appoint him as Jiangxia Prefecture.
In the autumn of 2008, Cao Cao went south and took Jingzhou directly. At this time, Liu Biao died, and Liu Cong succeeded Jingzhou Pastoral and surrendered to Cao Cao. When Liu Bei learned the news, he immediately called an emergency meeting. Zhuge Liang put forward two strategies: the first was to attack Xiangyang, seize Jingzhou and confront Cao Cao; The plan is for the whole army to withdraw south quickly, save energy and retreat to Jiangling. Liu Bei could not bear to take Jingzhou, which had just died, so he had to follow the plan. However, many of Liu Biao's subordinates and Jingzhou people were unwilling to surrender to Cao, and they all fled with Liu Bei, with a total of hundreds of thousands of people, and their actions were slow. Zhuge Liang also asked Liu Bei to send Guan Yu to Jiangxia with military forces and asked Liu Qi for reinforcements. Sun Quan has been paying close attention to the development of the situation in Jiangdong. When he learned that Cao Jun had gone south and Liu Biao had died, he immediately sent Lu Su to Jingzhou. Contact Liu Bei. Zhuge Liang said to Liu Bei, "The current situation is urgent. Only by uniting Sun Quan against Cao is the way out. " So Liu Bei sent Zhuge Liang and Lu Su to Chai Sang to meet Sun Quan to discuss the alliance. At this time, Sun Quan became a leading faction inside, and Zhuge Liang decided to persuade Sun Quan through challenges.