Ways and means of explanation The common methods are as follows.
(1) leading narrative. In the process of guiding the audience to visit, the narrator explains and explains according to the display order, which can not only tell the whole display content from beginning to end, but also explain a certain part of the display according to the requirements of the audience. This way has a relaxed atmosphere and is suitable for receiving scattered audiences. It is widely used in museums.
② Classroom teaching. This is mainly to accept students who use the museum as a second class. They visited the museum in an organized and planned way, and the lecturers explained with reference to the teaching progress of the school, interspersed with necessary questions. This way of explanation has a strong teaching atmosphere.
③ General introduction. Before the audience visits, give a concentrated and general introduction to the theme and main contents of the exhibition, so that the audience can understand what they want to visit and get interested. This way is suitable for receiving large groups.
4 discussion type. It is suitable for receiving a small number of professional workers who come to visit the museum with purpose. The commentator and the audience watched and talked from time to time, and the atmosphere was warm, and both sides gained something.
⑤ Speaking operation. In the process of explanation, some models, replicas or imitations are provided to the audience, so that the audience can "touch" and operate, feel immersive, and deepen their understanding of what they say and see. This method of explanation is widely used in museums in some developed countries.
Each museum is different in nature, content, form and scale, and the audience's occupation, age, education level, purpose, focus and ability to accept the displayed content are also different.
Therefore, different types of museums should have different keynote and practices. For different types of audiences, we should give different explanations. Even the same audience, with the passage of time, we can't always accept them in the same way.
The depth of content, superficial emphasis, details, angle of drawing materials, expressions, pronunciation and intonation, and the use of emotions all vary from museum to museum and from person to person.
Explanatory draft is the basic basis for commentators to explain, and its level is directly related to the effect of explanation. The explanatory draft should be ideological, scientific, knowledgeable, artistic and targeted. It is necessary to have a correct point of view, a clear context, a combination of history and events, reasonable and well-founded, concise, interesting, clear-cut and appropriate.
The narrator is the main embodiment of the museum's propaganda and education function, and also the teacher of the audience. Interpreters should have rich professional knowledge, scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts and noble moral cultivation, and be endowed with aesthetic appearance, organizational ability, expressive ability, adaptability, observation ability, creativity and other psychological qualities.
The narrator must pay attention to explaining the art, articulate clearly and fluently in spoken language, and have a proper rhythm; The pronunciation is round and loud, and the sound and emotion blend; Master logical stress and logical pause; The language is concise and easy to understand. In silent language, we should use expressions to express the true feelings derived from the explanation content, so as to better attract and infect the audience.
The explanation posture should be natural and generous, and the gestures should be used properly to create visual illusion in the eyes of the audience, stimulate the imagination of the audience and deepen the understanding of the content.
In order to facilitate the visit, the narrator should be good at choosing the right explanation position.
In addition to full-time interpreters, you can also set up and hire part-time interpreters and volunteer interpreters.