Bypassing Zhaobi, heading north along Shinto, and passing through the rough stone bridge and Baiqing stone bridge, another large architectural archway in Lin Yuan comes into view. Different from the traditional wood and stone structure, the archway in Lin Yuan is made of reinforced lime, which is extremely rare in the architectural history of China Mausoleum. At that time, in order to build this mausoleum, the Beiyang government specially imported a lot of cement from Japan to whitewash the peace. Today, this towering archway with six columns and five floors stands in the center of Shinto. At the top of each of its pillars, there is a beast with a big mouth and looking up at the sky, which adds a bit of mystery, majesty and strength to the building.
On both sides of the archway, marble columns and stone statues are far opposite. The watchtower is the symbol of the Yuan Mausoleum, which is 10 feet high and stands on the pedestal. The pillar has six sides and is covered with decorative patterns. The pattern on it is called "Zhang", because there are twelve kinds in all, so it is called "Twelve Chapters". The Twelve Chapters pattern is a traditional imperial pattern in China. It is centered on the tortoise and surrounded by different patterns such as the sun, moon, stars and dragons. Carved by the skillful hands of stonemasons, it has formed a rare relief masterpiece.
The civil and military Weng Zhong on both sides of Shinto can best reflect the characteristics of the Lin Yuan era. They are life-size, slightly fat, and they are completely the costumes of Yuan Shikai during his administration. The civil servant has a flat crown on his head, wears a big dress to worship the sky, stands with his hands folded, and looks respectful; The military attache, dressed in Beiyang military uniform, with a belt around his waist and a saber in his hand, stood majestically and guarded Lin Yuan together. This article is a martial arts article with distinctive characteristics of the times, which not only reflects people's aesthetic concept at that time, but also fully embodies the etiquette style of Yuan Shikai's period.
Monument Pavilion is one of the most important buildings in Lin Yuan. It is three rooms wide, and there is a huge stone carving in the pavilion, which is called Slim. Legend has it that the dragon gave birth to nine sons, each with his own interests. One of them likes to carry a load, so people arrange for him to carry a monument. On this 5.5-meter-high tombstone, several dragons were carved and soared in the clouds, showing the unusual identity of the tomb owner. On the front of the tombstone, there are nine powerful Chinese characters "Tomb of yuangong Shikai, the Great President", which were inscribed by Yuan Shikai's good friend Xu Shichang.
Turning the pavilion, I came to the front of the hall. Courtyard is the most important place to hold sacrificial activities in Lin Yuan. The gate of the main hall is a building on the top of a hill with a single eaves, covered with green glazed tiles and three rooms wide. There are seven rows of horizontal and vertical copper doornails on each door panel at the entrance of the hall. It not only plays a role in decorating the facade, but also embodies a strict hierarchy, indicating that its owner is a powerful person with less than one person and more than ten thousand people, although it is one level lower than the emperor in the Forbidden City.
After passing the gate, he entered the yard. Siheyuan is a group of quadrangle-style buildings, which consists of Jingrentang and East and West Annex halls. Jingrentang is in the middle, where Yuan Shikai was sacrificed. There is an altar, a coffin and Yuan Shikai's sword belt. As a rest place for other senior officials, the East-West Annex Hall is relatively simple in furnishings. In the Shinto center in the hospital, a bronze tripod furnace with wind mill was originally displayed, but it was lost before liberation, leaving only a white marble base.
Through the courtyard, it is the tomb of Yuan Shikai. When I came here, my eyes suddenly opened up. Very different from the previous scene, very European. Roman-style columns, iron gates made of mud and iron, and tombs made of bluestone are in sharp contrast with the buildings in front. The iron gate in front of the tomb is shaped like a "mountain", made of mud iron and embedded between the white stone pillars of the west colonnade. There is an octagonal badge at the top of the iron gate, and the center of the badge is still twelve chapters, which repeatedly emphasizes the unique identity of the tomb owner. The tomb is round, rising three steps, surrounded by twelve stone lions, showing a majestic trend.
So, how was Yuan Shikai's tomb built? According to records, it started from the ground, just like we usually build a house, laying the foundation first and then building a tomb. The tomb is divided into left and right parts. The left tomb was used to bury Yuan Shikai, and the right tomb was reserved for his original wife. For the purpose of protection, a layer of reinforced concrete with a thickness of more than one meter is added outside the brick tomb as an outer frame, so it is very strong. It is said that the whole cemetery was surrounded by Chenzhai, and the canal outside the village was filled with water and surrounded; The pine, cypress, plum and locust trees in the village cover the sun, and the flat and open area is really a blessed land.
Mao Zedong visited Lin Yuan. After that interesting visit, he instructed to protect Lin Yuan as a negative example to educate future generations. In a blink of an eye, China has taken on a new look, and the People's Museum has been built on the wasteland of the past, becoming a temple of knowledge. In the decorated house, the civilization of the Yin and Shang Dynasties is displayed, and the ups and downs of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China are displayed, recording the ups and downs of today. Friends from all corners of the country came here to listen to the history of the nation's death, experience bitter humiliation and recall brilliant glory. Looking back on the past and looking forward to tomorrow, patriotism and national pride arise spontaneously. After careful aftertaste and excitement, you can also enjoy quiet, comfortable and elegant happiness. Lin Yuan, the former president's cemetery, also glows with new brilliance, reflecting the industriousness, kindness and self-improvement of Chinese sons and daughters.