Wen Tianxiang described this in his poem:
..... See the bad parts, one by one. In the bamboo slips of Qi Taishi, in the Hu Bi in the east of Jin Dynasty, in the Liang Zhuan and in the Wu Festival. For General Yan's head, for the blood of courtiers, for Zhang Suiyang's teeth and for Yan Changshan's tongue. Or for Liaodong's hat, Qing. Li Bingxue; Or as a model, ghosts and gods cry heroically; Or crossing the river and generously swallowing Hu Jie; Still want to hit a thief, the vertical head is broken. ……
Shi Wen said that there are "festivals" (moral integrity) in these twelve histories, and his deeds are as follows:
1, Qi Taishi Jane: The language comes from Zuo Zhuan? Twenty-five years of "xianggong": The great history book says, "Cui Yi killed his king." Cui Zi killed it. His brother inherited the book and the deceased, two people. His brother is also a book, but he gave up. Heather's family heard that Dashi had died and kept the past simple. Smell his book, too.
In the twenty-fifth year of Duke Xiang of Lu, Cui Yao, a doctor of the State of Qi, lured Duke Zhuang of Qi and his wife to his home and ambushed them. Tai Shibo of the State of Qi (the "great history" in the text, which is synonymous with "great" and "too great" in ancient times) recorded in the chronicle that "Cui Yi killed the king". Cui Xun heard it was to kill Tarshish. At that time, historians were world officials, and their children inherited them. Therefore, after Tarshish saw the murder, his brothers Tarshish Zhong and Tarshish Shu successively succeeded to the throne, and also wrote "Cui Yi regicide" as mentioned above, which was killed by himself. For his brother Tai Shiji, the history of books remains the same, and he is bold and not afraid of death. Cui Yi knew that Tarshish could take his life, but not his ambition, so he had to give up his plan to hurt Tarshish. At that time, there were Taishigong and Heather historians in the State of Qi. Nan Shishi heard that the brothers of the Taishi were killed one after another, so he came to the palace gate with a blank booklet, ready to take over the position of the Taishi and continue fighting. He met the surviving Taishi in front of the palace, and learned that he directly wrote about Cui Jue's regicide, but he also returned it.
2. Tiger Wall in Jindong: Is the language from Zuo Zhuan? Gong Xuan two years: Ugly B, Zhao Chuan attacked Gong Ling in Taoyuan. Zi Xuan came back without coming out of the mountain. The great history book says, "Zhao Dun killed his king." Show it to North Korea. Zi Xuan said, "Otherwise." Yes, he said, "You are a son, and you will not be more successful if you die, but you will not seek thieves. Who is it? " Zi Xuan said: "Wu Hu,' I'm pregnant, I take care of myself', that's what I call it!" Confucius said, "Donghu has a good history, but calligraphy is not hidden." Zhao, a doctor of Gu Zhiliang, suffered misfortune for the law. Cherish it, the more so. "
In the second year of Lu, Zheng Dun (Zhao), the monarch of the State of Jin, repeatedly advised debauchery to restrain evil spirits and make friends with evil. Gong Ling stabbed the hoe first, but the hoe was moved by Zhao Dun, and the assassination failed. Later, when he hosted a banquet for Zhao Dun in September, he secretly ambushed an armored soldier and let the evil mastiff bite Zhao Dun. Thanks to Zhao Dun. One of the Zhao family designed and killed in Taoyuan. At that time, Zhao Dun was still wandering in shouyangshan. After hearing the news, he returned to Jiangdu, which made Zhao Chuan return to China from Zhou Ying's black ass (that is, Jin Chenggong), and Zhao Dun presided over the state affairs again.
Dong Hu, the Taishi Gong of Jin State, wrote "Zhao Dun regicide" in Historical Records and presented it to North Korea. Zhao Dun refused, and Dong Hu scolded him: "You are an official, but you should not cross the border to other countries. After returning home, you should not punish the rebels. So, who are you? " Zhao Dun was not good at words, so he had to quote poems to express his ambition, sighing, "Ah! I care about my old country, but I keep such sadness to myself! This is me! (Note: This article puts two poems of Zhao Dun in one place, namely "Peak? Xiongluo: "I am pregnant, and I am self-defeating. "Xiaoya? Xiaoming: "If you are worried about your heart, you should care about yourself." ) Finally, I was depressed.
Confucius commented on this matter and said: "Donghu is really a good history in ancient times! He remembered that the principle of history is to write straight and not be hidden by the venerable. Zhao was also a good doctor in ancient times, but he was notorious for regicide because historians insisted on principles. What a pity! If he had gone abroad, this crime would have been avoided. "
The Taishi brothers each interpreted the historian's conscience and integrity with their own enthusiasm. Dong Hu is an important state official facing the ruling and opposition parties. He criticized resolutely, adhered to principles and was not afraid of power. They show the integrity of historians who stick to the truth and would rather die than surrender.
3, zhangqin's "Butterfly Lovers": This language comes from "Historical Records? Stay at Houjia: Huaiyang has a good taste and learns etiquette. See the sea in the east. Darius, because the iron vertebra weighs 120 kg. Qin Huang traveled eastward, and Liang and the guest hit Qin Huang in the waves and sand, and hit the auxiliary car by mistake. Emperor Qin was furious, demanding the world, and begging thieves was very urgent, so it was. Liang Nai changed his name and he hid.
Liu Hou Sean, the founding hero of the Han Dynasty, is a descendant of Korea in the old six countries. His father and his father were both prime ministers of the king of Korea. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Six Kingdoms, Sean, who was in subjugation, was always thinking about revenge and revival. During his study tour, he met a strong man who could operate a large iron vertebra weighing 120 Jin, so he wanted to stab Qin Shihuang with him. While waiting for the first emperor to pass through Bolangsha, Lux flew into the car, but unfortunately accidentally hit the vice car. The first emperor was furious and arrested Liang and others. Zhang Liangsui changed his name and surname and fled to Xiapi to hide.
4. Hansu Dance Festival: Language from Han Shu? Biographies of Su Wu: Wu went to the sea and couldn't eat, so he dug wild rats to eat grass. Zhang Han Festival Shepherd, lie down and exercise, the festival is coming.
In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Su Wu was appointed as the envoy to Xiongnu. Because of the greed of John Zhang, the deputy envoy, he was involved in political disputes within Xiongnu, and Su Wu and his party were detained by Xiongnu. Su Wu tried to kill himself, but fortunately he didn't die. Xiongnu put him in the cellar again, trying to intimidate him into surrendering to Xiongnu with hunger. Su Wu never gave in, but he didn't die of thirst, ice and snow, and hunger for a wool blanket. Huns exiled him to the North Sea (now along Lake Baikal in Russia) to graze sheep, and threatened to release him to Su Wu when he gave birth to a baby and was breastfeeding. Su Wu stood facing south (in the direction of the Han Dynasty) all day long, and was diligent in doing exercises, but the end of the festival was sparse. Emperor Han Zhaodi was rescued by the Han Dynasty in six years. Su Wu went to the prime of life, and whoever stayed in Xiongnu for nineteen years came back with white hair and beard.
Zhang Liangzhui and Su Wu Festival embody the integrity of cherishing the motherland, being indomitable and not afraid of violence.
5. General Iwatou: Is the language from the History of the Three Kingdoms? Shu Shu? Zhang Feichuan: It's a great honor to break Zhang's oath to Ba County when I arrived in Jiangzhou. Yan Fei said: "The army has arrived, how dare you refuse to fight?" Yan replied, "Your Majesty and others invaded our state, and there were beheadings in our state, but no generals surrendered." Angry fly, left and right hands are pulled apart, and the color remains the same. He said, "If you are angry, you will be angry!" Fly hard and let it go, attracting it as a guest.
When Liu Bei seized Yizhou, Zhang Fei was ordered to attack Liu Zhang from Jiangling to Sichuan and go to Jiangzhou, where he met Yan Yan, the Ministry of Liu Zhang, and was captured alive after fierce fighting. Zhang Fei thundered, "The army has arrived. Why don't you surrender and dare to resist?" Yan Yan righteously retorted: "You people are unreasonable and want to invade our Yizhou. We have only beheaded generals in Yizhou, but no surrendered generals! " Zhang Fei was furious and ordered Yan Yan to be beheaded. Yan Yan looks as usual. As she walked, she said, "behead your head." What are you angry about? " Zhang Fei was infected by his indomitable spirit, so he untied it and introduced it to the guests.
6, blood in the set: language from the book of Jin? Biography of Ji Shao: Shao was dusted by the son of heaven and devoted himself to doing whatever he wanted. Julian Waghann was defeated in the shadow, and all the officials and guards were scattered and collapsed. Only Shao was crowned with his own body, and the soldiers handed over to the imperial chariot, and the arrows gathered in the rain. Shao was killed on the emperor's side, and blood splashed on the royal clothes. The son of heaven deeply lamented. When the matter was settled, it was necessary to wash clothes around. The emperor said, "This servant is bleeding, don't go."
In July of the first year of Yongxing, Emperor Jinhui, Hui Di was forced to move northward. He started to beg Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu who was stationed in Yecheng, and led an army to Anyang with more than 100,000 troops. Sima Ying sent Shi Chao to reject Julian Waghann. At the end of July, Julian Waghann was defeated by the bandits, and the officers and men fled. The enemy's bow and arrow pointed directly at Cheng Yu of Hui Di. In the confusion, the guard fell. Only Ji Shao, the servant (Ji Kang's son), dressed appropriately, struggled to protect the emperor before the command. Unfortunately, he was caught by the flow vector and died on the emperor's side. When he was killed, his blood spilled on Hui Di's royal clothes. Hui Di lost his protector, fell into Shi Chao's army, was taken hostage in Yecheng, and was controlled by Sima Ying. Later, Imperial Secretary wanted to wash the blood from Hui Di's royal clothes. Although Hui Di was mentally retarded, he was inspired by Ji Shao's loyalty before he died, so he stopped the imperial secretary: "This is the blood of Jishi, don't wash it off."
The blood on General Yan's head and his assistant's integrity of fearless and brave resistance to strong enemies.
7. Zhang Yuyang's Teeth: Is the language from Old Tang Book? Biography of Zhang Xun: In October, the city fell. The patrol and Yao Huan, Nan Jiyun and Xu Yuan were all caught by thieves. The policeman was generous, and every time he fought with the thief, he shouted swearing, his eyes were bleeding and his teeth were broken. When the city was about to fall, he bowed to the west again and said, "I have exhausted my wisdom and courage, and I can't restrain bandits and protect the isolated city." Although I am a ghost, I swear to be a thief to thank me. "When the city fell, Yin said," I heard that every time you fight, your eyes are cracked and your teeth are broken. How come? "said the policeman." I want to swallow the thief, but I can't! "Zi Qi dug his mouth with a broadsword and looked at his teeth, but only three people survived. The patrol cursed, "I died for your father." I am attached to thieves and dogs are jealous. I can be safe for a long time! "Zi Qi is very strange, and he will be polite. He said, "If this person does good, he won't use them for me. You can't stay long. He said that he was killed with Ji Yun and sent to Luoyang.
Zhang Xun lived alone with Xu Yuan in the Anshi Rebellion, and was called "Zhang Suiyang". Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan led Suiyang soldiers and civilians to prevent rebels from entering the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for more than a year, which was of inestimable significance to prevent the rich areas in the south of the Yangtze River from being involved in the Anshi Rebellion, causing greater losses to the Tang Dynasty and the people of the Tang Dynasty, and winning valuable time for the Tang Dynasty to organize troops to counter the rebellion. In more than a year's time, Zhang Xun first defeated Linghu tide, then suffered repeated defeats, and finally fell because of the lack of food in the city. When he went out for help, reinforcements were passive and delayed. Immediately, Yao Huan, the father of the city, and Nan Jiyun, the Ministry, were killed at the same time, and Xu Yuan, the commander-in-chief of Suiyang, who was guarding the city with Zhang Xun, was also sent to Luoyang for execution.
Every time Zhang Xun fought against the rebels while guarding the city, he gritted his teeth, even his eyes cracked and his teeth fell out. When the city was broken and occupied, rebel general Yin picked Zhang Xun's mouth with a knife and found that there were only three teeth left. Zhang Xun would rather die than surrender. After he was captured, he still rebuked the rebels for their criminal acts of betraying the country and endangering the people until he was killed.
8. Yan Changshan's tongue: Is the language from the old Tang book? Yan Gaoqing biography: Yan closed his eyes and reported: "I am Minister Tang, always loyal and always obedient to your department, but I am against you!" Besides, you were a shepherd in Yingzhou and stole your pet, which led to this. What did the son of heaven do to you, and you turned against him? "Lushan was so angry that he ordered the southern end of the middle bridge to be tied to the west second column, and he was so angry that he no longer called names.
It was the birthday of my youngest son and nephews, Xu and Yuan. They all amputated first. He Qianyan's brother was beside him, his face covered with blood. Passers-by cried when he cut it.
New Tang book again? Biography of Yan Gaoqing: When Yan Gaoqing arrived in Luoyang, Lushan said angrily, "I am too defensive. Why should I be responsible?" Qiu Qing closed his eyes and scolded you: "What did the son of heaven do to you instead?" ? I am Tang Chen, loyal and loyal again. I wish I could behead you. I'm rebellious. "Lushan was so angry that it was tied up by the pillars of Tianjin Bridge and spat at it with meat. The thief hooked his tongue and said, "Can you curse me again? "Gao Qing died of Hu at the age of sixty-five. Ever since Lu Qian broke his hands and feet, He Qiannian's brother was beside him comfortably, with blood in his mouth, and the thieves were shocked. He cried when he saw it. The relatives of Gao Qing Zongzi were all killed. Gao Qing has been captured, and the county has become a thief.
Yan Gaoqing, the elder brother of Yan Zhenqing, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, was called "Yan Changshan" because he was in charge of Changshan temporarily. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion began, and the counties in Hebei were affected by the wind. Only Yan Yan and his younger brother Zhenqing (then Governor of Pingyuan) sent troops to kill thieves, so that they once lamented that "there is no good or evil in the twenty-four counties!" Tang Xuanzong was overjoyed. Yan brothers spread all over Hebei, pretending to be pioneers in Julian Waghann, and their doors have been unearthed. A few days later, under the call, Hebei 17 counties immediately joined forces, and the situation was once excellent. Only six counties were still rebelling, so that Shaanxi soldier An Lushan had to return to Hebei to destroy the rear, and the military pressure in Guanzhong was immediately relieved. However, because there were not many troops in Changshan city, Yan Gaoqing only fought for eight days, and the defenders had no time to finish the uprising, so Enemy at the Gates and Taiyuan did not send troops to rescue him. Although he tried his best to hold on for six days, he finally fell into the hands of the rebels.
After the city was broken, the rebels coerced Gao Qing to surrender with Yan Jiming, the third son of Gao Yanqing, and were severely rejected. Ji was killed and Gao Qing was sent to Luoyang. In the face of An Lushan's abuse, he sternly reprimanded the thief. An Lushan, who became angry from embarrassment, ordered Yan Gaoqing and his youngest son, the birthday girl, nephew Xu and Changshan magistrate Yuan to be tied to the bridge column in Tianjin Bridge, and their hands and feet were interrupted first. When Gao Qing was arrested and taken to Chang 'an, An Lushan's younger brother He Qiannian watched bloodily. He Qiannian's younger brother cut all the people (that is, the people of later generations) one by one with a knife. When Yan Gaoqing was dying, the rebels cut his tongue and asked him, "Can you still curse?" Although Gao Qing didn't make any noise, her throat was still full of vague curses until she died.
Later, Yan Zhenqing got the news that Gao Qing and his son were killed, and sent his nephew Quan Ming to deal with the aftermath, only finding Gao Qing's feet and Ji Ming's skull. Yan Zhenqing's grief and indignation were hard to suppress, and he wrote a famous work in the history of China's calligraphy, A Draft for the Sacrifice of a Nephew, which is known as the "second running script in the world" after Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection. This article was written in 758 AD, when Zhenqing was 50 years old.
In the first year of Dezong Xingyuan (784), nearly 30 years after Gao Qing and his son were killed, Li Xilie rebelled in Huaixi. The traitor Qilu wanted to get rid of Yan Zhenqing, so he sent him to surrender and was finally killed by Li Xilie. When the news of Zhenqing's murder came, all the armed forces burst into tears. Zhenqing continued to write the loyalty legend of Yan family with his enthusiasm.
Zhang Suiyang's teeth and Yan Changshan's tongue all speak of righteousness, righteousness and righteousness in the face of rebellion.
9. Liaodong hat: The language comes from "The History of the Three Kingdoms"? Shu Wei? Biography of Guan Ning: I would rather wear a soap hat, a cloth quilt and a cloth skirt, reply at any time, go in and out of the boudoir, be helpless, and be my own staff officer. Four-year-old shrine sacrifices, need their own strength, put on clothes and cotton towels. Therefore, in Liaodong, all white cloths are light clothes, and they personally recommend food and bow down as a gift.
Ning Guan was a famous scholar in the Han and Wei Dynasties, and he was famous for his lofty ideals. When living in Liaodong, I often wear a soap hat (black hat), a cloth cover, a cloth quilt and a cloth skirt, and change clothes or heavy clothes with the seasons. I can walk on crutches when I go in and out, and I don't need help from others. Because of his noble ambition, later generations used the "Liaodong hat" as a metaphor for a noble costume. One day, Guan Ding and Hua Xin were studying, and there was a commotion outside the window. Hua Xin hurriedly got up and looked at the excitement, showing envy. Guan Ning knew that Hua Xin was keen on fame and wealth and despised him very much, so he broke up with Hua Xin.
10, model: The language is from The Three Kingdoms? Shu Shu? Zhuge Liang Chuan: In the spring of three years, Liang led the people south, and the autumn was peaceful. Military capital, enriching the country and strengthening the people, is a big move to run the army and talk about martial arts. In five years, he led the army north and stationed in Hanzhong. When he came, he said: ...
In the fifth year of Shu and Han Dynasties, Zhuge Liang went to Qishan for the Northern Expedition. Before he left, he explained the reason of the Northern Expedition to his successor, Liu Chan. This is the famous "example". The article is impassioned, expounding the justice and necessity of the Northern Expedition, and encouraging his successor not to belittle himself, but to be a virtuous minister, a far-fetched person and a generous assistant. The pure heart of boxing is all in the text.
1 1, crossing the river: the language comes from the Book of Jin? "Biography of Zu Ti": The emperor took Pei as the general and was also the secretariat of Yuzhou. He reported thousands of people and shot down 3,000 horses, and he recruited himself without armor. In spite of this, more than 100 families of this immigration department still crossed the river. They vowed: "If Zu Ti can't clear the Central Plains, it will be like a great river!" The words are heroic and everyone laments. He was stationed in Jiangyin, where he began to smelt and cast weapons. More than 2000 people fell behind.
Zu Ti, a famous Eastern Jin Dynasty star, has no ambition. When he heard the cock crow, he danced with his good friend Liu Kun. And the dragon, in the Jin Dynasty Yongjia rebellion, the fall of the Central Plains, decided to restore, and advised the Jin and Yuan emperors to explore the North. Yuan Di gave him a false title of "Secretariat of Yuzhou" (because Yuzhou had been reduced to brutalization at that time), only with 1000 people's rations and 3000 pieces of cloth, and ordered him to recruit soldiers for the Northern Expedition. During the expedition, Zu Ti crossed the river from Jingkou to the north with his own music. When the boat reached the midstream, Zu Ti swore with an oar: "If Zu Ti can't clear the Central Plains and cross the river again, it will be like a big river!" After crossing the northern ferry, I fought bloody battles and recovered most of the land south of the Yellow River with nine years' achievements. Just when he was full of ambition and enterprising, the internal contradictions in the Eastern Jin Dynasty intensified, and Wang Dun was good at politics. Zu Ti was worried that the infighting in the imperial court would endanger the Northern Expedition, so he fell ill and died in Qiu Yong. After his death, the people of Yuzhou lost their lives, and some of the territory he recovered was reoccupied by the post-Zhao regime.
12. Beating thieves: Is the language from the Tang Dynasty? Duan Chuan: Tomorrow, Ba Zhao will discuss this matter. Yao Lingyan, Li and Li Ziping are all seated. Dressed in military uniform and knee-high with Ba, he got angry when he got to the front, grabbed his elephant wrist, jumped forward and spat in his face, saying, "Crazy thief, I wish I could cut you to pieces and drive you away!" Then call. He raised his arm to defend himself, only to be hit and walk on his knees bleeding. The murderer was startled and began to dare not move; But the seaside can't wait. Shi Xiu said, "I'm not against you. Why don't you kill me!" The fierce party group arrived and was killed. Seaside and Li Minghe Yue Ling were killed. Dezong heard about it in Fengtian, but he regretted that his Committee could not use it.
Duan was a famous soldier in the middle Tang Dynasty. De Zongjian was wooed by the imperial court and suppressed the rebellion in Li Xilie for four years. Because he was dissatisfied with Jing and got too little reward from the imperial court, a mutiny broke out. Zhu Qiu was elected commander-in-chief, and sent troops to invade Chang 'an and squeeze into the palace vault to rob property. Zhu Qiu ascended the throne in Zheng Xuantang, claiming to be "Emperor Daqin", and Dezong fled from Xianyang to Fengtian (now Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province). Duan was forced to be an official before Zhu proclaimed himself emperor. On the day of deliberation, when talking about the topic that Zhu was about to usurp the throne, Duan suddenly grabbed another minister's wrist, grabbed the water board from his hand, jumped in front of Zhu, and swore, "Crazy thief, how can I chase you to pieces?" While banging Zhu's face with water. Zhu Qiu raised his arm to stop it, and he was hit on the forehead. Suddenly, there was a lot of blood, so he crawled away. At first, the rebels were shocked by Duan's bravery. After a while, they swarmed and killed Duan and several other officials who didn't want to disobey. After learning about Duan's deeds in Fengtian, he cried for a long time.