1, based on the general theory of economics, international economics studies international economic activities and international economic relations, which is the application and extension of the general economic theory in the scope of international economic activities and an organic part of the economic system.
2. The main research objects are international trade theory and policy, balance of payments theory, exchange rate theory, international factor flow, international investment theory, open macroeconomic equilibrium, etc. International economics was gradually developed on the basis of traditional international trade and international finance in the early 1920s. After World War II, it has been paid more and more attention in capitalist countries.
3. The theory of international economics has a long history, and the study of international economy can be traced back to the theory of international trade represented by Adam Smith and Ricardo. The idea of comparative advantage is the starting point of modern international economic analysis, and the "marginal revolution" after classical economic theory provides an important method for the formation of international economics to some extent.
4. Modern international economics is a systematic and independent theory developed on the basis of traditional international trade and international finance theories. It appeared in the 1940s, shortly after the rise of the neo-classical school represented by Keynes. For decades, the study of international economics has attracted the attention of many western economists and has been continuously developed, and new methods and theories have emerged one after another.
5. The general theories of international economics include international trade theory and policy (trade basis, trade conditions and distribution of trade benefits), international financial theory and national monetary policy (exchange rate theory and system, balance of payments adjustment theory and policy, international monetary system), and international factor flow (international flow of capital and labor force, multinational company theory). In recent decades, under the impetus of economists such as Krugman and Friedman, all aspects of the general theory of international economics have achieved sustained and fruitful development.