Zhang Zhizhong, a famous patriotic general Zhang Zhizhong (1890 ~ 1969), was originally named Ben Yao. Hongjiatuan, Huang Lu Town, Chaoxian County, Anhui Province (now Juchao District, Chaohu City). Huangpu is the backbone general and the former second-class general of the Kuomintang army. One of the revolutionary committees of the Chinese Kuomintang. After the Revolution of 1911, he joined the student army in Shanghai. 19 16 graduated from the 3rd Infantry Division of Baoding Army College. After 1924, he served as the student captain and head of the officer corps of Huangpu Military Academy. /kloc-participated in the northern expedition in 0/926. After 1928, he served as the director of education of the Central Military Academy of the National Government, the commander of the Fifth Army of the National Government, the commander-in-chief of the Fourth Route Army and the commander-in-chief of the Ninth Army, and participated in the Sino-Japanese Battle of Shanghai and Shanghai. 1937165438+1October, as chairman of Hunan province. From 65438 to 0945, he was transferred to the position of Minister of Political Department of the Kuomintang Military Commission and Secretary of the Youth League of the Three People's Principles. Before and after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he was appointed as the northwest directory of the Kuomintang 12, Zhang Zhizhong's profile 23, Zhang Zhizhong's narrative of Hunan Province 34, Zhang Zhizhong's profile 12, Zhang Zhizhong's narrative of Hunan Province 34, sorting out important experiences 2. Zhang Zhizhong's profile of "General Peace" and Zhang Zhizhong's birth were poor. When he was young, influenced by the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen, he joined the army. He supported Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles and the three major policies of "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party and helping the peasants and workers" and held many important military positions. He is a patriotic general with political foresight and a sense of justice. Zhang Zhizhong has a high degree of patriotic enthusiasm and a strong sense of responsibility for the country and the nation. Like many patriots, he joined the army with the purpose of saving the country and the people in his early years. He has always believed that it is the duty of soldiers to defend the country. Whenever the nation faces a critical moment of life and death, he always stands up and shoulders his own responsibilities. 1932, served as the commander of the fifth army during the Sino-Japanese War in Songhu. Despite the obstruction of the Kuomintang ruling clique, he resolutely went to the front and fought side by side with the 19th Route Army, leaving a suicide note and determined to die for his country. During the eight-year war of resistance, he persisted in the war of resistance to the end until the final victory. Especially commendable is that Zhang Zhizhong has never participated in all previous anti-communist civil wars launched by the Kuomintang ruling clique, and he is a senior Kuomintang general who has never fought with * * *. Zhang Zhizhong is a far-sighted politician who can conform to the historical trend and keep pace with the times. He and China have always maintained friendly relations. As early as the Great Revolution, he established friendship with Hui people. In the struggle between the students in Huangpu Military Academy, he sympathized with * * * and was once hit by the Kuomintang Rightists. Since then, even in the anti-communist climax of the Kuomintang, he has not gone with the flow and changed his attitude. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he went through the same period as Zhou Enlai, and his understanding of * * * was further deepened. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he advocated the peaceful founding of the country and actively promoted the negotiations between the Kuomintang and Chongqing. 1945, entrusted, Zhang Zhizhong went to Xinjiang and successfully rescued more than 100 * * cadres who had been imprisoned by Sheng for many years, enabling them to return to Yan 'an safely and preserving a number of important backbone forces for * * *. 1949, Zhang Zhizhong, as the head of the Kuomintang government delegation, went to Beiping for peace talks with representatives of * * * *. When the agreement reached between the two sides was rejected by the Kuomintang authorities, he was completely disappointed with the Kuomintang, accepted Zhou Enlai's plea to stay in Peiping, announced that he would draw a line with the Kuomintang die-hards, and started a new life. Zhang Zhizhong attended the first China People's Political Consultative Conference and founding ceremony, and witnessed the birth of his long-awaited new China. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he held an important leadership position and actively participated in the political life of the country. He has always attached great importance to the great cause of the reunification of the motherland, personally presided over the work of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee to promote the reunification of the motherland, and made great efforts for the return of Taiwan Province Province to the motherland. 1On April 6th, 969, Zhang Zhizhong died in Beijing due to illness, completing his life. Editor's Note: Master Zhang Zhizhong narrates Zhang Zhizhong (left) and Feng Yuxiang. 1937 After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War on the Songhu Front, Zhang Zhizhong, a patriotic general of the Kuomintang and commander-in-chief of the Ninth Army, succeeded He Jian as chairman of Hunan Province. From this year1October 20th (1 1939) to February this year (1939), in any one year and two months, he cooperated with the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, which promoted the rapid development of Hunan's anti-Japanese and national salvation movement and laid the foundation for the victory of the frontal war of resistance. The person in charge of Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China called it the "golden age" of cooperation between Hunan and Kuomintang. First, "provincial training" and policy proposal: When Zhang Zhizhong came to Hunan, Hunan had formed an anti-Japanese national United front, and the national struggle against Japanese aggression and national salvation in the province was on the rise. However, the Kuomintang die-hards have been creating friction, patriotic political prisoners have not been released, the anti-Japanese national salvation movement still has resistance, the wounded soldiers, refugees, military and political issues have become intractable, and the old corrupt bureaucrats have become a habit. The only person who dared to remonstrate with Chiang Kai-shek many times in Mao Zedong directly remonstrated with Chiang Kai-shek. General Zhang Zhizhong is a unique figure in Kuomintang politics. He has been in a high position in the Kuomintang for a long time, but he has always kept his promise and never fired a shot. Mao Zedong praised him for "doing good deeds and many good deeds". Zhang Zhizhong is a sincere advocate of the Three People's Principles and a man who dares to speak out. He has repeatedly made unpleasant remarks to Chiang Kai-shek in the form of oral or written opinions. But even so, until 1949, Jiang has been very kind to him. After the founding of New China, he directly remonstrated with Mao Zedong four times, becoming the only one who dared to remonstrate with Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek many times. During his 25 years with Chiang Kai-shek, Zhang Zhizhong hated the phenomenon that "many people were busy, but they were poisoned by preserving their sanity, and only wanted to keep their jobs and not seek promotion". He put forward opinions on political, military and economic issues many times, and even had an argument with Chiang Kai-shek. Zhang Zhizhong also wrote to Chiang Kai-shek many times, stating his opinions, including three times. On March 2nd, 194 1 year, Zhang Zhizhong wrote thousands of letters to Chiang Kai-shek about the influence of the "Southern Anhui Incident", complaining that he had mishandled the CCP issue and urging the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to cooperate and fight against Japan together. The second time was 1945 1 1. In view of Chiang Kai-shek's active preparations for civil war, Zhang Zhizhong sent thousands of letters to Chiang Kai-shek from Xinjiang, advocating a political solution to the CCP issue and opposing the resumption of civil war. The third time was in the summer of 1948. On the eve of the strategic decisive battle in the War of Liberation, Zhang Zhizhong had seen that the Chiang family dynasty was bound to fail. But out of loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek, knowing that he couldn't do it, he made a final suggestion and presented Chiang with a book "Review and Suggestions on the Current Situation" again. In the book Review and Suggestions on the Current Country, Zhang Zhizhong risked losing his official position or even his head, severely criticized the conservative policies of the Kuomintang since he came to power, and blamed it on the improper leadership and arbitrariness of the "leader" himself, pointing out that the statements and instructions issued by the "president" to the people and cadres in recent years were "mostly abstract preaching, and rarely involved specific practical policies". When Chiang Kai-shek was in power in the mainland, he monopolized the power and valued the small power. The scope of Chiang Kai-shek's part-time job is staggering. At the peak, Chiang Kai-shek held 27 important positions! Except for the position of commander-in-chief of the three armed forces, he has always firmly grasped it and belongs to himself. He wants to be the chairman of the Central Farmers Bank, the chairman of the New Life Movement Committee, and even the commander-in-chief of the Boy Scouts ... Jiang's civil and military officials almost turned a blind eye to this, and some even applauded. In Liu Jixing's research, it is found that there is only one person who resolutely opposes Chiang Kai-shek's part-time job, and that person is Zhang Zhizhong. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Zhizhong was appointed as the first director of Chiang Kai-shek's retinue room. He tried every means to urge Jiang to reduce his part-time job in order to improve his work efficiency. Shortly after Zhang Zhizhong took office, Wang Zuxu, the former chairman of Sichuan provincial government, stepped down because of many misdeeds. Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to fill the vacuum by himself, and Zhang United many people against it on the grounds of the disadvantages of part-time jobs. Jiang refused to listen, boasting, "No one can be appointed." Zhang said with a smile, "You have many generals and dignitaries as their agents. Why worry about no one? " Jiang was originally opinionated, but after two visits to Chengdu (the seat of the provincial government), he learned the means of local forces. They are all xenophobic and difficult to get along with. Chiang Kai-shek resigned as chairman of Sichuan Province and was handed over to Zhang Qun, an important counselor. After the opening of the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway, it is necessary to set up the Transportation Management Bureau under the Military Committee of the National Government to manage it. Chiang Kai-shek approved the word "self-employed" when seeking the director candidate on the organization's signature. Zhang Zhizhong thought that the supreme commander and director of the Transportation Management Bureau were too outrageous, so he signed an opinion: "Please be the chief of staff." Zhang Zhizhong bluntly said to him, "You don't want to do it at the same time, Chairman, do it yourself. This is not a system. Please take the trouble to share the worries for the leaders. " He Qinying was speechless and forced to agree. In this way, Chiang Kai-shek finally lost another part-time job. 1April, 949, Zhang Zhizhong served as the chief representative of the peace negotiation delegation of the Kuomintang government and went to Beiping to negotiate with the representative of China. The two sides agreed on article 8, paragraph 24, of the Internal Peace Agreement. After this agreement was rejected by the Kuomintang government, Zhang Zhizhong turned his back on the dark and decided to stay in Peiping, and made a statement on the current situation. In September of the same year, he was invited to attend the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference to contribute to the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as the vice chairman of Northwest Military and Political Committee, NPC Standing Committee, People's Republic of China (PRC) National Defense Commission, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Committee and Central Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee. Mao Zedong directly remonstrated with Zhang Zhizhong and Mao Zedong, and Zhang Zhizhong remonstrated with Mao Zedong. This country name has been in use ever since. 1June, 949, Mao Zedong invited people from all walks of life to discuss, brew and discuss the country name, and Zhang Zhizhong was also invited to participate. Mao Zedong asked the staff to submit the opinions of experts at the preparatory meeting to you and listen to their opinions. Finally, Mao Zedong proposed that the Central Committee propose "People's Democratic Republic". At that time, Zhang Zhizhong expressed different opinions. He said: the word "Republic" itself contains the meaning of "democracy". Why should it be repeated? Why not just call it "People's Republic of China (PRC)"? Mao Zedong thinks this is reasonable. After repeated discussions, the name of the country that is still in use today was finally decided. Zhang Zhizhong remonstrated with Mao Zedong, and the national flag is still in use today. August in Beijing 1949 is the peak season. In order to be able to raise the first National Flag of the People's Republic of China in founding ceremony on June 10, the selection of the national flag pattern is intense in this hot season. Experts attending the flag review team of the preparatory meeting of the China People's Political Consultative Conference selected three design schemes from more than 2,000 design schemes collected nationwide, which were finally jointly selected by Mao Zedong and people from all walks of life. Before the symposium on the national flag began, Zhang Zhizhong came to Mao Zedong's residence. After chatting, he tentatively asked Mao Zedong, "Now everyone is talking about the national flag pattern. What do you think? " Mao Zedong said, "I agree with one star and one Yellow River. What do you think? " Zhang Zhizhong protested bluntly: "I object. A bar in the middle, splitting the red flag in half, does not split the country? " Mao Zedong said, "What you said is a serious problem. But there are also many people who advocate adopting this picture and cite many reasons. Well, I need to talk to some people. You can come. " Before the opening of the first session of CPPCC, a symposium was held in Zhongnanhai. Mao Zedong holds two designs: one is five-star plus horizontal bar; One is the five-star red flag now, with only sickles and axes. The explanation of the above picture is: the red flag symbolizes the revolution, the five stars represent * * *, and the horizontal bar represents the Yellow River. Zhang Zhizhong immediately disagreed, saying: "First, the thick stick has never represented a river, and the middle bar is easily considered to split the country and split the revolution; Second, in the traditional concept of China people, the thick stick is a golden hoop. Why put a golden hoop on the national flag? It is better to use this five-star red flag. " Zhang Zhizhong's words got the approval of most people, and Mao Zedong also felt reasonable, so he expressed his preference for Zhang Zhizhong's opinion. The national flag review team unanimously decided that the five-star red flag is the national flag, which has been flying to this day. Zhang Zhizhong warned Mao Zedong three times that the inspection system of deputies to the National People's Congress is still in use today. 1954 In September, before the opening of the First National People's Congress, Zhang Zhizhong learned that Mao Zedong was not prepared to speak, so he suggested that Mao Zedong speak through Zhou Enlai and Peng Zhen. Later, Zhou and Peng told Zhang that Chairman Mao still refused to speak. So Zhang Zhizhong went directly to Mao Zedong: "This National People's Congress is the first real people's congress in the history of China. You are the chairman and you are the host of the opening ceremony. How can you not talk? But after this conversation, Mao Zedong still refused to speak. However, at the opening ceremony, Mao Zedong made a speech. These words are comprehensive and to the point. The summary of "China is the core force leading our cause, and Marxism-Leninism is the theoretical basis guiding our thinking" is incisive and powerful, which has become the basic guiding ideology of the country's political life and has been welcomed by the people all over the country. During the break, Mao Zedong smiled and said to Zhang Zhizhong, "You won. I wasn't going to speak at first, but because I was the host of the opening ceremony, I couldn't help saying a few words. Who knows that as soon as I picked up the pen and wrote more and more, it became a speech. " During the meeting, Zhang Zhizhong put forward a written proposal, that is, each NPC Standing Committee should send people to inspect every year to understand the local situation and listen to the opinions of the masses. This proposal was forwarded by Peng Zhen to Chairman Liu Shaoqi. Later, Mao Zedong also saw this, and advocated expanding the scope to NPC deputies, and then adding CPPCC members. For decades, this has become a traditional system. Zhang Zhizhong, the former residence of General Zhang Zhizhong, remonstrated with Mao Zedong four times, which made the Constitution more perfect. When discussing the draft constitution, Zhang Zhizhong thought that the words "except Taiwan Province Province" in Article 4 of the draft outline should be deleted, because the problem of Taiwan Province Province is temporary and the constitution is permanent, so there is no need to write it in the constitution. Mao Zedong is very much in favor of it, and everyone agrees to delete it. 1On April 6th, 969, Zhang Zhizhong died in Beijing at the age of 79. His life, as Zhou Enlai said: "This person is very complicated and simple; But one thing is certain: he is a patriot. "