About the details of Sun Simiao, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
First, Sun Simiao's poems
Four-character poem
Second, the struggle between life and death.
In the year of Sun Simiao's death, The Biography of Sun Simiao in Old Tang Dynasty was called "Death in the First Year of Yongchun". "The Biography of Sun Simiao in the New Tang Dynasty" says "Wing Chun Chu, a single soldier". According to the year number of Tang Gaozong Yongchun, there are only two years, and the first year of Yongchun is 682 AD, which is the early year of Yongchun. The second book of Tang Dynasty does not contradict this, and scholars in ancient and modern times basically say it from now on.
Some people mentioned that Liu Su (Yuanhe,) said that Sun Shi's "Yonghui died early" in Datang Xinyu, and Shen Fen's "Continued Fairy Biography" in the southern Tang Dynasty even claimed that Sun Shi died on February 15, the second year of Yonghui (AD 652), so it was questioned.
In our opinion, although Sun Simiao explicitly mentioned the chronological record of his activities in his works such as "Preparing a Thousand Girls" and "Wings of a Thousand Girls", it was only in the second year of Yonghui (AD 650) that he regarded Yi Jian as a hero at the latest. Although there are many doubts and mistakes about Sun Chuan's account of Sun Shi's life in Two Books of Tang Dynasty, it can be proved that Sun Shi was summoned by Emperor Gaozong during the reign of Emperor Xianqing (AD 656-66 1 year), and there are similar records in Two Books of Tang Dynasty and Don Yao Hui. Sun Shi entered Jiucheng Palace and lived with him in Guangde Square. Especially those involving the early Tang emperors. According to the author's textual research on Notes on Twenty-two Histories, most of them were collected and made reference to the records of emperors in this period. Therefore, it is credible that Emperor Gaozong summoned the Muse in Qing Dynasty and Sun Shi died in Jiucheng Palace or even in the early spring.
For Sun Simiao's birth year, although most scholars at home and abroad say that it is 58 1 year, there are still different opinions, mainly including:
Born at 58 1.
Qing Ji Xiaolan's "Summary of Sikuquanshu" said: "The Hermit Biography in the Tang Dynasty called it a portrait of Sun Simiao, the secretariat, and Du called it a holy boy; And the dragon lives in seclusion in Taibai Mountain. Emperor Wendi assisted the imperial court, and he was recruited by Dr. Guo Zi. " Muse was born in Zhou Dynasty and stayed in Sui Dynasty for a long time. However, Lu's Preface to the Sick Pear Tree says that' Gui You was born in Chang 'an at the age of ninety-two, and was born in Chang 'an at the age of ninety-two', so he was born in the Sui Dynasty. According to the neighbor, he is a disciple of the Muse. Remember what his teacher said, and you won't make a mistake. However, according to Sui Shu, people found that the title of emperor lasted for 20 years, ending in the second year of Geng Shen and Xin You. Renshou has changed to Yuan Dynasty, which is inconsistent with the Book of Poetry. Tang Gaozong Xianheng rose from four years to 92 years, which was the second year of Emperor Wu's reign. That's not the heart, and the branches don't correspond. However, 93 years after Gui You's promotion, it was the first year of the first emperor's reign that he began to make an ugly face, covering his neighbors and spreading falsehood, taking ugliness as his heart and taking 93 as 92. History says that Si Miao died in the first year of Yongchun. He has been 100 years old, and naturally he was pushed to open the emperor's heart and ugliness in the first year. He was born the week after his age. He said that he lived in seclusion, which was a historical mistake. "
According to Ji Xiaolan, Sun Simiao was born in Xin Chou (AD 58 1) in the first year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty and died in Renwu (AD 682) in the first year of Yongchun, Tang Gaozong at the age of 10 1.
Born 560 years ago.
Feidedao's Brief History of China Medicine holds that two Tang Shu-sun said that Sun Shi lived in Taibai Mountain for royal reasons when Emperor Xuandi of the Zhou Dynasty and appointed Sun Shi as a national doctor when Emperor Wendi assisted the government, so he could not afford to get sick. It is inferred that Sun Simiao passed the age of weak crown at least in 578-579, so Sun Shi should have been born before 560 AD, and his age should be above 120. Shi He also advocated a similar theory.
Born in 557 ad
Sun Simiao was born in the first year of Xiao Min in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (54 1) and died in the first year of Yongchun at the age of 14 1. The main reasons are as follows: First, according to the Biography of Sun Simiao in the Old Tang Dynasty, when Sun Simiao proclaimed himself emperor in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in Taibai Mountain because of his royal family. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was appointed as a doctor in Guo Zi, but Sun Simiao said he could not be an official. According to the statement that Emperor Jiande of Zhou Dynasty was in the seventh year (578) and Emperor Jingdi was in the Zen position the following year, and Emperor Xiang was assisted by Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty in the second year (580), it is doubtful that Sun Simiao was born in Kaiyuan. Second, Wei Zhi is equal to Emperor Taizong's official visit to the history of Qi, Liang, Chen, Zhou and Sui, and he visited Sun Simiao many times, but he "dictated as if he had seen it with his own eyes". According to historians, for example, Yao Silian was born in 557 and Li Baiyao was born in 565. They are familiar with the history of the previous generation. Will they ask Sun Simiao who is ten or twenty years younger than themselves again and again? 3. The Biography of Sun Simiao in the Old Tang Dynasty says: "There are hundreds of immortals, and the things of Zhou and Qi are vivid, so they are not a hundred years old." According to historical records, Sun Simiao was born around 557 years ago, and most historical events in his biography can be explained. If he really died in the first year of Yongchun, then Sun Simiao's death date should be 120 years old. He has excellent medical skills and is good at maintenance, so it is possible to live a long life.
Born at 54 1.
Ma Boying and others hold this view. Their main viewpoints are: in the past, historians thought that the heart was really a mistake of Xin and Chou, and the statement that Sun Simiao's image was changed from "92 this year" to "93 this year" in The Preface to the Sick Pear Tree was not sufficient and reliable, and pointed out that the Record of General Manager of Luozhou was regarded as the Record of Northern History, Zhou Shu and No Dugu, while Taibai Mountain was denied to live in seclusion, be praised as a prodigy and be recruited by Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. Ma Boying and others think that Sun Shi's claim that "the heart was born in Kaiyuan" is an empty talk. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was born in the seventh year of Datong in Liang Dynasty (AD 54 1), which is exactly the same. The whole sentence can be understood as "I was born in the same year as Emperor Kaidi, that is, (AD 54 1). They think that with this inference, historical materials such as Dugu's belief in praising the "holy boy" (probably during his return to Chang 'an in 550-556), Emperor Wendi's courtship and negotiation can be explained. Ai Guo-Chun is also a master of the theory of 54 1 year. Accordingly, Sun Shi's age is 14 1 year.
Born on 5 15 or 5 18.
According to Huang Zhuzhai's Biography of the Medical Fairy Sun Zhenren, Du praised Sun Simiao as a "child prodigy", which should be that he was ordered to join Fu Yue (He August) in Datong, Guanzhong in six years (AD 534). At this time, Sun Simiao's age is weak, and it will be nineteen years. Therefore, Sun Shi's birth year should be the 14th year of Tian Liang (AD 5 15), the first year of Yongchun. Similar to this view is the book "Unification Hall" written by Qing Liu Song Yu. According to his calculation, Du's evaluation time was between the third year of Liang Datong (AD 537) and the fourth year of Datong (AD 538). At that time, Sun Shi was 20 years old. He was born in the first year to the second year of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Third, character evaluation.
Sun Simiao also summed up the diagnosis method of a good doctor: "Although the desire for bravery is great, the desire for heart is small, although the desire for intelligence is round, the behavior is square." . "Courage" is to be as confident and temperament as a soldier; "Small" means being as careful as walking on thin ice and landing on the edge of a cliff. "Zhiyuan" means that when things change, we must not stick to it and have the ability to defeat enemy planes first; "Hangfang" means not greedy for fame and fortune, but open-minded. "This is Sun Simiao's requirement for a good doctor. In fact, from the perspective of being a man, being a tolerant and responsible person may not violate this road. Sun Simiao is a first-class master of medical ethics in ancient and modern times, especially his attention to medical ethics, which is a much-told story for later doctors and practitioners. In his famous book Qian Jin Fang, he also put the medical ethics standard of "great doctors are sincere" in an extremely important position, making a special topic and focusing on it. And he himself is one of the representatives of moral cultivation, moral cultivation and both ability and political integrity, and has become a great medical figure respected by doctors and people in past dynasties. Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in Tang Dynasty, was honored as the king of medicine, but he did not use animals as medicine. He said: "Since ancient times, celebrities have treated diseases and used their lives to help the crisis. Although they are called cheap animals and noble people, they love humans and animals. "Bad for others, good for yourself, bad! Husbands kill for survival and go further for life. I don't need life as medicine on this shore, so it's good for me. " ("Be prepared for 1000 yuan")
Four. Major achievements
Sun Simiao, the drug king, created "Twenty-four firsts" for his contribution to TCM: 1. Qian Jinfang, a medical masterpiece, is the first encyclopedia of clinical medicine in the history of China, and is praised as "the treasure of mankind" by foreign scholars. 2. The first person to fully discuss medical ethics; 3. Advocate the establishment of the first person in gynecology and pediatrics; 4. The first leprosy expert; 5. The first person to invent the finger-specific acupoint selection method; 6. The first person to create a colorful "Three-person Map of Tang and Ming Dynasties"; 7. The first to promote beauty drugs to the people; 8. Initiating the "Ashi Cave"; 9. The first one to expand strange points and compile acupuncture prescriptions; 10. The first suggested compound therapy; 1 1. He was the first to put forward the external treatment of dental diseases with diversified drugs; 12. The first person who proposed to feed cattle with herbs and treat diseases with cow's milk; 13. The first one put forward "acupuncture can be used for both acupuncture and medicine" and "health moxibustion" for prevention; 14. The first person who systematically, comprehensively and specifically discussed the cultivation, collection and collection of drugs; 15. The first wild drug was introduced and successfully tested. 16. the first processing method for detoxification of rehmannia glutinosa and croton; 17. Treat the disease with placenta powder first; 18. Animal liver was first used to treat eye diseases, and it was rich in vitamin A 19 ... It was the first to treat beriberi, and it was the first to use Polygonum cuspidatum bark to cook soup and porridge to prevent beriberi and beriberi recurrence, which was 1000 years earlier than Europeans. Polygonum cuspidatum bark was rich in vitamin B1; 20. Arsenic (realgar, etc.) was first used to treat malaria. ), earlier than the British Fuller made of arsenic 1000 years; 2 1. first put forward the medical thought that "prevention is more important than cure"; 22. Treating goiter with lanolin (the thyroid gland of sheep) for the first time; 23. He is the first doctor in the history of our country to go deep into the people, learn from the masses and peers with an open mind, and collect calibration secrets; 24. The first inventor of catheterization.