2 English reference five rounds theory [Chinese medicine terminology examination and approval Committee. Terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (20 13)]
3 Overview fivewheel theory refers to the theory that the five zang-organs are divided into spleen, heart, lung, liver and kidney according to the close relationship between the eyes and the viscera, so as to explain the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the eyes and their relationship with the viscera and guide clinical syndrome differentiation [1].
Ophthalmology of traditional Chinese medicine divides the eyes into five parts from outside to inside: eyelid, two canthus, white eyes, black eyes and pupil spirit, which act on the five five internal organs of spleen, heart, lung, liver and kidney respectively, and are named as meat wheel, blood wheel, wind wheel and water wheel, which are collectively called five wheels.
The theory of five rounds originated from Neijing. For example, Shu Da said: "The essence of the five internal organs is to meet the purpose and be refined. The essence is the eye, the essence of bone is the pupil, the essence of muscle is the black eye, the essence of blood is the collateral, the essence of qi is the white eye, and the essence of muscle is the restraint. The essence of bones and muscles is the pulse, which belongs to the brain and then to the neck. " Generally, the relationship between various parts of the eyes and internal organs is pointed out. On the basis of this discussion, later doctors developed the theory of dividing the eye into five rounds, which belong to the five internal organs, to explain the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the eye and guide clinical diagnosis and treatment, that is, the five-round theory.
According to textual research, "Five Wheels" first appeared in Song of Benson Liu's Eyes. Among the existing medical books in China, Yan Fang Lun of Taiping Sheng Hui is recorded earlier. As for the classification of all parts of the eyes as "wheels", the interpretation of "Five Wheels of Kao Yao Xin" is that "its image moves like a round wheel".
The theory of five rounds has certain guiding significance for clinical syndrome differentiation and has been widely used by ophthalmologists since the Song Dynasty.
4 The flesh chakra refers to the upper and lower eyelids (cell eyelids), belonging to the spleen, which is the main muscle and opposite to the stomach, so its diseases are mostly related to the spleen and stomach [2]. Eyelid includes anatomical eyelid skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, meibomian and eyelid conjunctiva. The eyelid belongs to the spleen in the viscera, and the spleen dominates the muscles, so it is called the meat wheel. Because the spleen and stomach are exterior and interior, the disease of meat wheel is often attributed to the spleen and stomach.
Blood chakra refers to two blood collaterals, which belong to the heart, and the heart controls blood, which is contrary to the small intestine, so its diseases are mostly related to the heart and small intestine [2]. The two canthus include canthus skin, conjunctiva, blood vessels and lacrimal caruncle, semilunar fold and canthus lacrimal punctum. The nasal joints of the upper and lower eyelids are blunt and round, called the big canthus, also known as the inner canthus; The angle at the temporal junction is sharp and small, which is called the small canthus, also known as the pointed canthus or the outer canthus. The two canthus belong to the heart in the zang-fu organs, and the heart governs blood, so it is called blood chakra. Because the heart and small intestine are from the outside to the inside, blood circulation diseases are often blamed on the heart and small intestine.
6 qi LUN qi LUN refers to white eyes, which belong to the lungs. The lungs govern qi, and qi is in the exterior of the large intestine, so it is a disease? Most diseases are related to the lung and large intestine [2]. White eyes include anatomical bulbar conjunctiva and anterior sclera. White eyes are dirty and affect the lungs, which govern qi, so it is called qi wheel. Because the lung and the large intestine are the difference between the exterior and the interior, qi wheel disease is often attributed to the lung and the large intestine. In addition, white eyes surround black eyes and are closely connected. Once the lesion occurs, it is easy to influence each other.
7 Wind wheel Wind wheel refers to black eyes, belonging to the liver, which is the dirty of wind wood and is in the exterior of the gallbladder, so its disease is mostly related to the liver and gallbladder [2].
Black eyes mainly refer to the modern anatomical cornea. Black eyes belong to the liver in the viscera, and the liver controls the wind, so it is called wind wheel. Because of the exterior and interior of the liver and gallbladder, wind turbine disease is often blamed on the liver and gallbladder. In addition, after the black eye, Ren Huang, between the black eye and Ren Huang, is full of magical water, and the pupil god is located in the center of Ren Huang. Therefore, when the disease of dark circles is deeply rooted in people's hearts, it will easily affect Ren Huang, Shenshui and Pupil God.
The waterwheel refers to the pupil, belonging to the kidney, which controls water and is opposite to the bladder, so its diseases are mostly related to the kidney and bladder [2].
The waterwheel refers to the pupil god. In a narrow sense, the pupil god refers to the anatomical pupil; Pupil spirit in a broad sense not only refers to the pupil, but also includes uvea, retina, optic nerve, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous body and so on. "Waterwheel" generally refers to the pupil god in a broad sense, which is the main part of the eyes that can see everything clearly. The five-wheel theory originally advocated that the pupil in the viscera belongs to the kidney, and the kidney controls the water, so it was called the waterwheel. Because kidney and bladder are the difference between exterior and interior, waterwheel disease is blamed on kidney and bladder. However, due to the complex structure of the pupil, the practice of many doctors in ancient and modern times has proved that its physiology and pathology are not only related to the kidney and bladder, but also closely related to other viscera.