li po
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
Climb to the top of Lushan Mountain and overlook the mountains.
Xie lingyun
You can't walk for a long time.
However, if you want to drown, you will go back to the round.
The canyon suddenly recovered, and the smooth road to Russia was over.
The mountains overlap and there is no trace of communication.
Day and night cover the sun and the moon, and there is frost and snow in winter and summer.
Lushan poetry
Zhu Yuanzhang
Lushan bamboo shadow for thousands of years, cloud lock peak water gravity.
Wanli Yangtze River floats with jade belts, and a bright moon rolls golden balls.
There are 3,000 borders in the northwest of Yao Lu, and there are millions of states in the southeast.
The scenery can't be seen for a while, so lucky chance has a chance to see it again.
[Introduction to Zhu Yuanzhang] Zhu Yuanzhang, namely Ming Taizu. Guo Rui, also known as Xingzong, was born in Zhongli, Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui). Born in the first year of Yuan Dynasty (1328), he joined the Red Scarf Army in 1352 and rose up against Yuan Dynasty. /kloc-conquered Qing Ji (now Nanjing) in 0/356. 1368 established the Ming dynasty, with Nanjing as its capital and Hongwu as its title. In the same year, we conquered Dadu (now Beijing), overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and gradually unified the whole country. During his reign, he abolished the prime minister, set up six ministries, set up military institutions in various places, established health centers, and strengthened centralized feudal rule. Rewarding reclamation, resettling farmland, building water conservancy and improving agricultural technology are conducive to the development of feudal economy. 3 1 year, died in 1398 and was buried in Xiaoling, Nanjing.
On May 2, 2006, I looked at the five old peaks of Lushan Mountain.
li po
Five old peaks in the southeast of Lushan Mountain,
The sky covered Jin Furong.
Jiujiang is beautiful and can be tied up.
I will build a nest here.
Wanglushan Waterfall (1)
li po
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
Xu Ning of Lushan Waterfall
Waterfalls, waterfalls,
Thunder kept rushing into the sea.
As long as Bai was in ancient times,
A boundary broke the green hills.
See off guests on the river and visit Lushan Mountain.
Jill Zhang
Chuck delivered it himself,
Touch the edge of the spring.
Being late is a good thing,
Send a boat to the river.
Flowers set off the new forest coast,
Clouds open waterfalls and springs.
The heart should be here,
Who is the good sentence passed to?
Wanbo Xunyang Wangxiang Lufeng
meng haoran
Hanging for thousands of miles,
There are no famous mountains.
Boating a boat, Xunyang Guo,
First sight of censer peak.
Taste and read far-reaching biographies,
Always in the dust.
Lindong Jingshe is close,
Kong Wen clock at sunset.
Lushan alone night
Yuan Zhen
Cold air, five old snows,
Oblique moon Jiujiang cloud.
Where do you know the bell?
Smell it in the gray tree.
Wanglushan Wulaofeng
li po
Five old peaks in the southeast of Lushan Mountain,
The sky covered Jin Furong.
Jiujiang is beautiful and can be tied up.
I will build a nest here.
Wanglushan Waterfall
li po
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
See off guests on the river and visit Lushan Mountain.
Jill Zhang
Chuck delivered it himself,
Touch the edge of the spring.
Being late is a good thing,
Send a boat to the river.
Flowers set off the new forest coast,
Clouds open waterfalls and springs.
The heart should be here,
Who is the good sentence passed to?
Wanbo Xunyang Wangxiang Lufeng
meng haoran
Hanging for thousands of miles,
There are no famous mountains.
Boating a boat, Xunyang Guo,
First sight of censer peak.
Taste and read far-reaching biographies,
Always in the dust.
Lindong Jingshe is close,
Kong Wen clock at sunset.
Lushan alone night
Yuan Zhen
Cold air, five old snows,
Oblique moon Jiujiang cloud.
Where do you know the bell?
Smell it in the gray tree.
Back to the garden house
Tao Yuanming
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
Look at Shimen
Zhao Bao
Visiting the world, I lost my seclusion, and I came from the mountains.
Shine the cloud crown and rise to the far toe.
Peaks run thousands of miles, while long cliffs run thousands of miles.
The atmosphere and fog carry stars, and lakes and valleys are rivers and streams.
Like tiger's teeth and bear's ears.
It takes a hundred years to bury the ice, but a peach tree is a thousand years old.
Chickens crow in Qingxi and apes roar in Baiyun.
Yao Bofei flew into the air and nepheline touched the mountain peak.
The echoes are different from each other, but there are differences and similarities.
Listen to the wind and hope to catch the dragon.
How Song Gui defiled the city before kneeling.
Lipper
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in Qianchuan,
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
Two Poems of Lushan Mountain
one
Suspended waters. Bo went to the second mountain.
Thousands of rocks are full of resistance. Thousands of valleys are lingering.
I am tall and old. Attack the top name.
Caves and streams peep at the veins of the earth. Shrug the tree and hide the book.
On the pine tree, I was fascinated. Cloud sinus is vertical and horizontal.
It's cloudy and frozen in summer. Yan Shuxin is honored by Dong Rong.
Think in the morning. It's called Xiao Ye Monkey Qing.
There are traces buried deep in the cliff. The dome is very long, and so are the cymbals.
Take advantage of this Leshan nature. Focus on traveling.
Ji Fangyu's road. Always with cigarettes.
two
Travel the world, lose seclusion. Aliens from the mountains.
Yun Guan, Farming Town. Lift your toes.
Gao Cen once every half day. A long cliff breaks thousands of miles.
The atmosphere and fog carry the stars. Tanhe east.
Unique tiger teeth. Li Lao is like a bear's ear.
Buried ice for a hundred years. The towering trees must be worshipped a thousand times.
Chickens crow in the clear stream. Whistling through the clouds.
Yao Bo opens it point by point. Nepheline touches the ground.
Tracing back to the source is different. Uneven and similar.
Listen to Feng. I hope to catch a dragon.
Song Gui's knees are full. How to pollute the city?
On May 2, 2006, Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province, was formerly known as perfunctory Nanshan, Tianzidu and Tianzidiao. According to legend, during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, seven Kuang brothers went up the mountain to practice Buddhism, and Lu Yin lived here, hence the names Kuangshan and Kuanglu. There is another legend about the origin of the name "Lushan Mountain": During the reign of King Wei Lie of Zhou Dynasty (4th century BC), there was a Mr. Kuang Su (also called Kuang Yu and Kuang Xu in some books) who built a house on the top of the mountain and devoted himself to cultivation. When Zhou learned about it, he invited him out of the mountain again and again. He refused again and again, and then he simply sneaked into the mountains. The messenger searched for a long time and found the thatched cottage where Kuang Cuo lived. His man had already become a fairy, and later generations named this mountain after his thatched cottage, hence the name "Lushan Mountain".
Lushan Mountain has beautiful scenery and is known as "Spring Mountain is like a dream, Summer Mountain is like a drop, Autumn Mountain is like drunkenness, and Winter Mountain is like jade". The earliest record of Lushan Mountain in history books is in Sima Qian's Historical Records: "Yu Nan climbed Lushan Mountain and saw Jiujiang in Yu Shu". 1200 years ago, Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised: "If you travel all over the world, the landscapes you go are very rich, beautiful and strange, and few people can cross them. It is really a wonder of the world." . China poet, who is so famous and loves to paint landscapes, naturally does not hesitate to ink. They left magnificent poems for Lushan Mountain. These poems not only have important literary value, but also are valuable wealth for us to inspect the past humanities, geography and landscape of Lushan Mountain.
Today, Lushan Mountain is still beautiful, which makes it win a series of honors: the first batch of national key scenic spots, advanced units of national scenic spots, the first batch of 4A-level tourist areas in China, national civilized scenic spots, national health mountains, national security mountains, national geological parks, one of the top ten famous mountains in China, and a world heritage site (the only world cultural landscape in China at present) ... Lushan Mountain has won many praises in people's evaluation and become a popular destination for well-known tourists.
Tao Yuanming, the originator of China pastoral poet, lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain in his later years and had an indissoluble bond with Lushan Mountain. After he resigned from the county magistrate, he spent his old age in a quiet and leisurely life of "picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and leisurely seeing Nanshan", in which Nanshan refers to Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi Province. During this period, Tao Yuanming left many poems praising the scenery of Lushan Mountain. These poems are fresh and natural. Before the creation of China's pastoral poems, his spirit and pride of "being a scholar plowing the fields" have become a monument for future generations to climb the mountain for thousands of years. He wrote in "Return to the Garden":
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
It is conceivable that his residence must be lush and inaccessible, so that "the road is narrow and the vegetation is long." The most magical thing in the poem is the sentence "Dew fell on my clothes", which means that I came back by planting beans in the moonlight and walked on the grass, and my clothes were unconsciously wet by dew. There are two basic conditions for the formation of condensation: first, the water vapor condition is good, and second, the underlying surface temperature is relatively low (low means compared with the dew point temperature). When the water vapor condition is ripe and the underlying surface temperature is close to or equal to the dew point temperature (it can be replaced by the dew point temperature at 1.5 meters), dew is very easy to form. It may not be surprising that "my clothes are exposed" in the morning or foggy days, but it is obvious that it is early to plant beans in the evening, and beans grow at the turn of spring and summer and mature in midsummer. "Moon lotus hoes home" means that he just came back from the bean field at that time, and the time should not be too late. At the turn of spring and summer, it is about eight o'clock in the evening according to the current Beijing time. Generally, the temperature in Jiangnan water town will gradually drop below the dew point after summer night 10, but in Tao Yuanming's idyllic residence in Lushan Mountain, the water vapor will condense into dew at 8 pm, indicating that Lushan Mountain is rich in water vapor, and the climate in mountainous areas is different from that in plain areas. Lushan Mountain is bordered by the Yangtze River in the north, Poyang Lake in the southeast and hilly and mountainous areas in the southwest. The southeast monsoon, which began to prevail in southeast China in early summer, brought a lot of water vapor to Lushan Mountain. The rapid heat dissipation on the mountain, the large temperature difference between day and night, and the rapid drop of the corresponding temperature at night were the geographical conditions for the early formation of dew on Lushan Mountain.
In addition, the formation of dew should have certain weather conditions. Generally, the atmosphere is stable, the wind is small, the sky is clear and partly cloudy, the ground heat can dissipate quickly, and the temperature drops. Such weather will be conducive to the formation of dew, and water vapor will form dew when it meets cold ground or objects. "Bring the lotus home with the moon" means that it is a good weather with sparse stars in a month, which is conducive to the formation of dew. It can be seen that a fresh and natural poem not only contains the description of natural phenomena, but also conforms to certain scientific laws. The value of ancient poetry to the study of ancient climate can be seen.
Lushan Mountain is famous for its clouds. This "cloud" is divided into two parts. One part is Lushan Yunwu Tea (called "Wen Lin Tea" in ancient times). The ancients said, "The benevolent enjoys Leshan, while the wise enjoys water". In fact, the best tea is generally produced in places with mountains and water. These places are rich in water vapor, and the temperature difference between day and night in mountainous areas is large. The natural connotation of tea is rich and extraordinary. Lushan Yunwu Tea is named after the tea trees all grow on the misty hillside. According to Old Mountain Records, tea cultivation in Lushan Mountain began in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. According to records, Hui Yuan, a famous monk at that time, lived in the mountains for more than 30 years, where he gathered monks, taught Buddhism and developed tea. Lushan tea was very famous in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once went to Lushan Mountain to dig medicine and plant tea, and wrote a poem: "Under the long pine tree, there is a stream head, a sika deer towel and white cloth fur, a medicine garden tea garden as a business, and a wild musk deer forest stork as a friend." In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was once listed as a tribute. At this time, although I can't see the appearance of Wu Yuncha clearly, I can vaguely see Wu Yuncha in the Song Dynasty from the poems of Huang Tingjian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. As the poem says, "My home in the south of the Yangtze River is not as good as snow." . The "cloud" written here refers to the white and plump tea leaves. By the Ming Dynasty, the name of Lushan Yunwu Tea had appeared in the records of Lushan Mountain in the Ming Dynasty. This is one of the top ten famous teas in China. It is famous for its "six unique skills", such as thick rope, lush green, bright soup color, tender and even leaves, lasting fragrance and mellow and sweet taste.
The second is the real cloud. Rich water vapor has created unparalleled beauty of clouds for Lushan Mountain. Now, many tourists come from Lushan Mountain in the name of clouds, eager to see the magnificent scenery. The fog in Lushan Mountain is erratic and unpredictable. Sometimes it rises from Ran Ran in the valley and suddenly flies lightly in mid-air. One moment it was dark and churning, and the other moment it suddenly rose as thin as a veil. The fog is psychedelic, and the tall and steep peaks add mystery to the scenery of Lushan Mountain. Su Dongpo, a famous poet in the Song Dynasty, sent a message in the poem Tixilinbi:
Looking at Lushan Mountain from the front and side of peaks and valleys, from far, near, high and low places, Lushan Mountain presents various faces.
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there.
Ignorance of the true face of Lushan Mountain is largely related to the cloud. The fog in Lushan Mountain looks like a cloud at the foot of the mountain, and from a distance it looks like a snow-white felt hat buckled on the top of the mountain or a gauze wrapped around the waist. When people look around at the fog on the mountain, not only the distant peaks and rocks are hidden in the fog, but they are often in dense fog. The sea of clouds in Lushan Mountain is even more varied and praised by people. For example, Zhang Weiping, a writer in the Qing Dynasty, wrote that the clouds on Lushan Mountain are "like snow, soft as cotton, light as silver, wide as the sea, thin as wadding, thick as felt, moving or smoking, still or waves." This shows that the beautiful scenery on the mountain is really pleasing to the eye Bao Zhao's "atmospheric fog bears the stars, and the pool river is full of holes" lets us know that the fog on Lushan Mountain rises early and has a wide range. Qian Yu even "only suspects the cloud cave", thinking that there are cloud sources on Lushan Mountain, which makes people have to ask, "Are the clouds on Lushan Mountain really that rich?" According to the current records, the average foggy day in Lushan Mountain is 19 1 day. It is foggy from May to June, and there are 20 foggy days in July, 13 foggy days. The poet's rich imagination also has a certain objective basis.
Lushan Mountain has many strange and steep mountains. In the poems describing Lushan Mountain, there are many descriptions about the precipice of Lushan Mountain. For example, Bao Zhao wrote in Wang Shimen that "the peak is separated by half a day, and the long cliff is broken for thousands of miles"; Shen Bin also described in "Looking at Lushan Mountain" that "there is no bird path on one side, and several peaks take advantage of the fishermen". In other words, it is a great feature to go to the precipice of Lushan Mountain, otherwise it will not attract the poet's attention. It is described in Jiangxi Scenic Area, a world heritage in China, that the terrain of Lushan Mountain is caused by fault blocks, and there are many faults around it, especially in the southeast and northwest. The scale of faults in northeast-southwest direction is large, and the mountains formed by this fault block structure are mostly strange peaks and steep cliffs with different shapes. It turns out that Lushan Mountain is a broken mountain. No wonder there are so many cliffs, and no wonder poets value it so much.
There are many poems describing Lushan Mountain. As we are familiar with Bai Juyi's "April is the end of the world, is the mountain temple peach blossom?" (Peach blossom in Dalin Temple); Li Bai's "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days" ("Looking at Lushan Waterfall"); Wei's "Flowing over the cliff, empty smoke and deep green streams" (A Brief View of Xijiang Waterfall) and so on. From this, we know how beautiful and charming Lushan was in the past.
The ancients handed over the beautiful Lushan Mountain to us, and told us in their poems that the real significance of Lushan Mountain is that it is far away from the hustle and bustle of the world, and people's hearts can enjoy the tranquility of returning to nature when overlooking the clouds and walking through the jungle-how precious it is to the world. If Lushan Mountain is busy; If the people on Lushan Mountain are bustling; If there are many tall buildings on Lushan Mountain, it is not Lushan Mountain.