He has served as Secretary of the Youth League Committee, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee, Township Head and Party Secretary of Shuangwan Township, Jinchuan District, Jinchang City; Deputy head of Jinchuan District; Standing Committee member and deputy head of Jinchuan District Committee; Director of jinchang Agriculture Bureau; Deputy Secretary-General of jinchang Municipal People's Government; Director of jinchang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau and Party Secretary; Deputy secretary and district head of Jinchuan District Committee; Director of jinchang Finance Bureau and Party Secretary; Standing Committee of Jinchang Municipal Committee, Secretary of Political and Legal Committee of Municipal Committee.

On October 2011110, Li Shengwei was elected as the chairman of the 7th CPPCC Gold Committee.