Philosopher. Zi Zhisheng,189565438+February 4th, was born in Qiyi Town, tanghe county City, Henan Province. His father's name is different from Taiwan Province's, and so is his word tree. He was a scholar of the Wuxu family in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. His family is rich and highly educated, which can be called a "poetic family". Feng Youlan's early education is no different from that of most China scholars. When I went to school at the age of seven, I read the Book of Songs first, then the Analects of Confucius and Mencius, and then the University and the Doctrine of the Mean, and memorized them from beginning to end. 1965438+In September 2005, Feng Youlan was admitted to the Philosophy Department of Peking University and began to receive systematic philosophy training. At that time, Peking University was the birthplace of the New Culture Movement, which opened Feng Youlan's eyes and was deeply influenced. In the last year of graduation, Hu Shi and Liang Shuming came to teach at Peking University. One is a doctoral student studying in the United States, an important athlete in the new culture movement, advocating the theory of total westernization under the banner of Dewey's pragmatic philosophy; One is the mainstay of the Oriental Cultural School. As soon as he set foot in Peking University, he declared that "I'm here to play for Sakyamuni and Confucius, and I won't do anything else", aiming at reviving Chinese culture. According to their respective forums, two young and brilliant gentlemen started a big debate about the eastern and western cultures. Feng Youlan was lucky enough to meet them and benefited a lot, which has a profound inspiration for his future study of Chinese and Western philosophy, especially thinking about the relationship between Chinese and Western cultures.

19 18 graduated from the philosophy department of Peking University. 19 19 studied at Columbia university graduate school, and studied under neo-realist Meng Dage and pragmatist Dewey. Because Bergson's philosophy of life was popular in China at that time, Feng Youlan was also interested in this school of philosophy, and specially wrote two articles, Bergson's Philosophical Method and Spiritual Power, to introduce Bergson's philosophical thoughts to domestic ideological circles. At the same time, he also used Bergson's philosophical point of view to write the article "Why there is no science in China", pointing out that; The reason why there is no modern science in China is not that China people are stupid, but that they can't do it, but they can't. Because China tradition pays attention to what people are, that is, their character and cultivation, rather than what people have, that is, knowledge and power; China's philosophy pursues inward, aiming at the perfection of human nature; Western philosophy, on the other hand, explores outward, with the ultimate goal of understanding nature and conquering the outside world. It is the different ideals and pursuits of Chinese and Western philosophy that have caused the differences between Chinese and Western cultures, which led to China's not lagging behind in modern science. 1923 received a doctorate in philosophy. After returning to China, he successively served as a professor in Zhongzhou University, Guangdong University and yenching university. 1928 ~ 1952, Professor Tsinghua University, Head of Philosophy Department; 1929 ~ 1952, Dean of Tsinghua University College of Literature; 1930 ~ 1946, Professor and Head of the Department of Philosophy, Southwest Associated University. Professor Zi 1952 from the Department of Philosophy of Peking University, member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences, member of the Second, Third and Fourth CPPCC, member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth CPPCC and representative of the Fourth National People's Congress. Feng Youlan not only engaged in teaching for a long time, but also wrote a lot of works on philosophy and philosophy history.

The Philosophy of Life, published in 1926, combines China's traditional philosophy with pragmatism and neo-realism, and puts forward a "golden mean" outlook on life. The first volume of China's Philosophy was published in 1930, and the second volume of China's Philosophy was published in 1934. There are English and Japanese translations, which have great influence at home and abroad. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, he successively wrote six books, including Neo-Confucianism, Theory of New Things, New World Training, New Primitive Man, New Original Road and New Knowledge, which were collectively called The Book of Zhenyuan, which combined Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism with western neo-realism and formed a speculative philosophy system. 1946- 1947 wrote a brief history of Chinese philosophy in English when he was a visiting professor at the university of Pennsylvania. 1948 was published in new york with Italian and French translations.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he wrote the first and second volumes of New Editions of the History of Philosophy in China, the first draft of historical materials of the History of Philosophy in China and the New Editions of the History of Philosophy in China.