Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, is a world-famous stone arch bridge designed by Li Chun, a stonemason in Sui Dynasty. It is particularly majestic, with a length of more than 50 meters and a width of more than 9 meters, spanning the Zhao County _ River in Hebei Province.
There is no pier under this stone arch bridge, only an arched bridge opening with two Kobashiguchi of different sizes on the left and right. This design is a pioneering work in the history of bridge construction in the world, and it can also reduce the impact of running water on the bridge body and reduce the weight of the bridge. This bridge is also very beautiful, and the stone railings on both sides of the wall are engraved with dragons.
Historical evolution:
Zhao Zhouqiao was founded in the Sui Dynasty, designed and built by craftsman Li Chun, with a history of 1400 years.
In July of the eighth year of Tang Zhenyuan (792), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the first time. According to Liu's New Stone Bridge, 200 years after the bridge was built, the king kong walls on the north and west sides of the bridge were washed away by floods, and the abutment sank, causing the row (small arch) to crack obliquely. Restore the original state by the method of rock filling and rebuilding, and copy the columns to restore the original appearance, so as to make the bridge strong.
In the third year of Song Zhiping (1066), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the second time. History of Song Dynasty: In the third year of Song Zhiping (1066), the iron chisel was corroded and fell off, which made the outer arch inclined, and all the workers righted themselves and recovered.
About 100 words About Zhao Zhouqiao Zhao Zhouqiao is a stone arch bridge, located on the south river of Zhao County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, and named after Zhao County, which was called Zhaozhou in ancient times. Locals call it Dashiqiao to distinguish it from Yongtong Bridge (Xiaoshiqiao) outside the west gate of the city. Zhao Zhouqiao was built in Sui Dynasty, designed and built by craftsmen, and was later named Anji Bridge by Zhao and renamed.
Zhao Zhouqiao is the largest span and the most intact single-hole open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world. Its unique construction technology is the first "open-shouldered arch" structure in the history of bridges in the world, which has high scientific research value. The carving knife method is vigorous and powerful, and the artistic style is novel and bold, which shows the rich, rigorous and elegant stone carving style of Sui Dynasty. The pattern of the bridge body is finely carved and has high artistic value. Zhao Zhouqiao occupies an important position in the history of bridge architecture in China, and has a far-reaching influence on bridge architecture in the world.
On March 4th, 196 1, Anji Bridge (Dashiqiao) was announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC) (China). On 20 10, Zhao Zhouqiao Scenic Area was rated as a national AAAA tourist attraction.
Extended data:
Zhao Zhouqiao folk custom
The ancient Zhaozhou is now Zhaoxian County, Hebei Province. There are two stone bridges in Zhaozhou, one in the south and the other in the west. The south of Dashiqiao looks like Changhong River, which is magnificent.
According to folklore, this big stone bridge was built by Shylock Luban, a small stone bridge in the west of the city. It looks like a little white dragon floating on the water. Very vivid. It is said that this small stone bridge was built by Luban's sister Lu Jiang. These two bridges are well built! "Little Cowherd" was staged on the stage, and there was such a line: "Grandpa Lu Ban repaired the Pacific Ocean, the sage made a jade column, Zhang took the donkey bridge, and Master Chai drove the cart to grind the ditch." This is the legend that Luban built Zhao Zhouqiao.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Zhouqiao
Introduction to Zhao Zhouqiao, 20 to 30 words introduction to Zhao Zhouqiao, 20 to 30 words.
Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, was built in the great cause of Sui Dynasty and designed and built by famous craftsman Li Chun.
Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, is located on the Zhao River in Hebei Province. It was built in the great cause of the Sui Dynasty (605-6 18), designed and built by the famous craftsman Li Chun, about 1400 years ago. It is the earliest and best preserved ancient open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world today. Zhao Zhouqiao embodies the wisdom and crystallization of the working people of the ancient Han nationality, and creates a brand-new situation of bridge construction in China.
196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council. Because Zhao Zhouqiao is a key cultural relic, it is easy to be damaged when it is opened to traffic, so vehicles are not allowed to pass.
Brief introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao.
Brief introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao
The world-famous Zhao Zhouqiao is located in Zhao County, a famous historical and cultural city. It is the oldest and best-preserved huge stone arch bridge in the world. It was built during the reign of the Emperor of Sui Dynasty (58 1-60 1) and has a history of 1400 years. Known as "one of Four Treasures of the Study in North China". Zhao Zhouqiao is an arc single-hole stone arch bridge. The total length of the bridge is 64.4 meters, the vault is 9 meters wide, the ends are 9.6 meters wide and the span is 37.38 meters. There are two coupon holes on the stone arches at both ends of the bridge. This structure is called "open-shouldered arch", and its height is 7.23 meters. These small openings are arched to reduce the weight of the bridge and the impact of running water. This was the first bridge in the world at that time. For thousands of years, people have always said that it was built by the immortal ancestor Lu Ban. In fact, it was built by craftsman Li Chun. After the founding of New China, * * * renovated Zhao Zhouqiao and became a tourist attraction.
Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, was built in the great cause of the Sui Dynasty (605-6 18) by the famous craftsman Li Chun. With a length of 64.40 meters and a span of 37.02 meters, it is a single-hole open-shouldered stone arch bridge with the largest span and the earliest construction in the world. Because the shoulders at both ends of the bridge have two small holes, which are not solid, it is called open shoulder type, which is a creation in the history of bridge building in the world (called full shoulder type or solid shoulder type without small arch).
Since 1400 years ago, Zhao Zhouqiao has experienced 10 floods, 8 wars and many earthquakes, especially 1966 Xingtai M7.6 earthquake. Xingtai is more than 40 kilometers away from here, and there is also a 4.0 earthquake here. Zhao Zhouqiao was not damaged. Mao Yisheng, a famous bridge expert, said that no matter what the internal structure of the bridge is, there can only be 65,433. 1963 The flood flooded the arch of the bridge. According to the local old man, standing on the bridge can feel the bridge body shaking greatly. According to records, Zhao Zhouqiao has been restored eight times since its establishment.
Adding two small arch coupons at the upper end of the main arch coupon can save materials, reduce the dead weight of the bridge (reduce the dead weight 15%) and increase the discharge of river water under the bridge.
1979 in may, a joint investigation team composed of four units, including the natural history group of China academy of sciences, investigated the bridge foundation in Zhao Zhouqiao. The weight of Zhao Zhouqiao is 2,800 tons, and its foundation is only a abutment with a height of 1.55 meters made of five layers of stones, which is directly built on natural sand and gravel.
Such a shallow abutment is unbelievable. When Mr. Liang Sicheng inspected 1933, he thought that it was only a diamond wall to prevent water erosion, but not the foundation to bear the full load of the bridge ticket. He wrote in the report:
"In order to measure the coupon base, we dug at the foot of the coupon in the north, but now about 70-80 cm below the riverbed, that is, we found the stone wall lying flat under the coupon. There are five floors of stone, with a total height of1.58m.. Each floor is slightly higher than the upper one, and there is no solid foundation below. Obviously, it is only a diamond-shaped wall used to prevent water from washing away, but it is not the foundation for bearing the full load of the bridge ticket. Because water will be seen in another 30-40 cm, unless it is excavated on a large scale, it is impossible to reach the bridge foundation position that we speculate according to theory. "
In order to protect Zhao Zhouqiao, the new bridge structure built at 100 meters east of Zhao Zhouqiao at the end of last century still uses Zhao Zhouqiao, but the number of small arches on the main arch is increased to five on one side.
Zhao Zhouqiao's introduction was brief and to the point.
Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, was built in the great cause of the Sui Dynasty (605-6 18) by the famous craftsman Li Chun. With a length of 64.40 meters and a span of 37.02 meters, it is a single-hole open-shouldered stone arch bridge with the largest span and the earliest construction in the world. Because the shoulders at both ends of the bridge have two small holes, which are not solid, it is called open shoulder type, which is a creation in the history of bridge building in the world (called full shoulder type or solid shoulder type without small arch). Since 1400 years ago, Zhao Zhouqiao has experienced 10 floods, 8 wars and many earthquakes, especially 1966 Xingtai M7.6 earthquake. Xingtai is more than 40 kilometers away from here, and there is also an earthquake with a magnitude of 4.0. Zhao Zhouqiao has not been destroyed!
Brief introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao is about 100 words.
It is located by the river in Zhao County, Hebei Province. It was built in Sui Dynasty (AD 58 1-6 18) and designed and built by famous craftsman Li Chun. About 1400 years ago, it is the earliest found and the most complete preserved in the world today. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council.
Brief introduction to Zhao Zhouqiao's story
Located in Zhao County, Hebei Province, it was built by Li Chunxiu in Sui Dynasty. It is the earliest stone arch bridge in the world. Its bridge has five holes, one big and four small, with exquisite layout and many carvers.
Zhao Zhouqiao's Brief Introduction and Story Origin
It is located by the river in Zhao County, Hebei Province. It was built in Sui Dynasty (AD 58 1-6 18) and designed and built by famous craftsman Li Chun. About 1400 years ago, it is the earliest found and the most complete preserved in the world today. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council.
The immortal mark on the Zhao Zhouqiao mainly refers to the hoofprint left by the legendary Zhang riding a donkey backwards on the bridge; The driveway ditch marks and knee marks on the knees rolled by Chai Wangye's cart crossing the bridge; In order to save the stone bridge, Lu Ban jumped into the river and put his hand on the palm print of the stone bridge. These fairy tales often become one of the most interesting contents for tourists. When he came to Zhao Zhouqiao, he had to look for it first. This is the most famous legend about Zhao Zhouqiao.
According to legend, a long time ago, there was a big river named _ River five miles south of Zhao County, Hebei Province. _ This river originates from Jingxing Mountain in western Hebei. In ancient times, its water potential was great. Every summer and autumn, when heavy rain comes, rain and mountain springs flow down together, and several rivers meet along the way to form a turbulent torrent. Therefore, residents and pedestrians on both sides of the river find it inconvenient.
Lu Ban, a famous craftsman, knows the difficulties of the people of Zhao County. He came all the way here specially to show his superb technology and built this Zhaozhou Dashiqiao overnight.
Zhao Zhouqiao made a good news, which soon spread in all directions. Residents from far and near came to visit in surprise. This miracle even shocked one of Zhang. In the wallet on the donkey's back, there is a "sun" on one side and a "moon" on the other side to cross the bridge. Besides, Zhang is going to play a joke on Lu Ban. He made an appointment with Chai Rong, pushing a unicycle carrying the "Five Mountains and Famous Mountains" and came to the bridge together. He asked whether the bridge would allow them to walk at the same time. At this time, Luban just built the bridge and was very proud. He said disapprovingly, "Such a strong stone bridge can't stand you two?" Unexpectedly, after they got on the bridge, they crushed it to pieces. Seeing that the situation was not good, Lu Ban jumped off the bridge and held the east side of the bridge with both hands, so that the two immortals passed the Sun Moon and the Five Mountains smoothly. Since then, there have been several "immortals" on the bridge that people talk about; Zhang's donkey's hoofprint and the round pit pressed by his hat; Chai Rong had a knee print and a driveway ditch on one knee because of pushing the cart too hard; And the handprint of Lubanto Bridge. Later, except for the collapse of the east, the handprints were gone, and the rest of the fairy tales "survived." This vivid legend is sung in "Little Cowherd".
50 words about Zhao Zhouqiao and Lugou Bridge.
Introduction to Zhao Zhouqiao The world-famous Zhao Zhouqiao is located in Zhao County, a famous historical and cultural city. It is the oldest and best-preserved huge stone arch bridge in the world. It was built during the reign of Emperor Sui Dynasty (58 1-60 1), with a history of 1400 years, and is known as "one of Four Treasures of the Study in North China".
Introduction to Lugou Bridge Lugou Bridge is located in Fengtai District, southwest of Beijing. It is not only a famous historic site of Wanping ancient city, but also an important memorial site of China people's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Lugou Bridge was built in Jin Dynasty, named after crossing Lugou River (now Yongding River). It is the oldest existing stone arch bridge in Beijing.
Zhao Zhouqiao introduced Zhao Zhouqiao's (), (), ()?
Zhao Zhouqiao introduced us to the grandeur, firmness and beauty of Zhao Zhouqiao.
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See below 1 for a brief introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao and Zhao Zhouqiao for a brief introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge and Zhao Zhouqiao, commonly known as Dashiqiao. It is a giant single-hole open-shouldered stone arch bridge across Zhao County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China. It was built by Li Chun, a craftsman in the Sui Dynasty. It is the oldest existing single-hole open-shouldered stone arch bridge with the longest span and the most complete introduction of Zhao Zhouqiao.
2. Zhao Zhouqiao was founded from the 15th year of Sui Huangkai to the first year of Sui Daye (AD 595-605).
3. The main arch of Zhao Zhouqiao is composed of 28 arches laid side by side, with a length of 64.4m and a clear span of 37.02m. The bridge body is located on natural foundation.
4. Zhao Zhouqiao is a single-span stone arch bridge, and its design is both aesthetic and scientific; The structure of the whole bridge is symmetrical, harmonious with the surrounding scenery, and the stone pillars and slabs on the bridge are beautifully carved. Full bridge 1 large arch, 4 small arches; The arc-shaped bridge opening of a large arch is like a bow, which consists of 28 arches, and the stones of each narrow arch are nailed to form a whole, so that each arch can independently support the upper weight and prevent one arch from being damaged and affecting other arches; There are two small arches on both sides of the big arch, which can save stone, reduce the weight of the bridge, flood discharge and enhance the appearance; The bridge deck sill looks at the column, carved with meticulous dragons and beasts; The road surface is gentle and designed according to the concept of "driving horses in the middle and pedestrians on both sides".
5. Zhao Zhouqiao adopts open shoulder arch design to improve flood discharge capacity; It can save 26 cubic meters of stone and reduce the dead weight by 700 tons, thus reducing the vertical pressure and horizontal thrust of abutment and bridge foundation on the bridge body and the deformation of the main arch ring, and improving the bearing capacity and stability of the bridge.
Introduction to Zhao Zhouqiao The world-famous Zhao Zhouqiao is located on the banks of the _ River in the south of Zhao County, Hebei Province. It is the oldest and best-preserved giant stone arch bridge in the world and is called the originator of the world bridge. Zhao Zhouqiao's real name is Anji Bridge, because Zhao County was called Zhaozhou in ancient times, so the bridge is also called "Zhao Zhouqiao", and the locals used to call it "Dashiqiao". It has a long history and is known as "Four Treasures of the Study in North China". Zhao Zhouqiao, made by craftsman Li Chun, is an arc single-hole stone arch bridge. On the stone arches at both ends of the bridge, there are two coupon holes. This structure is called "open-shouldered arch", which is the first time in the world. Zhao Zhouqiao was built during the reign of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 59 1-596). The Preface to the Stone Bridge written by Zhang, a minister in the Tang Dynasty, records: "Zhaojun _ Heshi Bridge is also a trace of Sui craftsmen." After 1400 years of historical vicissitudes, Anji Bridge still stands on the river after numerous storms, lightning and earthquakes. Zhao Zhouqiao is a single-hole arc open-shouldered stone arch bridge with a length of 64.4 meters and a width of 9 meters. The main arch is composed of 28 independent arch pieces laid vertically side by side, with a span of 37.02 meters and a sagittal direction of only 7.23 meters. Because the ratio of rise to span is very small (only 1∶5), although Anji Bridge has a long span, its approach bridge is very short. Building two small arches on the two shoulders of the main arch can not only reduce the weight of the stone bridge itself, but also increase the displacement of the stone bridge during the flood, thus reducing the impact of the flood on the stone bridge. According to historical research, this kind of structure of Zhao Zhouqiao is the first in the history of bridges in the world, and occupies a very important position in the history of bridge architecture at home and abroad, which has a far-reaching influence on the design of bridge architecture in later generations. Therefore, Zhao Zhouqiao is known as "the first bridge in the world". Mao Yisheng, a famous bridge expert in China, praised Zhao Zhouqiao in the article Stone Arch Bridge in China, which has been included in the textbooks of primary and secondary schools in China. 1On September 4th, 1994, Zhao Zhouqiao was selected as the12nd "Historical Milestone of International Civil Engineering" by the American Society of Civil Engineering, and bronze monuments of "Historical Monument of International Civil Engineering" were built on the north and east sides of Qiaotou. Anji Bridge is not only scientific in structure, but also beautiful in shape and has a unique national artistic style. Liu Baixi of the Yuan Dynasty once wrote a poem praising "Water flows over Yuhuan, and people get on the back of the black dragon". From the structural point of view, the arc-shaped flat arch and the small arch with shoulders are huge in shape, clear in outline, soft in lines, both steady and light, elegant in majesty, and from a distance, like a black dragon flying frame, clouds appear at the beginning of the month. On the main vault, there is a Longmen stone carved with a faucet. The face stone (hat stone) of the eight-petal lotus is dotted around the bridge. There are exquisite stone carvings on the railings and doorposts on the bridge-dragons, animal faces, floral ornaments, bamboo knots and so on. Stone carving knife method is vigorous and simple, and its artistic style is bold and novel. For thousands of years, Zhao Zhouqiao is not only famous at home and abroad for its scientific structure and beautiful shape, but also has left many wonderful and touching myths and legends. According to legend, in ancient times, in summer and autumn, muddy waves rolled on the _ River, often flooding. No one on both sides of the strait can cross the river in an emergency, so it is very inconvenient to ferry by wooden boat at ordinary times. One night, the moonlight was bright, and Lu Ban, the founder of the craftsman, drove the glistening sheep to the river. In an instant, the sheep turned into all kinds of stones. Luban started construction with a hammer until dawn, and a magnificent stone bridge crossed the river bank in the morning light. The good news immediately caused a sensation around people. People rushed to tell each other, and at the same time they smelled the breath of the celestial world. Zhang, one of the "Eight Immortals", was very surprised and asked the King of Chai County to try the bridge together. I saw Zhang riding a donkey in front, with the sun, moon and stars in the wallet on the donkey's back; Master Chai's cart is in the back, with five mountains and three mountains on it. They walked to the middle of the bridge, which was teetering under pressure. Seeing that the situation was not good, Lu Ban jumped into the water and lifted the bridge with one hand to make it safe. Deep ruts and donkey hoof prints were left on the bridge deck, and a big handprint of Lu Ban was left under the bridge deck. Today, these traces are still clearly visible. full text
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Enthusiastic users 2017-11-22
Zhao Zhouqiao Zhao Zhouqiao profile information 1, Zhao Zhouqiao was built in the Sui Dynasty Zhao Zhouqiao profile, and Zhao Zhouqiao profile was designed and built by craftsman Li Chun, with a history of 1400 years.
2. In July of the eighth year of Tang Zhenyuan (792), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the first time. According to the brief introduction in Liu Xinjian Stone Bridge, 200 years after the bridge was built, the diamond walls on the north and west sides of the bridge were washed away by the flood, and the abutment sank, resulting in oblique cracks in the row (small arch). The original state was restored by the method of filling stones and rebuilding, and the fence board was copied to make the bridge look strong.
3. In the third year of Song Zhiping (1066), Zhao Zhouqiao carried out the second renovation. History of Song Dynasty: In the third year of Song Zhiping (1066), the iron chisel was corroded and fell off, which made the outer arch inclined, and all the workers righted themselves and recovered.
4. During the forty to forty-two years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1562— 1563), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the third time. This repair is due to the long-term rolling of bridge deck stone by vehicles, and the "rut" is deep and uneven, which brings inconvenience to driving. The stones on the bridge deck are newly laid to complete the sport.
5. In the forty-two years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1563), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the fourth time. It is mainly to repair the north and south piers and balustrades, carve dragon and beast patterns on the original balustrades and watchposts, and add some new story exhibitions. In the same year, Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the fifth time. Because the boat people under the bridge stopped cooking, the gap between the bridge stones was repaired and the waist iron was reinforced.
6. In the autumn of the 25th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1597), Zhao Zhouqiao was renovated for the sixth time. After years of rolling, the bridge deck was damaged. Start in autumn and finish in winter.
7. In the first year of Qing Daoguang (182 1), Zhao Zhouqiao carried out the seventh renovation.
8. In the spring of the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), Liang Sicheng, a bridge expert from China Construction Society, made a detailed survey and mapping of Zhao Zhouqiao, and wrote the article "Dashiqiao in Zhaozhou is an Anji Bridge".
9. In the winter of1952, the winter of 1953, the summer of 1954, and February of 1955, the Cultural Relics Bureau of the Ministry of Culture and other units sent experts and scholars to Zhao Zhouqiao four times.
At 10 and 1955, the renovation project of Zhao Zhouqiao began.
1 1 and 1958, the renovation project in Zhao Zhouqiao was completed, which was the eighth renovation in Zhao Zhouqiao. In this transformation, Zhao Zhouqiao has been comprehensively surveyed and renovated. The whole project adopts the original five methods of arch protection stone, hook stone, waist iron, iron tie rod and separation, and two adhesive and three oil waterproof layers (two layers of waterproof linen and three layers of asphalt) are added up and down the bridge deck to prevent water leakage and corrosion. All the railings and watchtowers on the bridge deck were built according to the early style.