Overview of the War:/kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, under the leadership of three generations of Li and Li Deming, the Tangut Qiang people who lived for a long time not only kept the country where they lived for generations, but also took Hexi area as their own with the help of the strength of three generations, which made the Northern Song Dynasty lose its traditional market and changed its political pattern and destiny with the Northern Song Dynasty. Number of generals: Li, Li Deming, Qi Xing: Number of political influence: Number of comprehensive stars: 5.5 Type of war: Forgetting the war is dangerous. The loss of Hexi land sounded the alarm for the Northern Song Dynasty. In-depth analysis of this war: at dusk in Dijinze, a bonfire was lit, and Li and his Tangut Qiang people knelt down to worship the ancestors of the gods. Master Shibi danced wildly to meet the fire, his face was ferocious, his eyes were blurred and his spells were frantic. Li looked at the bloody sunset in the south. Three hundred miles away, Li Ji, the leader of the Tangut Qiang, handed over the hometown of the Tangut Qiang people, and lived for the Song people for one hundred years in Wuzhou, Yin Xia, holding a civil war hero and beating a foreign bear. Where will you go when you are in A Qiang? The party is unwilling to strengthen the people, and neither is Li. In Zedi, Li, a young Tangut Qiang, pulled out a full moon machete, like a white stone possessed by a god, leading the Tangut people out of the swamp of history and making Xixia people put on a big show on the historical stage in China. The Tangut people, also known as the Tangut Qiang people, are a branch of the Qiang people in the northwest of ancient China. The Tangut Qiang people only appeared in that period. By that time, the Tangut Qiang people had joined Xiping in the east and refused to protect the leaves in the west, traveling thousands of miles south and thousands of miles north, forming a loose tribal alliance of all sizes. In 584, under the leadership of Tuoba Congning, the leader of the tribal alliance, he joined the Sui Dynasty and moved to Xuzhou. When the time came, the footprints of the Tangut people moved to Qinghai, forming eight Tangut departments, among which Tuo Domineering was the most powerful hunter. In the middle and early Tang Dynasty, the Tangut people accepted the nominal rule of the Tang government and established 32 closed countries in the areas where the Tangut people lived. Tuoba Chi, the leader of Tuoba nationality, also took a new surname: Li. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the Tubo Empire rose and competed with the Tang Empire for the northwest, sandwiched between the Tang Empire and the Tubo people. Tangut people have a hard time. In order to isolate and sever the contact between Tangut people and Tubo people, the Tang Empire put forward the suggestion of letting them migrate. The Tangut people accepted the advice of the Tang Empire and moved from Qinghai to Yinzhou and Suizhou. At that time, it was customary to divide the Tangut into Dongshan Tangut and Xia Tangut. Tuoba's family from Xia Ping's Tangut gradually became the leader of the Tangut. After Tuoba Chi resigned from the Tang Dynasty, he was named the prefect of Xirong by the Tang Empire. During the Anshi Rebellion, Tuoba, the leader of Tuoba Department, remained silent because of rebellion and served as the secretariat of Rongzhou. During the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, Tuoba leader Tuoba Sigong also actively sent troops. He is the Li Tang dynasty. After the peasant uprising was put down, Li Sigong was promoted to our time, was named Xia Gong, and was named a refugee army, ruling Xia, Sui, Yin and You. Li Xia became a buffer force in the late Tang Dynasty. During Li's arrival in Qing Dynasty, he adopted the strategy of "knocking down the city wall and everyone pushing it" to preserve his already weak strength. Whether Zhu Wen or Shatuo entered the Central Plains in 1970s, the Tangut maintained a subordinate position. For the territory of Xixia, other governors don't want it, but there are too many opponents and they don't regard the Tangut as an important opponent. On the contrary, everyone thinks that the Tangut is obedient. It would be nice to have more helpers and younger brothers in the war. In this troubled times, when the power of # grows slowly. In 933, Li Renfu, commander-in-chief of Dingnan Army, died. In the later Tang Dynasty, Ming Taizu and Li Siyuan wanted to take advantage of the instability of Li Yichao, the new commander-in-chief of the Confederate Army, to come to Naman.

In 949 AD, the Tangut helped the Shatuo people to deal with the Khitans. Yin Di and Liu Cheng of the Later Han Dynasty presented Jingbian to the Tangut with a stroke of a pen. The Tangut people gained weight and their territory expanded to five countries. After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Tangut people, as the younger brothers of the Northern Song Dynasty, were still very active, serving them and participating in the war to pacify the Northern Han Dynasty. Just as the life of the Tangut people is getting better and better, it is a disaster. 1980, Li Jijun, commander-in-chief of the refugee army in the five years of Taiping Xingguo, died of illness. His son was young, and his brother Li Jipeng served as the hereditary commander-in-chief of the refugee army, which triggered the rebellion of China people, Li and Li, causing chaos. Li Ji supports her strong uncle and brother at home. In a fit of pique, you can. I can't want what I can. I don't understand. In 982 AD, Li Jipeng ran to Kaifeng House and took the initiative to say to Song Taizong, Lao Zhao, I will give you everything in Zhou Xia, and I will stay in Kaifeng for a long time. You can have three meals, meat and wine. Zhao Guangyi Tao Tao pricked up her ears and was ecstatic to make sure she didn't hear the teacher wrong. The Zhao brothers in Dingzhou dreamed of it, but the main enemy of the Northern Song Dynasty was the Khitans in the north. If we use force against the Tangut in advance, it will only push the Tangut into the Khitan camp. The Li Siyuan case, which failed to be forcibly demolished by the United States, is still lingering in Zhao Guangyi, but now the Tangut has voluntarily surrendered its territory. This kind of thing only happens once when Zhao Guangyi circles the earth three times. Peng was appointed as the nominal ambassador of the German army, while Cao was appointed as the army of the governor of five southern states in Ruzhou and handed over the work. Without Li, there would be no Xixia kingdom in history, and perhaps the Tangut people would soon be integrated into the arms of the Han people in the Central Plains. He was not sad about selling, but Li refused. Li was born in the Tangut aristocratic family, and his great-grandfather Li Sizhong was the cousin of the Tangut Li Sigong. He was the first secretariat and the secretariat of Youzhou. His father Li was appointed as the national defense ambassador of Yinzhou. At the age of eleven, Li became the commander-in-chief of the army, and everyone knew that he had fallen. Disappointingly, Li's brother was only 19 years old when he was married to Yin and Xia. Li Dongyang and Qian Ji could not bear that the Tangut people succumbed to the Northern Song Dynasty, thus losing the five states of Yin Xia where the Tangut lived for a hundred years. But he also knew that under the condition that Li Jipeng, the big boss, had surrendered, he could completely resist the Song people on his own. He lied to his nurse. After Xiahou's death, he wanted to be buried in the suburbs, so he took dozens of cavalry and fled to Kanazawa, three hundred miles northeast of Zhou Xia. He raised the flag and called on the Tangut to defend their homeland. The first few days were very difficult. In the face of the powerful army of the Northern Song Dynasty, Li repeatedly fought and lost. However, Li's encouragement inspired the Tangut. At that time, the ministries revolted and United with Li. At that time, it was impossible for the Northern Song Dynasty to quell the influence of Lee and the United States, so it came up with a way to control foreigners by barbarians. The man who lived a leisurely life in Kaifeng was appointed as the secretariat, and a formidable army was appointed as our envoy to suppress Li. Li Jipeng is really a bear bag with no ability. When I arrived, I made a report to Kaifeng House casually, saying that I had agreed to surrender to Li. Great joy, Li was appointed as the secretariat of Yinzhou. Based on this, Li surrendered to Cao. Cao thought that the imperial rank had been sealed, but Li's surrender was quite reliable, and he surrendered with only a few hundred riders. He was ambushed by Li and died. Those who lost their leaders and backbones, Yinzhou was conquered. At this time, it was the second year of Yongxi, and the vision and energy of the Northern Song Empire were mainly concentrated on sixteen states of Youyun and Liao people. Yongxi three years, Famo.

In the second year of Daoguang, four million mangoku millet shipped to Lingzhou was robbed by Li. Angry from embarrassment, he sent five armies to surround Li. Out, out of Qingzhou, out of Yanzhou, out of Linzhou, out of the king, after sowing, Li began to move, move and avoid, and play hide-and-seek with Song Jun. Only Wang Chao and the Fifth Route Army Fan encountered small forces, and others failed. Li decided to fight a protracted war with the Song people and spent all his time seeing who had enough energy and high morale. Zhao Guangyi was full of energy, but after his death, his son Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng lost interest in playing cat and mouse with the Tangut Qiang people. In the third year of Daoguang, Li made a ceasefire agreement with Li Dacheng on the condition that Li surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty and was appointed as the commander in chief of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Song people returned the occupied four states of Xia, Yin, Sui and You to Li. After fifteen years of guerrilla warfare, Li finally led the Tangut people to recover their homes. Zhao Heng compromised. No, he did not bring the peace he wanted. After years of war, Li led an iron army with strong combat effectiveness. He wants more than just Yinzhou and Xiawuzhou. In the fourth year of Song Xianping, Li Ji defeated the armed forces of Dingzhou, Yongzhou and Qingyuan in Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Song Xianping, troops captured Lingzhou, which belonged to the Northern Song Dynasty, and garrison commander Peiji was trapped and died. After occupying Lingzhou, the Tangut Army finally entered Hexi area. Hexi region refers to the counties west of the Yellow River: Xingzhou, Dingzhou, Huaizhou, Yongzhou, Liangzhou, Ganzhou and Suzhou. At that time, Hexi region was occupied by Tibetan, Uygur and other minority regimes, all of which belonged to the Northern Song Dynasty. Hexi region is not only the only place where the Silk Road passes, but also the base of the war horse of the Central Plains dynasty. Especially after the loss of sixteen states of Youyun in the Northern Song Dynasty, horses were the most dependent in Hexi area. For the Tangut people, controlling Hexi area not only directly cut off the horse transportation in the Northern Song Dynasty, but also gained huge materials and grain depots. Militarily, when the Tangut people occupied Hexi area, they had equal capital with the Song and Liao people. They can unite with Liao, attack the Northern Song Dynasty on both sides in the northwest, or jointly attack Liao with the Northern Song Dynasty. Hexi region is very important to the Northern Song Dynasty and the Tangut people, but only the Tangut people have the determination to win. The road to Hexi was not smooth, and Li stopped him from marching into Hexi. In 1003, Li attacked Liangzhou, which was the first animal husbandry in the world at that time and diverted from east to west. Later, Li was caught off guard by the fake surrender of Tubo Liugu Department. While reviewing the troops, he was shot in the left eye by an arrow from Luozhi Pan. He fled back to Lingzhou and died in the first month of the following year, ending his legendary life. His sons Li Mingde and Sun Li Yuanhao continued to carry out Li Mei's strategy, strengthened their control and struggle over Hexi, and obviously surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty. Unfortunately, the Northern Song Dynasty Empire was not fully aware of the crisis in Hexi region. Regarding the gradual erosion of Hexi area by the Tangut people, the attitude of spanking is anodyne. On the surface, it supports the various departments in Hexi to fight against summer, but it does nothing for itself. It wants to sit quietly and take advantage of the fisherman. Especially in the era of Song Renzong, because there was no large-scale war with Liao people and Tangut people, the demand for military horses in the Northern Song Dynasty gradually declined, and it was no longer possible to pay tribute to Hexi Zhurong. People in the Northern Song Dynasty felt that there was no war in the world, and horses in Hexi were not that important.

After nearly 30 years of management by Li and Li Deming, Xixia finally occupied Hexi area, laid the cornerstone of Xixia and changed the political and military pattern among Song, Liao and Xia. The fate of the characters in the war went to Li Yuanhao: Li Yuanhao didn't. I don't like being called Li Yuanhao or Zhao Yuanhao. He has been looking forward to the day when there is no such name. He also hates that he always wears Hanfu and uses Chinese characters. At 1038, Li Yuanhao was finally proud. He gave himself a name, my ancestor, a new hairstyle, and asked his subjects to follow suit, leaving no hair, while creating his own Xixi language. At this time, Li Yuanhao, I don't need to see anyone. This face. That year, Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor and established Xia Guo. Its territory extends to the Yellow River in the east, Yumen in the west, Xiaoguan in the south and the desert in the north, and governs sixteen states. He didn't even ask the Northern Song government if it was willing to establish diplomatic relations with this emerging country. During the three years from 1040 to 1042, Li Yuanhao visited his old club in the Northern Song Dynasty three times, in Yanzhou, Haoshuichuan and Dingchuan villages respectively. People in the Northern Song Dynasty finally realized that the preciousness of war horses was really indispensable. Finally, it is simple to solve the problem between Song and Xia. There are precedents in the Northern Song Dynasty and Liao State. The Song Dynasty bought peace with money. The specific content is that the Northern Song brothers give Xixia people cloth10.3 million, silver 52,000 and tea 20,000 Jin every year. Every year on Zhao Zhen's birthday in Song Renzong, Xixia people will blow out candles to celebrate Lao Zhao's birthday, and Lao Zhao will send a red envelope of 12,000 silver, plus 10,000 silks and satins and 5,000 kilograms of tea. On New Year's Day every year, Xixia people come to eat Yuanxiao with Lao Zhao and give them 5,200 pieces of silver, plus 5,000 silks and 5,000 kilograms of tea. Every winter solstice, Xixia people come to accompany Lao Zhao to eat mutton hot pot, giving 5200 taels of silver as travel expenses, 5000 pieces of silk, 2200 taels of red envelopes for Yuan Hao as birthday gifts, and 1000 exquisite clothes and 2000 pieces of miscellaneous silk. What Xixia people need to do is to recall the emperor, change his country name from Li Yuanhao to Xia Wang, and call Song Renzong his father. Seeing the generosity of the people in the Northern Song Dynasty, michelplatini of Li Yuanhao did not agree. War conjecture: In recent years, there has been an upsurge of poverty and weakness in the history circle, saying that the Song Dynasty was not weak, and even called it an iron and blood power. Unfortunately, without the chauvinism complex of the Han nationality, we should not use a few pages of real historical materials to understand the military strength of the Song Dynasty. If the fall of sixteen states in Youyun is a congenital defect, it would be foolish for Xixia people to annex Hexi region the day after tomorrow. Some financial experts have calculated such an account for the Song Dynasty, saying that it is a very cost-effective thing for the Northern Song Dynasty to exchange money for peace with Liao and Xixia, because if it goes to war with Liao and Xixia, the annual military expenditure far exceeds the protection fee paid to Liao and Xixia, which is beneficial to the Northern Song Dynasty. But I don't-I don't know how this account was calculated when the Jin people invaded. When the Northern Song Dynasty, which has a million-strong army, keeps exchanging money for peace every year, we can assert that this is a national system problem, but also a national spirit problem.