The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River are dominated by mountains, while the middle and lower reaches are dominated by plains and hills. Because the middle section of the river flows through the Loess Plateau in China and carries a lot of sediment, it is also called the river with the largest sediment concentration in the world. However, in the history of China, the diversion of the lower Yellow River has brought great influence to human civilization.
The Yellow River is the most important birthplace of Chinese civilization. People in China call it "Mother River". It carries1600 million tons of sediment every year, of which1200 million tons flows into the sea, and the remaining 400 million tons stay in the lower reaches of the Yellow River for many years, forming an alluvial plain, which is conducive to planting.
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The gestation, birth and development of the Yellow River are controlled by geological processes in geological history. The tectonic movements caused by crustal changes are external forces, and the erosion, transportation and accumulation generated by itself under hydrogeological conditions are internal forces. In the historical process of becoming a river, it keeps moving forward and keeps pace with the times.
Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau and sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River began in prehistoric geological times, and have been increasingly influenced by human activities since then. The ancient Yellow River has three stages of development: the early Pleistocene from Tertiary to Quaternary was the gestation period of the ancient Yellow River. The middle Pleistocene in Quaternary (110.5 million years ago) was the birth period of the ancient Yellow River. In the late Pleistocene (654.38+ 10,000 years ago ~ 654.38+ 10,000 years ago), the Yellow River formed a marine water system.