It was a summer day in 1979, an overseas Chinese newspaper in new york. When I finished compiling a daily newspaper and prepared to go out for a walk to stretch my muscles, an Australian young scholar suddenly visited. I've never met before. I was a little surprised at first. Perhaps he saw that my expression was different, and he opened his Beijing film with a clever smile: Teacher Gong, I came all the way here mainly to talk to you about Mr. Zhou Zuoren. As far as I know, only you and Shen of the Central News Agency interviewed Mr. Zhou for trial in Nanjing. Not long ago, I met Mr Shen in Taipei. He said that you know the story better, so I came to America to see you.
Why do you care so much about Miss Zhou? I interrupted him and asked.
Because I study China literature, and my doctoral thesis is about Zhou Zuoren's prose. It's a pity that Miss Zhou has been dead for twelve years. Therefore, I want to tell many stories about his old man's house to everyone who knows him at all stages of his life. He said sincerely.
Why do scholars become traitors?
Hearing the young man's explanation, for a moment, I couldn't help falling into memories of the past. I remember it was late summer and early autumn of 1946, and I came back from an interview in Lingxia. As I majored in law in college, the newspaper specially assigned me to be in charge of the news interview of the traitor trial. At that time, there were few newspaper interview groups in Beijing and Shanghai, and rape news was not listed as a priority interview object. Therefore, except for the trials and executions of Zhou Fohai, Mei Siping and Cun, the others, such as Wang Yintai, Jiang, Zhou Zuoren and even Yin Rugeng, who is called a wily old fox, have drawn almost fictional stories. I recall the last experiment, and all the processes are always so dull and lifeless. Usually, the prosecutor in charge of the prosecution leaves the court after weakly announcing the same points of the prosecution. When the chief justice routinely questioned the defendant. S's name, age and circumstances of the crime. Most of the judges of the two juries were looking at other cases when they solved the case. Only the poor clerk sat there and wrote down all the cases.
In these low-key trials, only my brother Shen and I attended most of the press conferences on the eve of the collapse of the government in 1949. Soon, as the deputy director of the editorial department of the Central News Agency, Zong, who firmly grasped the power of the editorial department, was as busy as a bee at night, unable to attend the hearing from beginning to end during the day, and had to change his position in the court, so sometimes I was left alone in the press box. This may be the reason why Zong thinks I know Zhou better.
The human brain is so sensitive, thinking about these many things, in fact, it please wait a moment. On this day, I quickly turned around and asked the visiting doctoral students what they really wanted to know.
First of all, I want to ask you, is Mr. Zhou very elegant and graceful? He asked eagerly.
This is a very good question. After reading Zhou Zuoren's essays, such as Bao Chao, Yong Diary, Ice Lantern Talk, Essays on Bitter Tea and Books on Rainy Days, I will definitely have some understanding of the spirit and leisure expression of this bitter tea man.
In any case, Zhou Zuoren can be regarded as a famous literary theorist and prose master since the May 4th Movement, but Australians ask: How did such a scholar fall into the water and become a traitor despised by others?
This Australian, I can remember his name, because I lost his business card, and naturally I feel the same way. But there seems to be something wrong with whether our teacher is really elegant and serene on Tuesday.
I met Zhou Zuoren in Shi Jing. He was spotless and wore a summer gown. He shaved off his Japanese beard and put on a pair of rimless glasses, which was really bookish. But like his brother Lu Xun, he has black eyebrows and a pair of big noses protruding from his face. Anyway, in Jiangnan, his face is not like a scholar, with thin eyebrows and thin body! Of course, in court, his speaking out of turn, decent behavior, indeed than Zhou Fohai's frivolous, Ding Mo village's cautious, but really want to say that he is elegant, can only be found in his early prose or new poetry.
But in any case, Zhou is a famous literary theorist and essayist since the May 4th Movement, but Australians ask: How can such a scholar and elegant gentleman fall when he is down and become a traitor despised by others?
The Life Experience of Ku Zhai Zhu's Self-mutilation
I didn't give him a satisfactory answer that day, and I really couldn't help it. I can only give a general answer: first, Zhou studied in Japan in his early years and married a Japanese wife, which inevitably made him interested in Japanese people and Japanese customs. Second, in the early days of the July 7th Anti-Japanese War, Zhou said that he went south from Beiping because of family fatigue. After being ordered to stay on the campus of Peking University, he was forced by the Japanese side, shot by the Japanese side, and gradually degenerated involuntarily. Because he was the pseudo-curator of Peking University Library, he finally became the director of the General Administration of Education of the pseudo-North China Management Committee. I remember when Zhou was tried, he defended himself in court, saying that he thought the Lugouqiao Incident was just another local conflict between China and Japan in North China, which could be solved soon, so he stayed in Beiping.
Next, we talked about some details of Zhou Zuoren's arrest in Peiping, trial in Nanjing and detention in Tiger Bridge Prison.
Zhou was killed by the Japanese on New Year's Valentine's Day on 1939. The bullet was stopped by a button, but he wouldn't die without it. Soon, Tang, Minister of Education of the pseudo-North China Provisional Government, was appointed as the director of the pseudo-Peking University Library and transferred to the dean of the pseudo-Peking University College of Literature. From 65438 to 0940, Wang Jingwei's pseudo-North China Provisional Government was reorganized into the pseudo-North China Administrative Committee, and Tang continued to serve as the director of the General Administration of Education. In November of the same year, Tang died of illness, and Zhou Chenggong supervised fake posts. Later, because of gang rape and power struggle, Zhou was weak and gradually lost power. Japan was also dissatisfied with this, so it removed the part-time job of supervisor and literary dean and appointed him as a member of the advisory Committee of the pseudo-North China Political Committee. Although I only received some transportation expenses, I was still very rich when I really worked.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Xian was arrested in Peiping for treason. The following year, together with Wang Yintai and Wang Shijing, he was taken to the south and detained in Nanjing Tiger Bridge Prison. The execution ground of the executed person is also located on the grass near the wall on the east side of the prison. If the person subjected to execution commits a crime, an execution ground shall be set up.
In any case, Zhou Zuoren can be regarded as a famous literary theorist and prose master since the May 4th Movement, but Australians ask: How did such a scholar fall into the water and become a traitor despised by others?
He will be tried later this week. When the head of the pseudo-propaganda department 1946+00 was executed in the prison execution ground in June, Zhou Qiner heard the gunshots, and he felt sympathy and hurt his life experience. He once wrote an elegy called Miscellanies of Bitter Bamboo. Shi Yun:
When times were different, Yu Xin ignored her and killed Chen Lin today. After crying in the garden, it was very sad and accepted the stolen son wholeheartedly.
There is a postscript to this poem: There are nine diplomatic letters in Lin Shiquan's room. When he heard that Shiquan was dying, he cried in the garden. 19 years old, sentenced to three months in prison for theft. October fourteenth.
It is clear from the meaning of this poem.
Zhou's father Yasuo Fukuda sentenced Mei Siping, director of the pseudo-Central Organization Department, and Mei Siping, director of the pseudo-Central Propaganda Department, to death for treason, and they were executed for the second time in the execution ground of Huqiao Prison. According to historical records, Zhou compared Mei and Lin, who are quite literary, with Yu and Chen, literary giants. It seems that although Yu and Chen defected to the Northern Dynasties and Cao Cao, their new owners still cherish their literary talent. Instead of killing them, they use them more. However, Mei and Lin are not so lucky. In fact, Yuzishan left as an envoy, and he never defected to the enemy. Judging from what he has done, his poems are still preoccupied with the old country of the Southern Dynasties. As for Chen, blades, Yuan Shao and Cao Cao were all ministers of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but they were still officials one after another, which was not treason. This is because people don't know the difference between them, but because they are tarred with the same brush as Mei and Lin, they just cite the classics and muddle through. Investigate its meaning, but also seek to excuse yourself!
That day, I told this young Australian scholar about it, but he never listened. I don't-I don't know if he can. I don't know China's complicated historical facts and truth, or he has preconceived views because he worships Zhou Zuoren. In a word, let's not comment on this point.
Zhou Zuoren's highest-ranking and most powerful fake posts are supervised by the General Administration of Education of North China Management Committee, which can be said to be a senior fake official in charge of printing handles. Fortunately, he was pushed off the stage before the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. On the day of his arrest, he only served as a member of the advisory meeting of the pseudo-North China Administrative Committee. Therefore, after the trial, the judge relented and only sentenced him 14 years in prison, instead of letting him follow his classmate Mei Helin underground. In a word, it's lucky.