Yuan Jie is a poet who "wants to help but tastes hard". He wrote many times, accused court officials, stated the sufferings of people's livelihood, and put forward the idea of "saving the world and persuading Shu Ren". In literature, he opposed the lewd poetic style of "suppressing sound and disease, and rejoicing in shape" (preface to the collection in the basket) It is required that poetry can be "the most imperial way to control chaos and the stream of ancient people's irony" (Erfeng Poetry Theory) in order to achieve the political goal of "descending from feeling" (Yuefu Preface). This is the forerunner of Bai Juyi's realistic poetry theory.
Jie Yuan put his thoughts into practice in his poetry creation. His Poem of Cherishing the Wilderness was written in Tianbao five years, and Twelve Poems of Yuefu was written in Tianbao ten years, which was a new Yuefu poem in the early Tang Dynasty. Poem of Cherishing the Wilderness is a folk song in the Sui Dynasty. When the poet saw the flood in Huaiyin, he recorded it on the pretext of "complaining about the time" and condemned the emperor's extravagance. There is a cloud in the poem: "If there is resentment before the song ends. I can't help but faint the heart of the king and feel this resentment. So I asked my wife to sing, and everyone was happy to carry spears. " Such angry and bold ideas were rare at that time. Another example is the "poor women's words" in his Yuefu Department:
Who knew that a poor husband had a wife at home? Please listen to him, will you not be sour? It is better to be pitied by the second child than by the deer at the foot of the mountain. Empty mind in front of the court, a career. Go out to see the mountains and get lost. When you see the Lord, kneel down and cry to him.
Wrote the miserable feelings of poor women under the oppression of feudal officials. Sorrow in Returning Home describes people's escape from their homes, and Complaint of Farmers describes farmers' crying in famine years, which also shows deep sympathy for the people.
Since the An Shi Rebellion, Yuan Jie's spirit of sympathizing with the people and criticizing reality has been further developed. In "Old Tour in Fishing Country", he wrote about the changes in his relationship with the people before and after he became an official with a painful and uneasy mood.
In Xiangxi a few years ago, everyone was forgetful. I was surprised to see you in Xiangxiang today. How can I be ashamed and proud of my heart and people? Different people should crown me.
He likes being close to the people and doesn't like being an official. Du Fu "doesn't like entering the state capital for fear that people will think I am real." Even when I returned to Mao Yu, I was never jealous. "The idea of" Holiday Garden Eliminating Diseases "is basically the same. In the second year of Guangde's reign, when he was the secretariat of Daozhou, he wrote "Tomb Raid" and "The Thief Returns to the Official", which are his representative works during this period. The Journey to Grave Robbery vividly describes the casualties and fatigue of Daozhou people after the war;
..... The national economy is chaotic, but people are really tired. There are no ten big countries, and one lives alone. The meal in the morning is grass roots, and the meal in the evening is wood skin. If you are angry, you will be slow. I can't bear to chase you, but the situation is a whip! ……
The poem condemns the harsh punishment of officials, and also shows his noble feelings that he would rather be guilty than force the people to betray their children. At the end of the poem, he said, "whoever adopts the national style, I will dedicate this word", which shows that he intends to plead for the people. A poem "Thieves Expose Officials" has a more painful meaning: ... When I started to be an official here, mountain thieves began to look up again. But this town is so small that thieves are spared, and the people here are so poor and pitiful. All other areas have been looted, not to mention this time. Don't you imperial envoys have the kindness of robbers? ? Today, he is a money collector, just like a creature frying on a fire. How can you sacrifice people's lives just to be called a capable collector? ? Oh, let me drop my official seal and be a lonely fisherman in a boat. And support the family with fish and wheat, and live in peace in the rivers and lakes.
He not only accused the imperial envoys who forced local officials to extort money by force, but also said that he would rather abandon his official than "kill people" to win the favor of the rulers. Therefore, Du Fu warmly praised his two poems in "The Homologous Mausoleum": "Daozhou is worried, and his words are magnificent. On the two chapters of the autumn moon, the word Huaxing. " Other poems, such as One Goddess of Mercy, Appreciating Meng Wuchang's Bitter Snow, and Wu Yuchang Zhi, are also full of the spirit of criticizing reality. His landscape poems, such as drunken songs on a rainy lake and Yi Nai Qu, are also simple and natural.
Most of Jie Yuan's poems are classical, lyrical and plain. After three years in Qianlong, he compiled a collection of laundry baskets, which included some realistic poems by Shen Qianyun and Meng Yunqing, all of which reflected his literary thoughts and had an impact on Bai Juyi's new Yuefu. But his poems are sometimes too simple and not vivid enough. He hardly writes metrical poems, and theoretically opposes "sound-limiting disease", which is too much.
Jie Yuan's essays on Beggars, Tigers and Evil Circle have a certain influence on Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's satirical essays, especially Ji, which is the forerunner of Liu Zongyuan's landscape.
(Yuan Jie, born in Ershan, Henan Province, is a little unruly, and has been studying at the age of 17. Go to the top and restore the system. Su Yuanming, secretary of the National Academy of Sciences, recommended and took this opportunity to summarize three articles. He ordered Jin Cao to join the army, took a picture of the imperial history, advised Shannan West Road, and moved to the imperial history line in order to steal merit. Generation after generation, he was awarded a job. For a long time, due to the secretariat of Daozhou, he gave up abel tamata for personal gain, avoided the corvee, and more than 10,000 people returned to exile. After finishing the case, I returned it to the capital. When he died at the age of fifty, he gave it to the assistant minister of rites. Ten volumes, two volumes of this poem. "All Tang Poems")