Modern Iran is a conservative theocratic country, and the power is in the hands of theocratic organizations. But just 40 years ago, under the leadership of King Pahlavi, Iran was the richest and most secular power in the Middle East. At that time, it was not only the ninth largest economy in the world, but also had advanced equipment of 4 10000. Both the military and the United States regard it as the most reliable ally in the Middle East. Because of its strength at that time and the importance of the United States, Iran enjoyed a reputation as a defender in the Middle East. At that time, Iraq was another big country in the Middle East compared with Iran, and it was only the life of primary school students, not to mention. But unexpectedly, 1979, such a powerful Pahlavi regime was overthrown by a religious leader named Khomeini in just one year.

Imam Khomeini succeeded in seizing power without any resistance, and immediately began a nationwide purge. Under his rule, Iran immediately retreated from the largest power in the Middle East to the medieval theocracy, which was not worth mentioning at all. The first reason why Khomeini succeeded in seizing power is that the Pahlavi regime is actually not as strong and stable as it seems. At that time, Iran looked radiant, but in fact, it was today's failure that made Iran's internal contradictions surface. The reason why Iran is strong lies in the modernization and secularization reform promoted by the king's government. Although modernization can rapidly improve Iran's national strength, it also brings a series of problems.

The first is polarization between the rich and the poor. Modernization must adopt market economy. Those who can adapt to market rules make a fortune, while those who can't become poor. The implementation of market economy has rapidly widened the gap between the rich and the poor in Iran and greatly damaged the king's reputation among the poor. The market economy has brought Iran's free trade and free sale of cheap agricultural products. Cheap American food soon exhausted the crops of Iranian farmers and made them bankrupt. Economic difficulties made the lowest stratum in Iran, especially farmers, quickly stand on the opposite side of the king.