Wang Jiaqi (1May 5, 898—197665438+February19) was born in Fengxian, Jiangsu. Zoologists. 1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1952 Join the Jiu San Society. Member of the 3rd and 4th Central Committee of Jiu San Society, and member of the 5th Standing Committee of the Central Committee.
Wang Jiazhen was born in a scholarly family in Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province on May 5, 1998. His father Wang Wei, Guangxu five-year juren. He used to be the director of Fengxian County Sand Bureau and the dean of Zhao Wen College. He actively supported the anti-Qing struggle and sympathized with the League. Wang Wei is deeply concerned about the "weakness of the country" and hopes that scholars will "learn well and become officials" to serve the country and benefit Mori Zi. This pioneering spirit, rigorous style and open-minded attitude towards revolutionary things have had a great influence on Wang Jiazhen's growth.
Wang Jiazhen has been studying the Four Books and Five Classics in his study since he was three years old. At the age of six, he began to receive education in Zhaowen College, where his father was the principal until he was 16 years old. Since then, he has studied in Shanghai Jiangsu No.1 Business School, Jiangsu Nantong Private Textile School Preparatory Course and Nanjing Private Jinling University Senior Middle School.
1965438+In July, 2007, Wang Jiazhen was admitted to Nanjing Normal University, majoring in agriculture. 1921June After graduation, she became a natural biology teacher in the middle school affiliated to Nanjing National Southeast University. 1July 922 to June 0924165438+1October was employed as an assistant by the newly established Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and conducted research under the guidance of Professor Bing Zhi, a famous contemporary biologist in China. At the same time, I studied in the Biology Department of Southeast University from July 192 1 Sunday to June 1923 to make up for my undergraduate graduation credits. 1923 in June, he received a bachelor's degree in agriculture from National Southeast University. Under the guidance of Bing Lao, the research work of protozoa was carried out. He collected a large number of related documents, collected a large number of protozoa in Nanjing, and published his first paper "Beijing Protozoa Research" in 1925. This paper is also the first paper on the study of protozoa in China, marking the beginning of the study of protozoology in China.
1925 65438+ 10. In October, Wang Jiazhen was admitted to Jiangsu Province to study abroad at public expense with excellent results and went to the Department of Zoology of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, USA for further study. After three years' hard work, he obtained the doctor of philosophy degree from 1928 and was awarded the gold medal of outstanding biologist. His thesis "Ecological Study on the Seasonal Distribution of Protozoa in Freshwater Ponds" is a continuation of the study of protozoa ecology. During this period, he also published papers on the classification, physiology and ecology of protozoa in authoritative magazines such as Science in the United States, which attracted great attention of American biologists, so he was hired as a visiting scholar at the American Western Institute of Biology and a visiting researcher at the Lin Xue Institute of Marine Biology. 1In September, 928, Yale University hired him as a Stirling researcher with a high salary. 1929, Wang Jiaqi learned that foreign countries would send scientific investigation teams to China to collect specimens. He deeply felt the responsibility of the Chinese people. He believes that China's biological resources belong to China people, and China people should strengthen their research. He decided to give up the excellent working and living conditions provided by Yale University and return to China to explore the research career of China protozoology.
After returning to China, Wang Jiazhen was employed as a research professor in the Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences, and concurrently a professor in the Department of Biology, Central University, teaching general zoology, invertebrate zoology, histology and embryology. Four years later, he went to Qilu in the north, Fujian and Guangdong in the south, Chuankang in the west and the coast in the east, especially Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi. He took the lead in obtaining the first-hand information on the study of protozoology in China, and found many new genera and species of marine and freshwater protozoa, which laid the foundation for the further investigation of protozoa fauna in China. 1934 In July, the Natural History Museum of the National Academia Sinica was renamed as the Institute of Zoology and Botany of the National Academia Sinica, and its director was Wang Jiazhen. As a director, he immediately founded Sinensia, which not only provided a valuable garden for China scientists to publish their scientific research results, but also ended the history that research papers could only be published abroad. At the same time, the Institute has quickly established extensive academic exchanges and business contacts with more than 200 research institutions and 66 domestic units in 29 countries.
From 65438 to 0934, Wang Jiazhen initiated the establishment of the Chinese Zoological Society with zoologists from China in Lushan, Jiangxi. 1937 when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, the institute was reduced to ruins by the Japanese army. As the director, he left his wife and children in Shanghai and led the staff of the Institute of Animals and Plants to leave Nanjing and move to Beibei, Sichuan. From 65438 to May 0944, the Institute of Zoology and Botany was divided into the Institute of Zoology and the Institute of Botany, with Wang Jiazhen as its director. During the eight-year anti-Japanese war, he always United everyone to overcome all kinds of difficulties and persisted in research work. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he moved to Shanghai with the Institute. 1948 was elected as an academician of academia sinica. In the same year, at the invitation of Professor Joseph Needham of the British Council, he went to Britain for an inspection tour, which lasted more than three months. After returning home, the Kuomintang authorities ordered the Institute to move to Taiwan Province. Wang Jiazhen, together with the directors of most research institutes, launched a struggle to protect the research institutes. Despite the threats and inducements of the Kuomintang, she resolutely stayed in the mainland of the motherland and reserved a number of talents and scientific research facilities for the scientific and technological undertakings of new China.
Shanghai was liberated in May 1949. In August, the Shanghai Military Management Committee appointed Wang Jiazhen as member of the Standing Committee of Shanghai District Committee of Academia Sinica and director of the Institute of Zoology. 1in July, 949, he was invited to participate in the Preparatory Committee of the First National Congress of Natural Science Workers held in Beiping. Since then, he has participated in the reorganization of Academia Sinica and the preparation of China Academy of Sciences. 1950 Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, with Wang Jiaqi as its director.
No matter in the war years, or in the years when he was the director of the research institute and the leadership work was quite heavy, Wang Jiaqin always used all possible conditions and time to carry out research work. He has done a lot of work in the field of protozoa research and found 3 new genera, 58 new species, 4 new varieties and 8 new subspecies. 1950 published the paper Fiber System of Cladosporium wallichii. Using protein silver staining method, it was found for the first time that cilia of the genus Ciliates degenerated, but the fiber system under the membrane still existed, which is of great significance for studying the phylogeny of protozoa. In 1970s, the research on the protozoa of Mount Everest and some areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was completed, and more than 400 species of protozoa in this area were described. His achievements in the field of protozoa research are highly praised by the international community.
Wang Jiazhen cares about the socialist construction of the motherland and strives to make his research work serve the production practice. Through the investigation of more than 30 factory sewage treatment plants representing various industrial sectors, he compiled the Atlas of Micro Animals for Biological Treatment of Wastewater, which described the protozoa species 166, with detailed descriptions and illustrations, and attached photos, which was convenient for grass-roots technicians to use and was widely welcomed. This achievement won the 1978 Hubei Science Conference Award and the 1984 China Academy of Sciences Third Prize.
From 65438 to 0960, the Freshwater Rotifer Records of China edited by Wang Jiazhen was officially published. This monograph is the first time to classify and describe the common rotifer species distributed in swamps, ponds, lakes and reservoirs in China in detail. The contents include 252 species observed, belonging to 79 genera and 15 families. Among them, there are 4 new species and 2 new species, and the characteristics from "order" to "genus" are briefly described, with a key table, and the description of species is particularly detailed. All 252 species are accompanied by one or more images, totaling 533, which are summarized into 27 plates. The genetic relationship, morphology, physiology and ecology of rotifers were discussed in depth. This achievement won the 1978 National Science Conference Award and the Hubei Science Conference Award.
Wang Jiaqi 1952 joined Jiu San Society, served as the Standing Committee of the Central Committee, deputy director of Shanghai Branch, and 1954 served as the chairman of Wuhan Branch of Jiu San Society. 1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1959, concurrently vice president of Wuhan Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Central South Branch). He was elected as a deputy to the First, Second and Third National People's Congress, a member of the First, Second and Third China People's Political Consultative Conference, and vice chairman of Wuhan CPPCC. He has been editor-in-chief of Journal of Aquatic Biology, China Journal of Oceans and Lakes, and editor-in-chief of China Zoology.
Source: Central Propaganda Department of Jiu San Society