Ejina Banner, located at the westernmost tip of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is one of the 19 border flags (counties and cities) supported by the autonomous region. The total area of this flag is 1 14600 square kilometers. The landform is mainly desert Gobi, and the alluvial plain with good living conditions accounts for about 20%. The whole banner governs 7 Sumu towns, 1 farm, 9 ethnic groups and 25,000 people (including non-active military personnel in 3 bases), including urban and rural residents10.6 million (Mongolians account for 29.8%). Ejina has a long history and culture, Dayu controlled water, Huo Guang defended the border, Hanwu set up a county, Xixia built a city, and Yuan Dynasty built roads. 1698, the Turku department of Mongolia returned to the motherland from the Volga river basin, and moved here in 173 1 year. Teqi was established in 1753, directly under the jurisdiction of Fan Yuan in Qing Dynasty and Mongolian and Tibetan Committee of the Republic of China. After liberation, there are important national defense scientific research experimental bases in China-Dongfeng Aerospace City and Air One and Air Two experimental bases. Ejina Banner is located in the ultra-arid desert area in the north temperate zone, with harsh climatic conditions and frequent disastrous weather such as sandstorms. The average annual precipitation is about 37 mm, but the evaporation is as high as 3700-4000 mm, which originates from the Heihe River in Qilian Mountain and forms an alluvial delta of 32000 square kilometers. Among them, the oasis area has decreased from 0.69 million square kilometers in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 0.33 million square kilometers at present, accounting for only 2.9% of the total area of the flag. The main forest and grass plants in the oasis are 440,000 mu of Populus euphratica and Elaeagnus angustifolia mixed forest, 0/.26 million mu of Tamarix forest and 2.78 million mu of Haloxylon ammodendron forest. Associated plants under the forest are Sophora alopecuroides, licorice, Achnatherum splendens, reeds and so on. , covering an area of about 6,543,800 mu. This natural oasis facing crisis is the only living condition that Ejina people can rely on.

In 200 1 year, the gross domestic product of the whole flag reached 654.38+68 million yuan, the fiscal revenue reached 16 1 10,000 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents and farmers and herdsmen reached 568 1 yuan and 283 1 yuan respectively. The per capita values of the above four main economic indicators rank 24th, 8th and 8th in the autonomous region.

Populus euphratica Shenshu

When we reached the bank of Ejina, we reached the kingdom of Populus euphratica. Here, trees are shaded, grazing houses are shaded by sheep, winding for hundreds of thousands of acres, full of vitality, and it has become a paradise in the desert.

Populus euphratica is an ancient and long-lived tree species. Its fossils were found in the Qianfodong formation in Kuqa, Xinjiang, China, and have been verified for about 65 million years. Some people say that "three thousand years of Populus euphratica" is immortal (you can live a thousand years, die a thousand years, but live a thousand years). Of course, it's exaggerated. Populus euphratica is everywhere here for a hundred years. The oldest is the "sacred tree", which has been more than 300 years. Surprisingly, this 300-year-old "King Populus euphratica" is flourishing, tall and green, full of fertility, and several generations around it are still smiling proudly and growing sturdily.

Populus euphratica grows in desert adversity and has unique biological characteristics. First, its heterophylly, Populus euphratica in cotyledons, young trees or adult trees in the base and shade zone, its leaves lanceolate, like willow; Branched leaves are widely oval, rhombic, heart-shaped and triangular, which are quite inconsistent. So the nickname of Populus euphratica is Populus heterophylla. Second, the flowering period and seed maturity of Populus euphratica are long. Every year from late April to late August, you can see white flocs flying all over the sky for more than 0/00 days in/kloc, which is unique among other tree species. Third, Populus euphratica has strong reproductive ability. Its natural propagation forms include root tillering, germination and seed dropping, among which root tillering is the most common. Under normal circumstances, a Hu Yangshu can take root and tiller an acre of forest, and this rooting ability can last for more than 100 years. The Populus euphratica forest here is the Populus euphratica forest with different roots.

In the eyes of desert people, Populus euphratica is a hero against sandstorms. It has a huge horizontal root system with an extension radius of 20-30 meters in the soil layer. Can withstand level 8.

The wind can't shake; If buried in sand, adventitious buds can grow on the main branches and a large number of roots can grow and continue to grow. Populus euphratica is a salt-tolerant warrior-the whole body can store salt and the leaves are the tallest. It is estimated that 7- 15 kg of salt will return to the ground from the fallen leaves every year in an acre of ordinary Populus euphratica forest land. Populus euphratica is the highest in cold and summer-it can still grow normally in habitats with extreme low temperature of -42.3℃ (northern Xinjiang) and extreme high temperature of 49.6℃ (southern Xinjiang). Populus euphratica is an athlete who is not afraid of flooding-it has been soaked for 150 days in a place that has been waterlogged all the year round, but it is not afraid of color and grows well.

Populus euphratica in Alashan, Inner Mongolia, has won the piety and curiosity of tourists with its ancient and primitive legacy, the majestic posture of the dragon plate, the changeable leaf shape, the pride in sand and salt, and the strange and diverse breeding methods.

Populus euphratica forest is the main body of Juyan oasis and the basic condition of ecology. It can be said that there is no oasis without Populus euphratica forest; Without oasis, there would be no human beings living and developing in this desert soil with "geothermal, sandy and cold winter". Populus euphratica forest is closely related to life here, and Populus euphratica is cherished by people.

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Bairin Right Banner, Ordos City, Aru Horqin Banner, yuanbaoshan district

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| Qingshan District, Onniute Banner, Hure Banner, Alashan Right Banner

Donghe District, Hexigten Banner, linxi county City, Hohhot

Haibowan District, Alashan Zuo Qi and Kundulun District, Linger County.

Wuchuan County, Otog Banner, Aohan Banner, Ejina Banner

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